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WAR DIARY
German Naval Staff
Operations Division
PART A VOLUME 43
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MARCH 1943
naval war college
classified l;:;.ary
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I JUN 22
I Copy number
TO BE RETURNED TO "1
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WAR DIARY OF THE GERMAN NAVAL ST4FF
( Operations Division)
Part A
March 19l3
»
Chief, Naval Staff:
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff:
Chief, Operations Division, Naval
Staff:
Grand Admiral Doenitz
Vice Admiral Meisel
Rear Admiral Wagner
Volume 1*3
begun: 1 Mar, 19U3
closed: 31 Mar. 19 U3
\
■
r
J
CONFIDENTIAL
FOREWORD
1. This volume entitled War Diary of the German Naval Staff.
Operations Division. Part A, is Volume 43 covering March 1943*
Other volumes will follow shortly .
2. The War Diaries, Part A, are important because they con-
tain a day by day summary of the information available to the
German Naval Staff and the decisions reached on the basis there-
of. Together with Fuehrer Conferences on Matters Dealing with
the German Navy. 1939-1945. which have been published, the War
Diaries should provide valuable material for the study of naval
problems arising from total war. The War Diary, Part A, is also
a useful index to the German Naval Archives of World War II;
references may be found in the Classified Operational Branch of
Naval History Division (Op-29).
3. Due to the cost of publication, only a limited number of
copies could be made. If any recipient of this War Diary does
not need to retain it, it is requested that it be returned to
Naval History Division ( Op-29).
4. The translation of this War Diary was made in London, England,
under the guidance of Commander S. R. Sanders, U3NR. When his
London Office was closed and the translation project was dis-
continued, much unfinished material was sent to Naval History
Division, ( Op-29). Because the dissemination of the data con-
tained in these documents is important, the translations and
stencils have not been checked for accuracy of interpretation,
phraseology, and spelling of officers' names or geographical
names. Distribution under these conditions seems justified be-
cause translators are not available in Naval History Division.
Research to correct possible inconsistencies and to revamp in
smooth form the rough or literal translations did not warrant
the expense involved.
John B. Heffernan
Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy (Retired)
Director of Naval History
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
Office of the Chief of Naval Operations
Naval History Division
Washington 25, D. C.
. 1955
r
1 Mar, 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
There are hardly any current political events affecting the war to
be noted, A review of the foreign press shows that the Russian
successes up to February have brought the discussion of post-war
problems to the fore, as though the defeat of the Axis Powers were
already sealed. All the world is considering how an understanding
can best be reached with a victorious Russia, In view of the dif-
ferences of opinion which must necessarily result from such dis-
cussions and which may already have become manifest, Attlee felt
constrained to give a warning in one of his speeches that England
should not be distracted in her war efforts by considerations of
post-war problems. Moreover, the unity essential to victory might
be broken. Although this warning may have been given for domestic
reasons, it applies still more strongly to relations between the
Allies, The Axis Powers could only welcome it if their enemies
forewent the advantage of an exclusive concentration of power on
the war and risked their unity in trying to divide the carcass be-
fore the kill* It would be a mistake, however, to reckon seriously
at this time with such a weakness of the enemy ( though it is quite
possible), especially in the assessment of military questions. It
remains to be seen how the world will react to a failure of the
Russian operational plans for this winter. The three weak politi-
cal points for the Axis at present are Spain, Turkey and Finland,
In the two first-mentioned countries, things seem to be changing
gradually for the better. In Finland, the apparently very dif-
ficult task of forming a cabinet must be completed before the new
tendency becomes evident. No authentic information concerning
the background of Ribbentrop's visit in Rome has been received.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I, Chief, Naval Staff has ordered that Commander in Chief, Air
Force, Operations Staff be requested to supply Air Force mobile
anti-aircraft units to reinforce the anti-aircraft defense of
St, Nazaire,
II, Chief, Naval Communications Division reports that the method
used by the Navy to prevent jamming of our radar when enemy planes
are approaching has proved successful. Equipment of the first ten
submarines with fixed antennas for radar interception has been
started,
III, Quartermaster General reported on the installation of naval
anti-aircraft guns at St, Nazaire, Chief, Naval Staff has given
orders for the work to be expedited and for a sequence of priority
- 1 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
to be established at once ( if this has not already been done) for
all work arising simultaneously at the base. Most important of
all is to ensure the power supply. St. Nazaire is especially
vulnerable due to its locks. Commander in Chief, Air Force has
promised all possible assistance for the submarine campaign. He
must now help with anti-aircraft guns and with fighters.
Quartermaster General also reported on the transfer of Siebel
ferry construction or the relative quotas from the Air Force to
the Navy. The actual position in regard to quotas is evidently
not yet entirely clear. Chief, Naval Staff has ordered that an
attempt be made to transfer all naval construction quotas from
the Air Force to the Navy and will himself take the first op-
portunity to discuss it with Reich Minister Speer.
IV. Report by Operations Division, Foreign Affairs Section on (
Naval Staff's question to the Foreign Office and the latter 's
reply in regard to Anglo-American/ Portuguese relations. The reply
states that the Americans have so far made no demands of any kind
for Portuguese bases. British efforts in this direction have been
warded off for the time being by Salazar's strong attitude. For
details see War Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
V. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division presented a summary of ships
sunk in Feb. 19 U3. This list has been checked by the Foreign Mer-
chant Marine Branch. Copy as per l/Skl 6523/U3 geh. in War Diary,
File "Enemy Shipping Losses."
In a Highly Restricted Circlet
VI. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Divisiont
a) On the question of submarine escort in to Toulon by the (
Italians, according to notes in War Diary, 26 Feb.
b) On the sinking of the Spanish steamer IGUELDO by an Ital-
ian submarine in the Atlantic and the official German- Italian ex-
planation thereof. The steamer was sailing under U.S. air cover.
c) On the sinking of an Irish steamer at 18°N, 12°W by a
German submarine. The affair is not to be published.
d) On Group North's plans in regard to the transfer of the
SCHARNHORST, in accordance with notes in War Diary of 28 Feb.,
with which Naval Staff agrees. Chief, Naval Staff also agrees.
e) On the necessity to refuse the request by Commanding Ad-
miral, Defenses, West to German Naval Command, Italy concerning the
transfer of coastal minelayers. Chief, Naval Staf^f concurs.
- 2 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
VII. Chief, Operations Division reported on the intention of the Fleet
Command not to transfer destroyer Z M28M to the west area, but to send
her to Norway in order to change Commanders. The present Commander
of Z "28" has been requested by Commanding Admiral, Task Force, Admiral
Kummetz, for appointment as Chief, Operations Branch. Chief, Naval
Staff granted this request at a meeting between Commanding Admiral,
Fleet, Commanding Admiral, Task Force and Chief of Staff, Naval Staff
on 28 Feb. The conference between the two Commanding Admirals and
Chief, and Chief of Staff, Naval Staff was held for the purpose of
discussing views on the operational possibilities of the large vessels
in the northern area in the light of the new situation.
VIII. Report by Operations Division, Naval Air and Air Force Liaison
Section on its sphere of activities.
IX. Chief, Naval Staff reported on the result of his discussions with
Reichsmarschall Goering on 25 Feb.
The Reichsmarschall declared that, in his opinion, submarine war-
fare was the only possible means of successfully attacking England
and America. He promised to give all possible support to the sub-
marine campaign by provision of long-range reconnaissance planes.
However, he warned against over-optimism in regard to the planes1
readiness for action. Developments took a long time and the in-
dustries usually did not keep their promises. However, he hoped
that the He 177 type might be suitable as a reconnaissance plane
by the fall of this year. He did not believe that the Me 26U
would ever be ready for action. These planes had their gasoline
supply in the wings and no one could fly them against the present
defense. He agreed that the three BV 222 planes, at present em-
ployed on supply service in the east, should be used instead for
submarine warfare reconnaissance. He could not issue orders to
this effect, however, because the Fuehrer had assigned these planes
to carry supplies. The request of Commander in Chief, Navy that
long-range reconnaissance be flown twice a day, each time with six
planes, was not considered exaggerated by the Reichsmarschall, who
believed that it could be done by one wing. He promised his full
support towards the establishment of such reconnaissance. He
offered to help Commander in Chief, Navy with the anti-aircraft
defense of the submarine bases.
He stated that he was not interested in the matter of Siebel ferries.
Notes of 1 Mar. see War Diary, Part C, Vol. IV.
In view of this attitude of the Reichsmarschall, Chief, Naval Staff
merely reported to the Fuehrer on 26 Feb. that the former had concur-
red in the Navy's demands. The Fuehrer took note of this report but
expressed some doubt as to the possibility of the promises being ful-
filled.
- 3 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Chief, Naval Staff again stated in conclusion that the Reichs-
marschall has promised to support the submarine campaign with
all means available to him.
Special Items,
I. On 2li Feb. Group North submitted a survey of the situation
regarding the Skagerrak declared area and the West Wall. Naval
Staff agreed with the estimates, which were given because of im-
pending transfer of Group North's tasks to North Sea Station or
Naval Command, Norway.
Reinforcement of the Skagerrak barrages is not necessary for the
time being. It is, however, desirable that the West Wall barrages r*
be strengthened during this summer. For reports of Group North as
per 1/Skl 586 and $Ql/h3 Gkdos. Chefs, see War Diary, Part C, Vol. VI.
II. Naval Intelligence Division, Foreign Navies Branch has taken
data from British captured material for a report on the organisation
and activity of the British Intelligence Service in East Africa.
For copy as per l/Skl 6306/U3 geh. see War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
The report is of general interest and gives a good insight into
the working methods of the British in the collection and evaluation
of information. The data on the methods of deception employed by
the enemy are of special interest.
III. In regard to the distribution of the available iron quota
for the second quarter of 19U3> and in accordance with information
received from Naval (Ship) Construction Division, Naval Staff has
established the following sequence of priority for continuation
of construction work:
<
a) Submarines, war transports and naval landing craft in
the south area,
b) Torpedo recovery vessels 9-2U,
c) Continuation of the construction of minesweepers, at
least within the current program; small mine-exploding
vessels,
d) Destroyers and torpedo boats 39 /Ul,
e) Motor minesweepers,
f) FT boats,
g) Armed fishing vessels,
h) Auxiliary ships etc.
- I - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Situation 1 Mar.
I, War in Foreign Waters*
1« Enemy Situation;
North Atlantic;
According to an intelligence report from Copenhagen of 27
Feb., the U.S. convoys for Murmansk sail directly along the pack-
ice border and no longer call at Iceland.
Another intelligence report from the U.S.A. via "Ostrov" dated 8
Feb. states that one to three large convoys were expected to sail
about 10 to 12 Feb. from Chesapeake, Philadelphia or Charleston,
with escort from Norfolk. When this report was sent, troop embar-
kation was in full swing. The steamers SIRFTS, GEORGIC, WEST POINT,
AMERICA and PRESIDENT WILSON were definitely observed among the
transports. The other transports are of various sizes, at least
Ii0-50$ being new ships of the C 2 and C 3 classes with a few Liberty
ships. At that time there were several cruisers and numerous de-
stroyers in Norfolk, but no corvettes or aircraft carriers. It is
definitely known that no tropical equipment was taken on for the
troops embarked. It is said that additional escort vessels, in-
cluding a British aircraft carrier, are expected to join the con-
voy in the West Indies.
According to another intelligence report from Santa Isabel dated
27 Feb., a convoy of three medium-sized vessels and one very large
one - possibly a heavy cruiser - passed by making for Victoria
Duala.
2. Own Situation;
No reports have been received from our own vessels in
foreign waters. Otherwise nothing special to report.
II. Situation West Area.
Atlantic Coast;
In order to ensure that vital blockade runners reach
Japan, Naval Staff is planning a massed break-through of the
blockade area to be made simultaneously at various points with the
aim of splitting up the enemy's defense and thus increasing the
chances of a break-through by individual vessels. Group West has
therefore been ordered to make preparations for the 0S0RN0, PORT-
LAND, HIMALAYA and if possible, ALSTERUFER to be brought out to-
gether and to despatch them as soon as destroyers and sufficient
air reconnaissance are available.
- 5 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff expects this to be carried out between 10 and 16 Mar.
The departure of tankers will be postponed.
Torpedo boats T "9", "12" and "18" arrived at Nantes. On 28 Feb.
one ELM/ J mine was cleared by a mine -exploding vessel off Lorient.
Concerning the high-explosive bombing attack on the afternoon of
27 Feb., Brest dockyard reports that six hits by 500 kg. bombs
caused serious damage to buildings but small material damage. The
dockyard's working capacity is unimpaired. For report by Group
West on damage to St. Nazaire on the evening of 28 Feb., see tele-
type 0812.
For bringing in the D00GER3ANK, Naval Staff has established codeword
"Kaptaube".
Channel Coast;
At 0200 FT boats S "90" and "121" entered Cherbourg.
Torpedo boats T "13" and "17" are transferring from Dunkirk to the
Hook of Holland.
The action by the 5th PT Boat Flotilla against the westbound convoy
in Lyme 3ay was unsuccessful due to heavy clouding up and poor visi-
bility. For brief report, see teletype 18U8.
An exploratory operation by the 2nd PT 3oat Flotilla off the south-
east coast was also without result on account of poor visibility.
For brief report, see teletype 18U5.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Enemy Situation;
No particular reports have been received.
Own Situation;
During the night of 28 Feb. about 17 enemy PT boats were
located off Helder. Patrol position "Rom" was therefore withdrawn.
A ground mine was cleared before a convoy north of Ameland. Two
motor minesweeper flotillas are engaged in search-sweeping the con-
voy channel; two minesweeper flotillas, one mine-exploding vessel
and one minesweeping plane are employed on channel sweeping.
A supplementary report states that naval anti-aircraft guns shot
down one enemy plane on 18 Feb. and one on 19 Feb. in the area of
W ilhe lmshave n .
- 6 - CONFIDENTIAL
I
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Starting at 1937 harrassing sorties were made between Terschelling
and Wangeroog. Prom 2015 strong enemy air forces penetrated be-
tween Esbjerg and Heligoland, The attack was concentrated on Ber-
lin. One p^ane was shot down by a patrol boat north of Terschel-
ling and one each by naval anti-aircraft guns near Brunsbuettel
and Heligoland. The sets in Borkum, Heligoland, Wangeroog, Sande
and Schillig were jammed.
2. Norway/Northern Waters t
Enemy Situation:
The 20th Mountain Army Command reports that 17 vessels
have sailed from Kola Bay to the north. This report is not abso-
lutely reliable.
Own Situation:
Situation reports from Admiral, Arctic Coast and Admiral,
North Norwegian Coast have not come in on account of line trouble.
The steamer TROMOESUND, which escaped on 28 Feb. from Raeke Fjord,
was intercepted at 0825 by our Air Force and was sunk at 1130 in
grid square AN U922. The crew had probably already been picked up
by a British destroyer.
Admiral, Northern Waters transmits an extract from an operational
order for transport of a weather observation instrument by weather
ship COBURG to Bear Island (Operation "Brausewetter"). Estimated
date of sailing is 5 Mar. A submarine will escort her at sea as
far as the ice border. The instrument is to be set up near Heed-
vin if possible. Return according to orders of Admiral, Northern
Waters •
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea,.
Patrol of the Skagerrak was carried through by eight boats.
Escort tasks in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic
were at times interrupted owing to weather conditions. In re-
gard to the SCHARNHORST, Naval Staff has sent Group North its
approval, with copy to the Fleet, of reported plans and order for
the provision, if possible, of berths in Strande Bay, Kiel, and
also for participation of the destroyers equipped for rough-sea
torpedo firing in the transfer to the northern area. This is ir-
respective of Commander in Chief, Air Force's decision on Naval
Staff's request for assignment of an He 59 plane.
A large amount of truck traffic was observed on 28 Feb. between
Lissi Noss and Kronstadt and between Kronstadt and Oranienbaum.
An air attack by us on Lavansaari was repulsed by accurate heavy
anti-aircraft fire. A few enemy planes dropped leaflets over
Tallinn in the morning. - 7 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
According to a report from the Naval Attache, Helsinki, an attempt
will be made to open traffic to Kotka as early as the beginning of
y.arch with the aid of steamers reinforced against ice and ice-
breakers.
V» Submarine Warfare.
1* Enemy Situation:
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation;
In the sea area of the ccnvoy operation south of Greenland, {
contact was made with several small groups. A concentration of
about ten steamers sailing on southwesterly course is believed to
be a fast convoy. Contact with this enemy group was lost in the
darkness. One boat reports sinking a motorship of °,000 CRT and
that, while maintaining contact with two large steamers, one of
them was seen to sink though no explosion was heard. The oper-
ation is being continued.
T.-.e sinking of a steamer of 5,000 CRT is reported fro- the Western
Mediterranean. Further rerorts are contained in "Supplement to
the Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part 3, Vol. IV,
71. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
No special reports of daytime operations. According to a
report from Air Force General Staff, 176 enemy planes flew over
German territory in the evening in two groups; 120 planes flew into
the area Eostcck-Eberswalde-Leipzig-Frfurt-Focholt. This group
concentrated its attacks on Berlin. The number of planes engaged
in this action has net yet been established accurately. At times
up to 30 planes were over the city simultaneously. Heavy damage
was done.
Twenty planes dropped mines in the mouth of the Elbe and 10 planes
were sighted in the area of Papeniurs-Dcrtmund. Seventy-three Me
110, 10 To 217 and ° Ju 68 planes were in action as night fighters.
They shot down 12 planes and h mere were shot down by anti-aircraft
guns. It is probable that this figure will prove to be even higher.
- 8 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Strong enemy air forces attacked Palermo at noon and
Naples in the afternoon. At both places damage and losses, also
to ships in port, were caused. For further details see "Own
Situation Mediterranean."
3. Eastern Front;
No special reports have been received.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
— -^^^M^^^ ■ ■ ■■■■■'■! ■» ■ ■ ■ ■ — — ■ ■■«■■■!
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
No special reports from Gibraltar. Sections of the east-
bound convoy reported on 28 Feb. have apparently entered Algiers.
On the afternoon of 28 Feb. 3-U more vessels were reported west
of Algiers and in the evening 1 cruiser, 1 destroyer and 1-2
steamers ill miles northeast of Algiers, with no details of course
and speed. According to photographic reconnaissance 3 light cruis-
ers, h destroyers, 1 gunboat and 11 steamers were in Bone on the
afternoon of 28 Feb. The harbor was protected by a balloon bar-
rage.
At 1025 on 1 Mar. 6 light naval vessels were sighted 26 miles north-
northwest of Phillipeville on southwesterly course, proceeding at
high speed.
Submarines were observed near Gaeta, Capri and Messina.
An eastbound convoy consisting of 6 small steamers was reported on
the morning of 28 Feb. west-northwest of Appolonia.
On 28 Feb. the British Admiralty reported the loss of the corvette
ERICA, with no further details. According to captured material,
a corvette escorting a British convoy to Malta sank on 22 Mar. 19U2
after striking a mine. It is uncertain whether this is a new ves-
sel of the same name.
According to an intelligence report from France, the attitude of
the population in the Italian-occupied areas, which was at first
very hostile, especially in Nice and Toulon, has taken a surpris-
ing turn for the better. due to the extraordinarily reserved be-
havior of the Italians.
- 9 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Three Italian submarines were in the operational area.
On the evening of 28 Feb. one of our submarines torpedoed a
steamer of 5,000 GRT hS miles east-northeast of Algiers.
On the evening of 1 Feb. (obviously meant to read 1 Mar,, Tr. N. )
the 3rd and 7th PT Boat Flotillas left Bizerta for operations off
Bone. FT boat S "56" was sunk on the afternoon of 28 Feb. in the
harbor of Palermo by air attack. While searching for S "35%
wreckage and a small rubber dinghy were found 28 miles northwest
of Bizerta. According to a report from German Naval Command,
Tunisia, the loss of S "35" was probably due to a floating mine.
While on channel sweeping a motor minesweeper group found a bar-
rage 25 miles northwest of Bizerta and has so far cleared seven
Mark XVII mines. ♦
Submarine-chasers "220ii" and "2202" left Marseilles. Minesweeper
M "602I4" is en route from Savona to Genoa and M "6022" with six
auxiliary motor minesweepers is en route from Leghorn to Naples.
The British MTB "262" which sank off La Galite was scuttled by
her crew after her engines and radio had failed. This boat,
with three others, was stationed at Bone,
Heavy enemy air raids on 28 Feb. on Cagliari and on 1 Mar. on
Naples and Palermo caused considerable shipping losses. At
Cagliari, the steamer PAOLO (3,855 GRT), a submarine-chaser
and several minesweepers were sunk. Four steamers, a hospital
ship, two motor minesweepers and 16 barrage and patrol boats
were damaged. Besides that, heavy damage was caused to the
quays and port installations. The torpedo boat MONSONE sank
at Naples. The motorship ORIANI and the German steamer RHEA (
were heavily damaged, two more torpedo boats and the motorship
CORRADO slightly damaged. In Palermo the steamer SCHIAFFTNO
sank and the destroyer GENIERE was apparently heavily damaged.
Commander in Chief, Air Force has already arranged for anti-
aircraft vessels employed on transport service to Africa to
be used to protect Italian ports between passapes.
3. Sea Transport Situation:
At 1305 on 28 Feb. the steamer ISCHIA (5,101 GRT)
was sunk on her way from Genoa to Spezia by an enemy submarine
near Portofino.
On the evening of 28 Feb. the convoy BELLUNO entered Tunis. On
the afternoon of 1 Mar. five destroyers disembarked German troops
in Tunis.
- 10 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The following were unloaded in Tunisian ports during February:
2,120 motor vehicles, 52 tanks, 163 guns and 14^,600 tons of
cargo. The hoped-for minimum discharge of 60,000 tons was not
reached since not enough steamers arrived. Discharge at Bizerta
on 1 Mar. amounted to 3*210 tons.
In reply to a query from Naval Staff, the Naval Attache, Rome
has confirmed the following responsibility for the movement of
vessels from the area of southern Prance to Italian ports: The
Naval Attache, Rome remains responsible for this task north of
the latitude of Naples; all movements and commercial traffic
south of this line, particularly between Italy and the Aegean
Sea area are controlled by Chief, Supply and Transport, Italy,
insofar as military safety measures are required. Only one
exception has been made to this rule, which has been in force
since 19 Dec. 19U2, i.e. for the Spanish steamer JUAN DE ASTI-
GARARA, in which case it was found necessary to use a more di-
rect channel of communication because of imminent danger.
h* Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
No special reports have been received.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
Air reconnaissance sighted a submarine in the morning
35 miles south of the Strait of Kerch. Two merchantmen were
sighted off Sochi, a merchantman sailing northwest 30 miles west
of Sukhum and a cruiser sailing east 60 miles east of Samsun off
the north coast of Turkey.
Own Situation:
On 28 Feb. there was lively gunfire and air activity near
Novorossisk. No enemy vessels were detected in the Bay of Novoros-
sisk- Kabardinka. A freighter aground off Cape Myshako was attacked
by our dive-bombers. On 27 and 2^ Feb. the 8th Air Corps dropped
27 aerial mines in the entrance to Ghelenjik.
During the night of 28 Feb., nothing was sighted by four boats of
the 1st FT Boat Flotilla operating in the area southeast of Ghelen-
jik. Four Italian FT boats in waiting position in the Novorossisk
area observed, apart from six Russian FT boats, no supply traffic
and no vessels at the landing stage. FT boat operations were
cancelled on the night of 1 Mar. on account of weather conditions.
- 11 - CONFIDENTIAL
1 Mar, 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Submarine U "9" has left the operational area and is on her way-
back to Constantza. Two naval landing craft with cotton and am-
munition put in to Kerch from Anapa. Ferry traffic across the
Strait of Kerch was carried out without obstruction from ice.
Enemy air activity was only slight due to low ceiling, A com-
bined operations landing craft was damaged by a mine between
Yenikale and Kossa Chuchka. Another mine was exploded by a land-
ing boat, A minesweeping plane was employed on channel sweeping.
The Yenikale-Kossa Chuchka route was temporarily closed due to
danger of mines.
The following were ferried to the west: 3,300 soldiers, more than
600 prisoners, 800 civilians, 2,100 horses, 3h0 motorized and I186
horse-drawn vehicles. Twenty- five naval landing craft made 6h trips
in both directions.
In the rest of the Black Sea convoy traffic went according to plan.
The carburetor of harbor defense vessel Ro "33" caught fire and the
boat is a total loss.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
Nothing to report.
- 12 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Nothing special to report.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
Beport by Chief, Fleet Operations Section, Operations Division on
the situation in the South Pacific area. Notes in War Diary, Part
C, Vol. XV.
Otherwise no special reports or decisions.
Commander in Chief, Navy held a conference with Air Commander,
Atlantic Coast, the Air Force General attached to Commander in
Chief, Navy and others on the subject of reconnaissance in the
west area for purposes of submarine warfare. Minutes of this
conference as per l/Skl I L 6625 A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. IV.
Special Items.
I. As ordered, a report was submitted to the Fuehrer on Naval
Staff's plans for continuation of the blockade running service.
Copy as per teletype l/Skl I k 622/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. I.
II. In respect to the employment of auxiliary cruisers, Naval
Staff is of the opinion that, however the war may develop, there
are two operational areas that will always offer possibilities
for successful action: the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. Both
these sea areas are vast and difficult to patrol. Owing to
their geographical situation, effective submarine operations
are possible only in the coastal areas and, even there, only
with large boats having an especially wide radius of action.
The remoteness of these seas will admirably achieve the desired
diversion of enemy naval forces upon the appearance of auxiliary
cruisers. As long as only one German cruiser is operating the
enemy will be forced to maintain numerous forces in areas far re-
moved from the main theater of naval warfare. In the opinion of
Naval Staff, this heavy strain on the enemy forces, compared to
which our own efforts would be insignificant, shows the necessity
for overseas commitment of auxiliary cruisers, even if only of a
single vessel.
- 13 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
At present only two auxiliary cruisers are available. Ship "28"
is in Japan and Ship "5" is being made ready at horns for the fall
of this year; therefore, after Ship "28" «s engines have been over-
hauled, this auxiliary cruiser will be available for operations in
summer and fall 19u3 and Ship "5" will be available following her
return. Thus, during the years 19U3 and 19 UU, only one cruiser in
each year will be ready for action. Our commitment of forces,
therefore, against which the enemy will be compelled to protect
himself on all the oceans, will be extremely small.
All the experiences and requirements of auxiliary cruiser warfare
to date have been incorporated on Ship "5"» In armament and equip-
ment and with her speed of 172 knots this vessel represents the
ideal type of a modern auxiliary cruiser attainable by us. Naval
Staff is convinced that the commitment of even a single cruiser
will force the enemy to maintain strong defensive measures, so that
the suspension of auxiliary cruiser warfare would give him a con-
siderable moral and practical advantage.
For these reasons, Chief, Naval Staff has agreed that Ship "5" be
completed and made ready for action.
III. On 1 Mar. Croup North submitted an order for passage of the
SCHARNHORST from home waters to Norway (codeword " Paderborn" . )
Port of destination will be Narvik - Bogen Bay, intermediate
port - if necessary - Trondheim. The following escort forces are
planned: Commander, 5th Destroyer Flotilla with BEITZEN, IHN,
STEINBRINCK and Z "28"; Commander, 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla with
T "16", "20", "21", JAGUAR and GREIF. For reasons of fuel supply,
the latter Flotilla will be transferred in advance to Kristiansand
South. For this operation, destroyers IHN and STEINBRINCK will
interrupt their rough-sea torpedo firing at Bergen and will move
to Kristiansand South for supplies. Destroyer BEITZEN will join
the SCHARNHORST in the Kattegat, coming from Aarhus.
From Kristiansand South the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla will be
called upon only if the SCHARNHORST' s speed is not reduced by
weather conditions. In this case, after arrival in Kors Fjord,
two torpedo boats can be detached to Bergen for rough-sea torpedo
firing. If unfavorable weather sets in, the torpedo boats will
remain in Kristiansand South for the time being. If weather con-
ditions are such as to exclude only the torpedo boats from ac-
companying SCHARNHORST, the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla is to pro-
ceed independently as far as Skudesnes Fjord and then through the
skerries to Bergen. There two boats will be detached for rough-
sea torpedo firing.
Operational control of the transfer will be in the hands of
Commanding Admiral, Group North at Kiel; from Trondheim onwards
- lii - CONFIDENTIAL
(
2 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
in the hands of Admiral, Northern Waters. The Corurander of the
SCHAFNHORST will hold the tactical command and Commander, 5th
Destroyer Flotilla will be in command of the escort forces.
Estimated date of departure is 6 Mar.
If visibility is poor or if weather conditions exclude enemy air
reconnaissance, it is planned to sail partially or entirely out-
side the skerries. From Kristiansand South to Narvik it is hoped
to sail outside the skerries. If visibility is good, it is planned
to take the skerries from Kors Fjord, rounding Stadtlandet by night,
The order to sail inside or outside the skerries will be given by
radiogram from Group North or by decision of the Commander on the
basis of local conditions. The operation may be broken off at the
Commander's decision only in case of great urgency or otherwise by
Group North. If the formation should be intercepted by the enemy
in the Skagerrak, it will either: discontinue the operation and
return homewards; discontinue and deviate along the south coast of
Norway towards Oslo Fjord; discontinue and stand on and off in the
Skagerrak,
IV. Brief Report on the Enemy Situation No. 2/1*3* by Naval Intel-
ligence Division, Enemy Situation Branch contains information on
the construction of U.S. auxiliary aircraft carriers, the anti-
submarine equipment of the British Fleet, radar procedure, the
commissioning of so-called anti-submarine frigates, the establish-
ment of special Coastal Command bomber combat groups operating
with depth-charges on convoy escort, and on ships commissioned
and launched in America where the first battleship of the IOWA
class, which has taken 32 months to construct, was commissioned
on 23 Feb. The second vessel is due to be ready in April. The
report also contains further information on the voting of large
funds to the U.S. Navy for the acquisition of advanced bases,
probably in the Pacific Ocean, and on a law providing for the
establishment of a global system of floating and dry docks for
repairing American and Allied ships. Finally, there is inform-
ation on the attempt to replace the air route from North America
to the Middle East via Natal- Freetown-Lake Chad, which has taken
a heavy toll of losses, by a new air route via French Morocco-
Algeria-Libya; also information on the battle strength and the
morale of the island of Malta, evidently based on conditions at
the beginning of summer 19U2.
Report as per l/Skl 652U/U3 geheim in War Diary, File "Data on
the Enemy Situation."
- 15 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Situation 2 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
North Atlantic;
A Japanese agent reports the following convoy movements;
On 31 Jan. a convoy of 21 vessels with 1 light cruiser and h de-
stroyers left Baltimore for Australia. On 8 Feb. a convoy of 17
vessels with 1 light cruiser and 3 destroyers left Baltimore for
North Africa. On 12 Feb. a convoy of 25 vessels with 2 light
cruisers and 6 destroyers left Baltimore in the direction of
England, apparently bound for Russia. Finally, on lit Feb. a con-
voy was being prepared in Baltimore, probably for Australia. (
Indian Ocean;
On 2 Mar. a report was intercepted from a vessel in the
Gulf of Oman being pursued by a suspicious ship which did not
reply to signals.
In regard to the loss of the HOHENFRIEDBERG, the British Admiralty
has announced that the tanker was detected by a Liberator plane
500 miles from Cape Finisterre on northerly course and that the
cruiser SUSSEX was able to intercept and sink her six hours later
at a range of about 9 miles. In view of the presence of a sub-
marine and a German FW plane, the cruiser was unable to pick up
survivors.
2. Own Situation;
Ship "28" entered Kobe on 2 Feb. (Mar?, Tr.N.)
The Naval Attache, Tokyo has been informed that Naval Staff will
appreciate receiving reports on the Japanese situation in the same
manner as heretofore, as they are particularly valuable in assess-
ing the situation and for cooperation with Admiral Nomura. For
the reports which the Attache will submit to Armed Forces High
Command, in his capacity as Service Attache, the instructions
issued at the end of Dec. 19H2 by Armed Forces High Command, Oper-
ations Staff remain in force.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
- 16 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar, 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Twelve minesweepers on operation were observed by air
reconnaissance south- southwest of Start Point on 1 Mar, At noon
there was a convoy of 8 steamers with 2 patrol boats east of
Lizard Head on northeasterly course, and in the evening a convoy
of 16 steamers with 1 cruiser and 8 more escort vessels on south-
erly course 150 miles west of Lisbon, On the afternoon of 2 Mar,,
11 steamers and 1 tanker with 2 destroyers, on northeasterly
course, were sighted between Lizard Head and Start Point, Other
steamers were observed south of Plymouth and south of Lizard Head,
2, Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
On the evening of 28 Feb. there were 50 fishing vessels
at sea in the northern area and 113 in the southern area.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has advised Naval
Staff for information of the order to the 3rd Air Force and Com-
manding General, Air Force Command, Center, to expedite reinforce-
ment of the defense forces in St. Nazaire, La Pallice and Bordeaux
against the increasing enemy air attacks. The 3rd Air Force is to
increase the anti-aircraft defense of the ports mentioned - from
its own forces, if necessary at the expense of the defenses on the
south coast of France, By agreement between the 3rd Air Force and
Commanding General, Air Force Command, Center, night defense will
soon be amplified by use of anti-aircraft trains. The trains em-
ployed in Pomerania will be brought up first (see teletype 2030),
Channel Coast t
In the evening British long-range batteries opened fire
on a German convoy. At 2230 the steamer FENTIVER (2,382 GRT),
sailing in the convoy, was sunk by gunfire.
This is the first success by British long-range shelling
in the Channel,
Further details have not yet been received.
The planned operations by the 5th PT Boat Flotilla on the night of
2 Mar. into the southern part of Lyme Bay and by the 2nd, l*th and
6th PT Boat Flotillas into the sea area south of Southwold were
broken off because of poor visibility.
- 17 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report from Sweden dated
1 Mar. , preparations are being made in southeast England for a
landing in Denmark with the purpose of cutting off Norway from
Germany. In order to divert attention, landing attempts will
also be made on Crete, Sicily and the French coasts.
Own Situation;
Eight Dutchmen, who were trying to escape to England by
motorboat, were captured by a patrol boat off the Hook of Holland.
Torpedo boats T "13" and "17" moved from Dunkirk to Rotterdam.
North of Juist and north of Ameland four ground mines were cleared
ahead of a convoy. Another ground mine was cleared north of Wang-
eroog. Escort service was hindered by weather conditions. Mine-
sweeping operations also had to be interrupted. Patrol positions
were taken up as planned.
From 19 UO enemy planes flew over the Heligoland Bight to lay mines
on the convoy routes between Wangeroog and Schiermonikoeg. The
centers of this operation were the areas of Borkum and Heligoland.
Naval targets north of Terschelling were unsuccessfully bombed.
Our radar sets were jammed again.
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
Very active air reconnaissance by day in the direction
of the Norwegian west and southwest coasts.
Our own reconnaissance reported from Murmansk at 1900 on 1 Mar.
an outgoing QP convoy 100 miles east-northeast of Cape Teriber-
ski on course U0° with three escort vessels. At 0555 on 2 Mar.
this convoy was detected by one of our submarines in grid square
AC 8625. The number of vessels was not reported.
Own Situation:
Five of our submarines operating in the area about liiO
miles northeast of Vardoe made temporary contact with a QP convoy
on course 310°. Enemy defense and poor visibility, as well as
heavy ice floes, made attack impossible.
- 18 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
On 28 Feb. Russian batteries on the Rybachi Peninsula fired 70
rounds at a naval landing craft near Nurraansetti without effect.
The convoy route was checked without results. Submarine-chase
centered on Nordkyn. On 26 Feb. the ferry ship WIKING burnt out
in Faeg Fjord. During an enemy air attack on Petsamo on 1 Mar.
95 bombs and machine-gunfire caused only slight damage. Escort
service was conducted according to plan. Examination of the
steamer NORDFAHRT revealed an attempt at sabotage by means of an
explosive charge attached to the outside. On 1 Mar. the PT boat
accommodation ship UTHAUG burnt out in Bugn Fjord. On 2 Mar. the
minelayer ROLAND drifted on to the rocks in the port of Kristian-
sand South, but was towed off again.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has ordered the
transfer of one night fighter squadron each to Herdla and Oerlan-
det for use during the transfer of the SCHARNHORST ( see teletype
2310).
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
On account of weather conditions, boats of the Skagerrak
patrol took shelter in coastal waters. For the same reason, con-
voys and channel sweeps were restricted.
In Kronstadt Bay motor sleds were fired on by a naval battery near
the Leningrad breakwater. The battery position northeast of Seis-
kaari was attacked with 10 SC 50 bombs.
Admiral, Northern Waters reports that the 3rd Air Force Field
Corps has requested guns to reinforce the flank defense on Koporya
Bay. Admiral, Baltic States proposes that a battery from Oden-
sholm be transferred to the Dubnia Peninsula as soon as the mine-
laying operations scheduled by Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic
have been carried out and surface forces have been transferred
to the Gulf of Finland. As a provisional measure, the former
anti-aircraft battery at Ustluga will be transferred to Peipia
at the beginning of March and will later be used as anti-aircraft
defense for Battery "Prinz Heinrich" (see teletype 1250).
Group North will settle this matter.
V. Merchant Shipping.
As soon as the new organization of the Navy has come into
operation, it is planned to hold a conference, at Wilhelmshaven,
at which the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping will be
- 19 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CCNTTZNriAL
present, on the control of merchant traffic in the Baltic and
North Seas in case of mine danger. Naval Staff has given di-
rections to Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North, with copy to
Group North and North Sea Station, that until then they can order
merchant traffic to be stopped or diverted only with the approval
of the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping, via the Deputy
for Maritime Shipping, Hamburg. Group North has objected that,
from the military aspect, this order is an intolerable constraint
for the responsible Commanding Admiral as, in case of sudden dan-
ger of mines or PT boats or of attack by enemy naval forces, im-
possible delays would be caused if the approval of the Reich Com-
missioner had to be obtained in advance. Naval Staff has pointed
out that the order refers exclusively to danger of mines and,
even so, leaves the military commanders the possibility of taking
immediate measures in cases of imminent danger.
71. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
There was lively reconnaissance activity in the 3ay of
3iscay. Thirty- two enemy planes were observed. According to
radio intelligence, one of our submarines was bombed in the east-
em part of the Bay of Biscay.
2. Own Situation:
A submarine operating against the convoy detected south
of Greenland sank an unaccompanied vessel of 8,000 GRT. Off the
South American coast, 12 miles south of Bahia, a submarine inter-
cepted a convoy of 18 steamers in ballast with 5 escort vessels
on easterly course j a 7,000 GRT freighter was sunk.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
On 1 Mar. 35 planes of the 3rd Air Force were on oper-
ation in the west area and 10 in the Mediterranean; on 2 Mar. I46
were on operation in the west area and 17 in the Mediterranean.
Air Co«ander, Atlantic Coast continued patrol of the sea area
off the coasts of Portugal and Northern Spain.
- 20 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
During the enemy attack on St. Nazaire on the night of 28 Feb,
six enemy planes were detected by our night fighter controls.
However, since the enemy effectively jammed radio telephone com-
munication with our ground stations, contact was not made.
According to a report from Air Force General Staff, 3 mine-bombs,
about 50 high-explosive bombs, 50,000 incendiaries, 30 phosphorus
bombs and 12 liquid incendiary bombs were dropped during the at-
tack on Berlin on the night of 1 Mar, From the extent of the
damage to be observed, the number of bombs used would seem to be
greatly underestimated. For details of damage see "Daily
Situation".
Between 1100 and 1600 repeated attacks were made on traffic in-
stallations in the Belgian coastal area. Nine locomotives were
put out of action. On the evening of 2 Mar., 62 enemy penetra-
tions into German territory were reported, 30 of them into the
Heligoland-Borkum-Westphalian industrial area; bombs were
dropped on Essen, Cologne and Duesseldorf .
2. Mediterranean Theater:
During the night of 28 Feb. a steamer of 6,000 GRT was
damaged in an attack on a convoy northeast of Algiers. Other
operations against targets off the Algerian coast were unsuccess-
ful. On 1 Mar. seven enemy planes were shot down over the Tunis-
ian area. During an attack on Palermo ten planes were shot down.
Due to weather conditions, the planned attack on Tripoli on the
night of 28 Feb. was shifted to Bone, where it was carried through
against ships and port installations with observed effect. The
Italian Air Force reported on 1 Mar. that four enemy planes were
shot down for certain and another probably shot down during escort
operations and alerts.
On 2 Mar. three bombers were sent out to attack the port of Bone
and six torpedo bombers were sent out against a convoy off Cape
Bougaroni. Five merchantmen were torpedoed and heavily damaged;
two ships were probably sunk.
3. Eastern Front:
No special reports from the Army fronts have been re-
ceived. The hth and 5th Air Forces report reconnaissance flights.
Eight Ju 88 planes of the 5th Air Force were engaged in the sink-
ing of the Norwegian steamer TROMOESUND on 1 Mar. Three hours
later, an enemy destroyer on southwesterly course was sighted in
the area where the steamer had been sunk; she probably picked up
the steamer's crew. A hit was scored on the destroyer. No
further details have been reported.
- 21 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
VIII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and 31ack Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
In the rooming a convoy from the Mediterranean consist-
ing of 20 steamers, some of them with balloon barrages and torpedo
defense nets in position, escorted by 1 destroyer and 2 corvettes,
entered Gibraltar. The convoy was followed by the heavy Task
Force consisting of the NELSON and the RODNEY and a total of 10
destroyers.
In the Algiers -Bougie area, only a few shipping movements were
observed. At noon there were 8 merchantmen in Bone and h in Bougie.
No sighting reports have been received from the Eastern Mediter-
ranean.
According to Italian radio intelligence, there were vessels off
Tobruk. According to an intelligence report from Lisbon, a large
troop convoy is being assembled in Gibraltar, believed to be in-
tended for an attack on Sicily or Italy. Another intelligence re-
port states that a convoy of 18 transports, escorted by 3 cruisers
and 6 destroyers and allegedly also submarines, will leave Beirut
for Bizerta between 3 and h Mar. The embarked troops are report-
edly Americans and Greeks and the cargo consists of aircraft
material and ammunition*
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
During the night of 1 Mar. the 3rd and 7th FT Boat
Flotillas carried out a minelaying operation according to plan in
the Bone area. S "60" transferred to Ferryville from Empedocle.
Only one boat of the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla is ready to
sail. Minesweeper M "602U" is en route from Genoa to Spezia.
In the morning a number of aerial mines was observed 8 miles
east of Bizerta just north of the convoy route. The route has
been temporarily closed. It is now reported that on 28 Feb. a
Siebel ferry was lost by striking a mine U3 miles north-north-
west of Cape Bon.
German Naval Command, Italy reports that the artillery defense of
the Italian escort forces is inadequate. The report is based on
the observations of German naval officers aboard and enumerates
the measures considered necessary to remedy this state of affairs.
Copy as per teletype l/Skl 6U6Ii/k3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XIV.
Further steps are to be taken by Quartermaster Division.
- 22 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
3, Sea Transport Situation:
Convoy CAMPANIA, consisting of three steamers and the
tanker LABOR, entered Palermo from Africa on 1/2 Mar. Otherwise
nothing special to report.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea:
Nothing special to report.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there were 2 cruisers,
2 destroyers, 3 tankers and 11 steamers at Batum.
Own Situation:
On 2 Mar. , 31 naval landing craft were operating in
the ice-free Strait of Kerch. Road traffic on the Tainan Penin-
sula was greatly hampered by mud. No report on the volume of
transport is yet available.
Otherwise no special reports.
In accordance with Naval Staff's request, Group South has reported
the following reasons for the so far unsuccessful operations by
submarines in the Black Seai
a.) Difficult conditions for attack near the coast with
continuous strong air patrol; traffic consists almost
entirely of single vessels, generally with heavy es-
cort; routes are patrolled by light naval forces and
there are extensive mined areas off the ports.
b.) Too few submarines.
c.) Poor fighting qualities of small submarines.
d.) So far insufficient experience of the Commanders.
e.) Unfavorable season for air reconnaissance and insuf-
ficient number of reconnaissance planes.
The Group sees prospects of success, justifying increased sub-
marine activity, in:
- 23 - CONFIDENTIAL
2 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
a.) Systematic and continuous action against the main
bases, Poti and Batura, in conjuction with air recon-
naissance during favorable seasons.
b.) Tying down enemy forces by making escort of transport
traffic necessary, which will greatly relieve our own
convoys •
In order to produce any noticeable results it will be necessary
to increase the number of submarines to nine. This is also de-
sirable in view of the possibility of an extension of the war in
the Black Sea.
Chief, Naval Staff has ordered Commander, 30th Submarine Flotilla
to report in person to Berlin. Any decisions are postponed until
then.
IX. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
- 2k - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
In reply to a question in the House of Lords in regard to the
possibility of increasing the speed of ships in order to lessen
the submarine threat, the Minister for War Transport replied:
"If we build faster vessels, we shall have to build pro-
portionately fewer. There is no advantage in building ships
which travel at more than convoy speed unless their speed is so
high that they can proceed unaccompanied. About one third of the
ships now under construction come into the category of high-speed
vessels. These are mainly large freighters and in future will
also include an increasing number of tankers."
The Under Secretary for Air stated that on the night of 1 Mar.
Berlin had been more severely battered than ever before. Well
synchronized day and night attacks by the R.A.F. and the U.S.
Air Force were paving the way for invasion of Europe. The time
was coming when, at no hour of the day or night, would the Axis
be safe from attack by Allied planes. The present bombings were
to be regarded as part of a large-scale general offensive which
would have to be launched at a future date and at an unspecified
place before Great Britain could count on final victory.
According to Reuter, the President of the Polish Government in
Exile, Sikorski, has issued a warning against exaggerated opti-
mism. It would be a mistake to believe that Germany's military
or home fronts were on the point of collapse. The Underground
in German-occupied territories must be encouraged in every way.
The people demand proof by deeds that moral political principles
are not merely words but a sacred duty for all Allied brothers in
arms. These people want to be certain that there is really sin-
cerity and unanimity in the Allied camp in regard to war aims.
It is therefore evident that consolidation of peace depends on
the loyal cooperation of all interested states. Sikorski is then
said to have stated verbatim: "We shall achieve this close co-
operation by the creation of various federative blocks, which
have been drawn up particularly from the economic standpoint.
This precise conception of the problem has met with the consent
of the U.S.A. and the British Empire."
Finland:
The President, Ryti, has entrusted the President of the Council,
Hakkila, with formation of a government, as he is the represent-
ative of the largest ( social-democratic) party. Establishment of
a Hakkila government would not be considered particularly favor-
able for Germany.
- 25 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL •
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff,
I. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division reported that the Minister
of Propaganda has issued new directions in regard to the treat-
ment of the populations of the eastern countries. Copy in War
Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
II. Peport by Operations Division, Foreign Affairs Section on
the delivery of weapons to Spain as per notes in War Diary, Part
C,Vol. VIII. Chief, Naval Staff agrees with the proposals, since
nothing must be left undone to give support to the Spaniards.
III. Report by Chief, Maritine Branch, Operations Division on
the operational control of independent merchant shipping.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
IV. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division;
The Naval Attache, Tokyo has transmitted an urgent request from
the Japanese Navy that operations by submarine U "180" after the
exchange of goods be cancelled, and that, in view of the important
cargo, the boat be used solely for transport purposes. In ad-
dition, the Japanese Navy suggests that three torpedoes made
available be taken by the German submarine, so that trials may be
made on them. In order to make transportation possible, the Jap-
anese propose that German torpedoes, if not all fired, should be
turned over to the Japanese to be stored in Penang. The Japanese
submarine is named IDA "29".
Chief, Naval Staff has decided that the operation planned for our
submarine after the exchange of goods cannot be cancelled. How-
ever, the boat will not be assigned to operations against convoys.
The Japanese are therefore to be informed that the danger in the
assigned operational area is not so great as in the 3ay of Biscay.
Naval Staff agrees with the suggestion regarding the three tor-
pedoes and with the Japanese proposal to shift the rendezvous to
33°S, 5U°E, with alternative 31°S, $Li°E on 10 Apr. at 1300 German
summer time. A directive to this effect is being sent to the
Naval Attache, Tokyo by telegram l/Skl I opa 65U/U3 Gkdos. Chefs;
copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XV.
Special Items;
I. Quartermaster Division issued service instructions to Admiral,
Landing Craft and ^ases and offices under his command on 19 Feb.
19U3. Copy as per l/Skl 6719/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part B, Vol. V
- 26 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II, On 10 Feb. a conference took place between Naval Staff and
the Air Force and Inspectors of the Air Force General attached to
Commander in Chief, Navy on the results of helicopter experiments
aboard the DRACHE in the Mediterranean. In order to help pro-
duction, the Air Force had requested the transfer of naval spe-
cialists or building facilities. On 3 Mar. Naval Staff replied
that the Navy was unable to provide specialists due to the short-
age of personnel and material in that sphere. Furthermore, it was
Naval Staff's understanding that Commander in Chief, Air Force had
assumed responsibility for the construction of any flying gear for
all branches of the Armed Forces. It was therefore requested that,
notwithstanding this situation, the demand for construction of the
prototype helicopter FL 282 be considered still effective and that
the established numbers be delivered.
Situation 3 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
North Atlantic;
A report from an agent reaffirms the fact that the total
launchings in England during Jan. 19^3 again comprised a remark-
able number of vessels of 900 to 1,100 GRT.
According to another intelligence report via "Ostrov", 69,000 men
were shipped from U.S. ports during the second half of Feb. As
most of their equipment was not shipped at the same time as the
men, it is assumed that these troops are not intended for an im-
mediate invasion but are reinforcements. Details of the escort
are not known. However, it is known with certainty that the es-
cort that took the RICHELIEU to Brooklyn has put out to sea again.
This included the cruiser SAVANNAH and the aircraft carrier
CHARGER. Two battleships accompanied the troop convoy, of which
one presumably crossed the Atlantic from North Africa or Gibraltar
at the beginning of Feb. They are probably the WASHINGTON and a
vessel of the IDAHO class.
Furthermore, the NEW MEXICO is said to have come back into service
in Jan. after several months1 repair and to have been attached to
this convoy. New troops are already at the loading positions, to
be embarked probably in three to four weeks, i.e. in the middle
of Mar.
According to an intelligence report from Spain, seven steamers
- 27 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
with war material and 7,000 Senegalese arrived at Casablanca from
Dakar between 12 and lli Feb, Other transports with Senegalese are
expected. About twelve U.S. destroyers and one cruiser are pre-
sumably stationed at Casablanca.
The JEAN BART has been raised but is not yet ready to sail. It is
said that she will be towed to Gibraltar. However, it is likely
that this report is a deception and that the ship will be taken to
the U.S.A. as was the RICHELIEU. The only ports in Morocco that
can be used for unloading war material are Safi and Fedhala. The
entrances are protected by mines.
Indian Ocean;
According to a delayed report from Louren^o Marques, a
large tanker convoy for Australia has assembled in Durban. A
large U.S. convoy of tankers is said to have passed Mombasa at
the end of Feb. in the direction of the Persian Gulf. A similar
convoy is said to have left Capetown for the same destination at
the beginning of Mar.
2. Own Situation;
According to the British radio, the tanker sunk by the
SUSSEX was the fifth blockade runner detected and sunk by the
Royal Navy within the last ten weeks, i.e. four in the Atlantic
and one in the Indian Ocean. This statement refers to the GER-
MANIA, the CORTELLAZZO, the RHAKOTIS and the HOHEN FRLEDBERG off
the Bay of Biscay, and the RAMSFS in the Indian Ocean. The
ANNELIESE ESSBERGER is not included as she was sunk by U.S. forces.
The ROSSBACH, WESERLAND, KARIN and IRENE have been ordered by
radiogram 2216 to cross a longitude 17° to the east and a latitude
at least 7° to the south of point "Schraube."
For the motorship ALSTERUFER a new list of camouflage ships has
been issued as per l/Skl I k 658/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. I.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance reported a convoy of 21 steamers with
U escort vessels 180 miles west-northwest of Lisbon on course 310°.
There have been no reconnaissance reports on the south coast of
England.
- 28 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
At 1800 there was an explosion of ammunition at the
Naval Ordnance Depot, St. Nazaire during the unloading of am-
munition damaged on 28 Feb. Casualties were caused.
Channel Coast:
During the night of 2 Mar. the 10th Motor Minesweeper
Flotilla cleared five EFA mines off Etaples. The loss of the
steamer FENTIVRE by long-range shelling and simultaneous PT boat
attack resulted in casualties on the steamer and on two patrol
boats.
At 2117 motor minesweeper R "187" was slightly damaged by a mine
on Route "Herz" between Boulogne and Etaples. The mine was de-
finitely observed to be an antenna type with float buoy.
Air Commander, Atlantic Coast plans to send out FW 200 planes on
h Mar. against the convoy detected off the Portuguese coast.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Two ELM/j mines were cleared on 2 and 3 Mar. south of
Heligoland. Minesweeper M "8" struck a floating mine with her
bow protection gear and was damaged. Details have not yet been
received.
Escort service was carried out according to plan. Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, North reports that the convoy route from the
Elbe to Terschelling has been heavily mined in the last days
with ELM/A mines. This is an only slightly improved acoustic
mine which, however, makes it necessary for the vessels of Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North to be provided with cracker
equipment and noise box (turbine).
In the evening numerous planes flew through the North German
coastal area; the attacks were centered on Hamburg. A supple-
mentary report states that two enemy planes were shot down by
naval anti-aircraft guns on 2 Mar. in the Brunsbuettel and
Wilhelmshaven sectors.
- 29 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19u3 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items t
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North reports that 66 ELM/j, 19
ELM/A and one ground mine were cleared during Feb. 19 U3. Fifteen
enemy air attacks were made on the forces of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, North and two PT boat engagements took place. One
enemy plane was shot down and three PT boats were sunk. Two
patrol boats were sunk by floating mines; one patrol boat, one
steamer and one fishing smack were sunk by UMA/K mines and two
steamers by ground mines. One torpedo-recovery vessel capsized
in a storm.
In escort service, 328 ships totalling 579,126 ORT were escorted,
152 of these, totalling 298,798 GRT, in convoys to Holland.
Twelve short escort trips were made for warships and submarines
and fifteen for supply ships.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
Lively air activity between the Faroes and the central
North Sea. Our reconnaissance for the QP convoy had to be dis-
continued owing to bad weather.
Own Situation;
It is now reported that on 27 Feb. a Russian battery on
the Rybachi Peninsula fired 129 rounds on an eastbound convoy. No
damage was done. Fire was returned by our batteries. On the same
day, the Cape Romanov battery fired Ii9 rounds on an enemy sub-
marine according to noise bearing. Enemy air attacks on Petsamo
on the morning and afternoon of 28 Feb. caused no damage.
In the Kirkenes area, air incursions were reported but no bombs
were dropped. Escort service was carried out according to plan.
Interrupted contact with the QP convoy was maintained by the five
assigned submarines. They have been hindered from attacking so
far by heavy drift ice.
The weather observation ship COBURG dropped anchor in Reppe Fjord
preparatory to starting Operation "Brausewetter".
Admiral, Northern Waters submits an extract from the transfer order
for the TIRPITZ, with the GALSTIP and JACOBI, from Trondheim to
Bogen Bay. The code name for the action will be "Rostock". The
transfer is planned to take place on 7 Mar.
- 30 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
It is now reported that, in view of the capture of the HOHEN FRIED-
BERG, Group West again proposed on 27 Feb. that the next blockade
runner be brought in on the northern route through the Iceland
Strait, taking advantage of the element of surprise and periods
of bad weather which are more frequent there than on Route "Anton",
Group North has submitted an operational order for the REGENSBURG
for a break through the northern passage. Naval Staff is in com-
mand as far as the line from the northern point of the Hebrides
to the southern point of Greenland; north of this line the Kiel
command station of Group North will be in command, after rendez-
vous with the escort forces Admiral, Northern Waters in Narvik.
The order will be delivered to the REGENSBURG by a submarine.
Before reaching point "Anton" (2^0 miles from 57°30' N, U3°10' W
on 239°) the REGENSBURG will receive directions from Group North
as to the routes through the Denmark Strait or south of Iceland
( "Hamilkar" or"Hannibal"). Rendezvous with three to four de-
stroyers is planned at point "Ceasar" (132 miles from 72°50' N,
ll^O* E on U5°). The 5th Air Force will make reconnaissance
flights in the area east of 20° W as weather permits. The ship
is to put in to Narvik.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
No mine sweeping in the Great Belt due to bad weather. The other
routes in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic were
checked according to plan. One mine was cleared by a Danish mine-
sweeper in the Little Belt. One ground mine was cleared in the
Kattegat.
Naval Staff has directed that gunboats K "1", "2" and "3" remain
at the disposal of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic until at
least four boats of the 21st Minesweeper Flotilla are ready for
action.
Naval Staff has also directed that Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
Baltic place six boats of the 9th or 11th Motor Minesweeper Flo-
tillas at the disposal of Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic from 15>
Mar. to 15 May. Details will be arranged direct between Group
North and North Sea Station. Copy of teletype, with note on di-
stribution of forces of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North, as
per l/Skl I op 61*3hA3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
Admiral, Baltic States has informed Naval Staff of a report to
Baltic Station on the site for emplacement of Battery "Prinz
Heinrich", which may be ready for firing about the end of April
if construction is carried out according to plan.
- 31 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Because of the small range of the guns, the site is 8 km. from
the front line and is seriously threatened by enemy airfields 25
km. away, especially since terrain conditions make it impossible
to sink the battery. Reinforcement of at present very limited
anti-aircraft defense will therefore be necessary. ( See teletype
1300).
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was very active.
Forty planes were detected. According to radio intelligence, an
unidentified steamer in the Cape area reported at 2lh0 that she
had been torpedoed and was sinking. Shortly after midnight, it
was learned that a second vessel from a convoy had been torpedoed.
Both reports are due to operations by our submarines.
2. Own Situation;
The operation against the convoy between Greenland and
Iceland was broken off. For further reports see "Supplement to
the Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had 132 planes out on operation in the
west area and 6 in the Mediterranean.
At ill 30 the molybdenum plant northeast of Egersund was attacked
by enemy planes and heavily damaged. In Air Force Area Command,
Western France two locomotives were damaged. An evening air raid
on Hamburg caused heavy damage to houses and considerable damage
to industrial plants, especially to the Vacuum Oil Company. Four
enemy planes are reported to have been shot down by anti-aircraft
fire and eight by night fighters. For further details see "Daily
Situation" .
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Ten enemy planes were shot down during the day. During
the night of 3 Mar. 15 bombers were sent out against ships and
port installations at Algiers. According to reports so far re-
ceived, seven planes reached their target. For results of
- 32 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
photographic reconnaissance of Phillipeville , Valetta, Port Said
and Suez, see "Daily Situation", The pictures indicate no change
in the situation.
3. Eastern Front t
On 2 Mar. eleven enemy planes were shot down over the
Army fronts. According to radio intelligence, eleven British
reconnaissance planes and one sea-rescue plane were in action on
2 Mar. at the spot where the steamer TP.OMOESUND was sunk. It is
therefore unlikely that the whole crew of the steamer has been
saved.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
According to Intelligence Center, Spain, the corvette
sunk on 22 Feb. by mines from submarine U "118" was probably the
K "22".
A convoy of 6 troop transports passed Tangier at noon on easterly
course. In the evening h destroyers left Gibraltar for the Medi-
terranean. Photographic interpretation of Valetta and Phillipe-
ville furnished no special information. There have been no sight-
ing reports from either the Western or the Eastern Mediterranean.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Three Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. There are no reports from our own submarines.
There were no operations by our PT boats because of bad weather
or by the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla, which is completing equip-
ment and repairs. Motor minesweepers R "12" and "13" were damaged
by air attack in the shipyard at Palermo. It is planned to tow
the boats to Naples.
Of the mines reported on 2 Mar. to have been dropped 8 miles east
of Bizerta, 3 were drifting on the surface and were sunk by Ital-
ian vessels. During channel sweeping off the Tunisian coast by
all available Italian forces, another mine exploded 7 miles east
of Bizerta in the vicinity of a minesweeper.
German Naval Command, Italy has ordered that a mine of this type
be salvaged. Another mine was cut west of Trapani. Four further
surface mines were observed.
- 33 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Submarine-chaser "2208" sailed at noon from Marseilles as escort
for the steamer LUIGI carrying Air Force material to Genoa.
Minesweeper M "602U" is expected in Spezia on the evening of 3
Mar, At noon minesweeper M "6022" entered Naples with six
auxiliary motor minesweepers.
At noon on 2 Mar, an enemy air attack was made on the town and
port of Tunis, No military damage was caused.
For the report of German Naval Command, Tunisia on the execution
as planned of the operation by the 3rd and 7th PT Boat Flotillas
on the night of 1 Mar. see teletype 2110, The 7th PT Boat Flo-
tilla fired 8 MTA torpedoes at a range of 5,000 m, on the harbor
entrance of Bone, When withdrawing a brief engagement with enemy
PT boats took place without results. Northeast of Cape Delgarde
the 3rd PT Boat Flotilla was detected by coastal searchlights and
opened fire with 2 cm. guns. Covering impacts from coastal guns
were evaded.
3. Sea Transport Situation:
Convoy COSTA, consisting of 3 steamers with 1 destroyer
and 2 torpedo boats, left Naples during the morning for Bizerta.
Additional escort by 2 corvettes was provided from Trapani. At
0900 war transports KT "13" and "lh", for the first time unescorted,
put out from Tunis for Palermo.
According to a report from German Naval Command, Italy, 3h ships
totalling 112,958 GET, not counting small vessels, were engaged in
African traffic during Feb. 19 1*3. Of these, 13 totalling 52,61*8
GRT or 1|6.6$ were lost. From Italian escort forces, 1 destroyer
and 1 torpedo boat were lost; 3 destroyers, 1 torpedo boat and 1
corvette were damaged.
The total amount of supplies shipped to Tunisia was 3k, 000 tons
of military supplies and lli,500 tons of fuel. In addition, al-
together 33,800 men were transferred by sea and air. Supply re-
quirements totalled 60,000 tons of military supplies and 28,000
tons of fuel. On six days sea traffic with Tunis was suspended
due to bad weather.
This month's balance is disturbing.
U, Area Naval Group South t
Aegean Sea:
An Italian torpedo boat located a mine barrage by echo-
ranging h miles from Keos, Admiral, Aegean Sea considers this
report doubtful.
- 3k - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff has issued the follow-
ing instructions:
The defensive power of Crete has been considerably increased
during recent months. It must therefore be expected that, if our
enemies decide on large-scale operations in the Eastern Mediter-
ranean, they will not attack Crete direct but will begin by trying
to take Rhodes and Scarpanto, thus preventing supply traffic with
Crete. At the same time, they may make continuous air raids on the
island's airfields and supply bases in an attempt to destroy stocks
of provisions and exhaust anti-aircraft ammunition.
Even a landing on the Peloponnesus is more likely than a direct
attack on Crete.
The Fuehrer has therefore ordered:
1.) Commanding General, Armed Forces, Southeast will exert
his influence to the utmost to convince Command Egeo and the
Italian 11th Army that the enemy will, in all probability, first
attack the Dodecanese islands or the Peloponnesus and that the
only successful defense will be to prevent the landing. This is
only possible, however, if the defense is established directly on
the coast, as it is on all coasts occupied by us.
2.) Stocks on Crete, including the Italian zone, are to be
raised as soon as possible to six months ' supply, especially of
foodstuffs not available on the island. Canned meat stocks can be
as low as allowed by possible resort to the numerous sheep on tl.3
island.
Concentrated and tropical-packaged food must be mainly used for
these provisions. It would be inexcusable for food to be spoiled
by storage.
3.) The Army Potions Office and Quartermaster General will
issue the necessary orders in accordance with the recommendations
of Commanding General, Armed Forces, Southeast and report thereon
to Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff. Calculations
must be based on the fact that in such a situation, apart from a
few submarines, supply by small vessels and plane will only be
possible occasionally (3,000 to U,000 tons per month).
ii.) The supplies must be protected from air raids and from
naval bombardment. It will therefore be necessary to stow them
in hollow shelters in the rocks even at the expense of construct-
ing combat stations.
- 35 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
5«) The supply of ammunition as provided up to now will
meet requirements if it is brought up to full quota and stowage
is mainly bulletproof. Anti-aircraft ammunition, however, will
be far from sufficient in case of an enemy attempt to take the
island only by air attack and cutting off supplies. The stock
of anti-aircraft ammunition must be built up so as to be able
to withstand several weeks of air raids and large-scale attack
(compare our attacks on Malta). A stock of reserve guns is
equally important.
Group South and Admiral, Aegean, with copy to German Naval Command,
Italy, have been informed by Naval Staff.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation;
Nothing special to report.
Own Situation:
Enemy transports sighted from the beachhead south of
Novorossisk were fired on by our guns. At Novorossisk demolition
was continued in cooperation with the 73rd Infantry Division.
Sea mines, depth charges and demolition blocks have been exhausted.
Operations by our own and Italian PT boats were cancelled on the
night of 3 Mar. owing to bad weather. Minesweeping operations
and convoys were stopped for the same reason.
A mine was cut on the convoy route Theodosia-Cape Takil. On the
Kerch-Taman route a Russian drifting inertia-contact mine was
exploded.
Naval landing craft space in the Strait of Kerch ferry traffic was
not fully utilized by the Army on 2 Mar. since the approach roads
were hardly passable. On 3 Mar. traffic had great difficulty in
tying up due to heavy seas. Only 26 naval landing craft were em-
ployed and made I; 3 crossings.
The following were ferried to the west: 1,592 soldiers, 207
prisoners, 337 civilians, 1, \\$\x horses, 93 motorized and 297
horse-drawn vehicles. The departure of naval landing craft for
Anapa was postponed by 2li hours.
Admiral, Black Sea reports that the Azov transport operations
ordered by the Fuehrer can be effectively carried out only if
transport ships are available as well as naval landing craft.
- 36 - CONFIDENTIAL
3 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
It is therefore essential that the production of war transports
at Nikolayev be expedited. Failure in meeting schedules to date
is attributed to breakdown in material deliveries. The estimated
date of completion of the first ship by 1 June is very late and
even this is doubtful. Furthermore, Admiral, Black Sea reports
that the Army and Air Force are claiming the tankers, which have
so far been used for the Navy, for their own fuel transport.
Increased use of small vessels from Sevastopol on will, therefore,
be necessary (see teletype 03U2)#
VIII. Situation East Asia,
The Military Attache, Bangkok reports:
The aim of current Japanese operations in China is to prevent the
establishment of enemy air bases near the coast.
Japanese residents in Bangkok expect American air attacks from
combined carrier forces on the main Japanese Islands in the middle
of July. Counter-measures are being prepared. It is expected
that the Japanese offensive against Russia will be launched at the
beginning of July. The function of the Japanese Army group in the
New Guinea area is essentially defensive. Estimates of the situ-
ation are optimistic. Attempt at close cooperation with Axis
offices.
- 37 - CONFIDENTIAL
U Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
The First Lord of the Admiralty stated on 3 Mar. in the House of
Commons that German submarine production is probably still higher
than the number of submarines destroyed, though the difference is
steadily decreasing. The results of anti-submarine warfare during
the last four months were the best of the war and best of all dur-
ing February, while shipping losses during the past three months
had been much lower than in the corresponding period of last year.
The convoys to Russia have so far cost two cruisers, six small
warships, many merchantmen and many valuable lives. According to
careful estimates, the Germans and Italians have lost to date some
five million GRT of merchant shipping. During 19^2 more than half
the attacks by which submarines had been damaged or destroyed were
made by planes. In spite of the great number available, additional
escort ships are urgently needed. This sector of production will
be given priority over all others. In spite of heavy losses Great
Britain now has many more destroyers and submarines than at the
beginning of the war. Battleship strength has been maintained at
the same level as it was at the beginning of the war, while cruiser
losses have not been fully made good by new constructions. The
corvette fleet at present numbers over 200 vessels.
The Statistical Institute at Oxford calculates that 29 million
GRT of shipping are now available to the Allies. Gross losses to
date amount to 18 million tons.
According to Reuter, Ghandi has ended his 21-day hunger strike.
The British Government's unyielding attitude has thus proved
itself.
Finland t
Hakkila has failed to form a government. Professor Linkomies has
now been entrusted with this task. He is a right winger. His
personality appears more favorable to German interests.
According to a Swedish press report, Finnish interest in a sepa-
rate peace has markedly cooled. Confidence in Germany is said to
be on the increase since the general mobilization. Leading Fin-
nish circles are again hoping for a decisive defeat of Bolshevism.
Ryti's speech is said to have contributed considerably to the
collapse of rumors about a separate peace.
U.S.Ai
The Government has suggested to the British Government that an
Anglo-American conference be held in Ottawa to discuss the problem
- 38 - CONFIDENTIAL
h Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
of refugees, oppressed peoples and immediate assistance for the
Jews in Europe.
An additional appropriation of over ii billion dollars has been
voted for the U.S. Navy. By the middle of 19 Ui there will be
2,800,000 officers and men serving in the U.S. Navy. In Con-
gress, Secretary of the Navy Knox demanded a Navy strong enough
to control all the seas of the world.
Spain;
Chief, Foreign Affairs/intelligence Division has reported to
Armed Forces High Command on the result of his conference with
General Vigon on ll* and 15 Feb. in Madrid. Copy to Chief, Naval
Staff as per l/Skl 565 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, File
"Gisela".
His report states that, at the present time, there are no definite
indications of an Allied landing operation on the Iberian Penin-
sula. The competent Spanish authorities have no apprehension in
this regard. The Spanish military authorities in particular can
be relied upon to advise us as soon as there are any indications
of Allied plans against the Iberian Peninsula. Military consider-
ations as to foregoing a landing may not be decisive. It is dif-
ficult to judge how far political considerations may weigh. In
any case, the possibility of a military action, perhaps at first
only in Portugal, must not be overlooked. Spain has called up
another 350,000 men.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Chief, Naval Communications Division reports that operational
commands have suggested the possibility of detecting inaudible
frequencies by inserting an optical eye into the radar inter-
ception gear. All submarines will be speedily provided with opti-
cal eyes, probably within this month.
II. On the proposal of the Bureau of Naval Administration,
Quartermaster Division plans to use the SCHLESWIG HOLSTEIN and
the SCHLESIEN as training ships.
Chief, Naval Staff concurs.
In compliance with enquiries from the Fuehrer, Quartermaster
General reports that transfer to the Black Sea of the artillery
barges capable of being dismantled cannot be accomplished sooner
than April and that the war transports are not equipped with four-
- 39 - CONFIDENTIAL
k Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
barreled guns because these are not available in sufficient number.
The ships have already produced remarkable results with their 3.7
cm. guns.
III. Chief, Naval Staff reports that Reich Minister Speer has
promised to increase the Navy's iron quota by 1*0,000 tons and
that he will try to obtain the rest from the Fuehrer. Minister
Speer has given instructions that a Siebel ferry quota of 7,000
tons per month is to be assigned to the Navy.
IV. Chief, Maritime Branch, Operations Division continued his
report on the operational control of independent merchant ship-
ping.
In a Highly Restricted Circle;
V. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division;
a.) The transfer of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla to the west
area is under way. Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West
reports danger of mines due to a new mine offensive by
the enemy. The decision lies with Group West which or-
dered this movement since convoys using this route dur-
ing last night were undisturbed. The critical period is
the passing of the Dunkirk barrier. Cherbourg is planned
as the first port. PT boat flotillas have been assigned
as flank escort.
b.) Group North's operational order on the transfer of the
SCHARNHORST has been received. For copy, see War Diary,
2 Mar.
c.) Group North has approved the transfer of the TIRPITZ to
Bogen Bay after 7 Mar. In spite of doubts in regard to
furance oil, Naval Staff recommends approval, which has
been given by Chief, Naval Staff.
d.) Admiral Bertoldi has advised that the Italians are unable
to carry out submarine escort in to Toulon. Toulon is
ready to receive four submarines.
VI. Chief, Operations Division reports that at the end of April
it will be possible to start submarine supply from Japanese ports
for operations in the Indian Ocean. The question of provisions
requires special consideration. Commanding Admiral, Submarines
is to find out whether it will be possible to equip the submarines
so that replenishment of provisions will not be necessary.
VII. Chief of Staff, Naval Staff reported on the intention of
Commander in Chief, Air Force to disband the offices of the Air
- 1*0 - CONFIDENTIAL
U Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Force General attached to Commander in Chief, Navy and of the
Inspector (Sea), The Navy might approve this plan if the func-
tions of these two offices were included in a similar new organ-
ization.
Chief, Naval Staff will make a decision as soon as the requested
conference with the Air Force General attached to Commander in
Chief, Navy has taken place.
Special Items:
I. A conference was held on 2 Mar. between Naval Staff and the
General, Air Reconnaissance concerning the technical possibilities
of Atlantic reconnaissance in 19u3/Ui. Not much effective long-
range reconnaissance can be expected before fall 19U3. Copy is
contained as per l/Skl I L 6632/1*3 Gkdos. in Files l/Skl I L 9/II
Gkdos.
II. On 2 Mar. it was observed that aerial mines were dropped into
water more than liO m. deep in the Bizerta area. During check
sweeping operations, a mine exploded in the vicinity of a mine-
sweeper. Non-contact firing is therefore assumed. Naval Staff
has informed Groups North, West and South, Naval Commands, North,
Baltic and Norway, Admiral, Aegean and Commanding Admiral, De-
fenses, Baltic, with copy to German Naval Commands, Italy and
Tunisia, indicating that these mines may also be expected in
other theaters of war.
III. A summary of data on the enemy obtained by radio deciphering
and radio intelligence from 22 to 28 Feb. is given in Radio Mon-
itoring Report No .9 A3.
Situation h Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
North Atlantic:
A U.S. formation consisting of aircraft transport KITTY-
HAWK, carriers CROATIN and CARAVAN and two destroyers arrived in
Freetown at the end of Jan. Two cruisers, which escorted this
formation, continued on to Monrovia. Two days later the forma-
tion put out to the south, making either for the Indian Ocean or
for Australia. A transport command was embarked on the KITTYHAWK
- Ul - CONFIDENTIAL
h Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
to direct loading in Casablanca, Dakar, Freetown, Bathurst, Duala
and Lages. Particularly coastal traffic with French ports from
Dakar to Brazzaville is to be reorganized. For this purpose,
small coastal vessels are expected from North America,
At the beginning of Feb, the cruiser SHROPSHIRE, flying the Aus-
tralian flag, called at Freetown, She was escorting a convoy and
is now proceeding to Australia,
2. Own Situation:
Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff reports that
the Fuehrer has approved Naval Staff's plans for the blockade
running service as reported on 2 Mar, ( See War Diary, 2 Mar,
Special Items I),
Naval Staff intends to have the DOGGERBANK sail via the neutral
route to Lisbon until the Portuguese coast is reached and then
probably inside the three mile limit to the north. Since coop-
eration with Submarine Division has been greatly simplified by
the transfer to Berlin, Naval Staff will, as an exception, retain
command until the ship arrives off Cape Finisterre and will only
then turn over the command to Group West, Group West has been
informed to this effect and advised that the DOGGERBANK will prob-
ably start her passage east on 17 Mar, in grid square CE 78 and
may be expected off Cape Villano on 23 Mar, She is to be brought
in by destroyers. In addition, Group West has been requested to
arrange for long-range reconnaissance from 20 Mar, by the 3rd Air
Force off the Portuguese coast to the west on the presumed ap-
proach route of the DOGGERBANK. Copy as per teletype l/Skl I k
683/U3 Gkdos, Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II b.
The DOGGERBANK has received the following order from Naval Staff:
For Commander only:
1.) Coming east from the U.S.A. the neutral channel divides out
at 39 °W, 3U°N into three routes. The southern one leads from
this point to Gibraltar, the central one to Lisbon and the north-
ern one through the Azores to Cape Ortegal.
2,) Ships coming from South America and bound for Northern Spain
sail from the Canary Islands on course 25>° to the intersection
with the central route mentioned under 1.); from there direct
course to Vigo,
3,) The northern route runs through the Azores where there are
always British warships and is therefore out of the question for
the DOGGERBANK.
- U2 - CONFIDENTIAL
U Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
li.) The most appropriate route will be the central one or between
it and the southern route. It is known from experience that neu-
tral vessels do not keep to the routes very accurately. The ship
will turn north either on the route leading from the Canary Is-
lands to Vigo or not until she is near the coast but just out of
sight of it.
5.) Naval Staff thinks that the following procedure will be the
most opportune:
a.) By day, camouflage to resemble British or American ship
separated from convoy and making for Gibraltar;
b„) By night, camouflage to resemble neutral vessel making
for Lisbon. In this case lights will be on and neutral
identity marks illuminated. Further directions on this
point will follow.
6.) Information on the enemy situation will follow.
The PIETRO ORSEOLO has been ordered by radiogram 1016 to hold a
course between 30° and 50° west of the longitude of "Genova" and
to the south of 6° south of the latitude of "Genova". All ships
in foreign waters have been informed of the enemy situation by
radiogram 1303.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
At 1155 our air reconnaissance detected a convoy, con-
sisting of 50 steamers with 1 destroyer, 10 escort vessels and 1
flying boat, 200 miles west of Vigo on course 170°. The convoy
was attacked by two FW 200 planes. At 1250* a convoy of 20 ships
with 1 destroyer and 5 escort vessels was sighted 1*50 miles west
of Oporto on course 350°. This convoy was also attacked.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
An ELM/j mine was cleared in the Gironde estuary by a
mine -exploding vessel and another ELM/j mine in grid square BF
6865 lower right.
A supplementary report from Group West on the enemy air attack on
St. Nazaire on 28 Feb. states that all detached buildings in the
- U3 - CONFIDENTIAL
U Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
naval dockyard have been burned down. Submarine repair is diffi-
cult but is proceeding. About 60$ of the houses in the town have
been destroyed or rendered uninhabitable. A smoke-laying boat
sank in the harbor. The closing of the lock due to breakdown of
electric power has been remedied.
The tanker SUDETENLAND is being moved from Nantes to Donges in
order to take on supplies and will be ready for operations from
6 Mar.
Group West has forwarded a report from Admiral, Atlantic Coast
which reveals that the Feb. deadlines for the naval anti-aircraft
program have already been exceeded and those for Mar. and Apr.
cannot be met. The explanation for this is as follows:
1.) The question of procuring manpower through the Todt Organi-
zation is still unsettled. The Organization has no additional
manpower available. The only solution would be to draw labor
from installations under construction, which is a matter for the
decision of the 7th Army Command.
2.) A decision in regard to the request for assignment of two
naval construction battalions has not yet been issued.
3.) The same applies to the assignment of nine labor service de-
tachments.
h.) Investigations at Lorient have not yet been completed because
the 17th Infantry Division has raised objections. Consequently,
the new schedule for settling outstanding matters, which was or-
dered for 6 Mar., cannot be submitted either.
The report shows that no progress has yet been made in the
urgent expansion of anti-aircraft defense of the submarine
bases, which the Fuehrer ordered at the end of Jan. Naval
Staff considers that this is an impossible situation and
that strong measures must be taken to remove the evident
obstacles.
Channel Coast t
The convoy route south of Boulogne has been closed owing
to the presence of moored mines.
Six boats of the 5th PT Boat Flotilla were operating from 1830 on
the convoy route off Lyme Bay. The 2nd, Vth and 6th PT Boat Flo-
tillas carried out an exploratory torpedo operation in grid square
AN 8Ulii during the night of h Mar.
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h Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla reports that the magnetic condition of
its vessels has already deteriorated to a marked degree within a
week and that this should be urgently remedied. Up to now it has
not been possible to procure short circuit rectifiers nor has
there been time to install them.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Mine-exploding vessels, minesweepers and a minesweeping
plane cleared nine ELM/j mines in the Heligoland Bight.
The 12th Patrol Boat Flotilla detonated 97 drifting mines between
23 Feb. and 2 Mar. Convoy traffic was carried out according to
plan.
The NETTELBECK and nine boats of the 1st Motor Minesweeper Flo-
tilla left Amsterdam for Kiel. Torpedo boats T w2" and T "5"
transferred from the Hook of Holland to Dunkirk. Motor mine-
sweepers R "85" and R "10li" are en route from Ijmuiden to Borkura.
The Elbe is closed between Stade and Hamburg due to danger of
mines.
At 1030, 37 enemy bombers attacked Rotterdam. Ten bombs fell in
the dockyard area. War industry damage is slight. 115 high-ex-
plosive bombs fell on the railroad line Schiedam-Vladingen.
Traffic was temporarily stopped. Two of the attackers were shot
down by fighters.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
According to an intelligence report from Lisbon, a con-
voy from the U.S.A. is said to be expected in Murmansk in the
middle of Mar.
Own Situation;
It is reported as of 26 Feb. that batteries on the Ry-
bachi Peninsula fired on an escort vessel and a fjord boat with-
out causing any damage. On 1 Mar. 65 rounds were fired at the
entrance to the fjord and on the same day 175 rounds were fired
at an eastbound convoy without effect. Fire was returned with
119 rounds and hits were observed.
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1* Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Enemy air activity in the area of Kristiansand South and Bergen
is reported on 3 Mar. Bombs were dropped in the area of Egersund
on the Knabe quarry. Further incursions were made into the Feie-
stein-Obrestadt area.
At 0300 the CP convoy was in grid square AC 1*351*. Sinking pros-
pects are not good because of drift ice. The latest shadowing
report gives the enemy's position as about 100 miles south-south-
west of Bear Island at 2315.
Group North has advised Naval Staff, for information, of its re-
quest to Commanding General, Air Force Command, Center for imme-
diate confirmation that he will take over the escort for Operation
"Paderborn" in addition to other naval tasks.
Naval Staff's views on the pros and cons of transferring the TIR-
FITZ from Trondheim to Narvik are set out as per l/Skl op 676/1*3
Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a. Naval Staff pro-
poses that the move be made but emphasizes that the fuel oil
stocks at the Norwegian bases may not be sufficient thereafter to
refuel the ships to capacity after an operation.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, 3altic Sea.
The patrol line in the Skagerrak is occupied by four boats, the
Hanstholm barrage gap by two boats. Minelayer SKAGERRAK arrived
in Kristiansand South together with gunboat K "1". Twenty- two
boats and five mine -exploding vessels were engaged in channel
sweeping in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic. A
Danish minesweeper cleared a ground mine off Svendborg. Escort
service was carried out according to plan.
Group North has advised Naval Staff, for information, of orders
for carrying out Operation "Klein Erna" (see teletype 13l*7).
On 3 Mar. there was a large amount of truck traffic over the ice
in Kronstadt Bay. Our own and the enemy's air activity was
lively. Peterhof was shelled by the enemy. Ships in Lavansaari
were attacked with 18 SC 50 bombs.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Lively air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay; 3l* planes
were observed. Our submarines were reported off French Guiana,
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h Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
130 miles south-southeast of Cape Orange, and 75 miles west of
the YJindward Passage. SOS calls from an unidentified U.S. steamer
90 miles east-northeast of Bahia were picked up ( probably a suc-
cessful German or Italian submarine action).
2. Own Situation:
Group "Wildfang" with 9 boats, Group "Burggraf" with 15
boats, Group "Tuemmler" with 7 boats and Group "Robbe" with h
boats are operating in the North Atlantic.
Groups "Wildfang" and "Burggraf" are operating between grid
squares AJ 5713 and BD II6I4 to intercept SC and HX convoys. An
SC convoy is expected on 5 Mar.
Group "Tuemmler" was assigned to intercept a convoy from America
to Gibraltar, but according to dead reckoning it must have already
passed the patrol line.
Group "Robbe" is west of the Straits of Gibraltar. It is diffi-
cult to keep this position because of the great risk of air at-
tack. No reports have been received from the Group so far.
Group "Neuland" is being re-formed and on 7 Mar. it will take up
position from grid square AK 6685 to BE 1521 in order to inter-
cept ON and ONS convoys.
During passage to the east coast of North America, submarine U
"172" sank a 9,000 GRT ammunition steamer on course 100° in grid
square CD 3236, and U "115" sank the British motorship CALIFORNIA
STAR on course U5°, with a cargo of butter and meat for Great
Britain, in grid square CD 32U5.
In the West Indies, U "185" has been assigned as operational
areas grid squares DM 80 and 90, DN 70, EB 20 and 30, and EC 10.
During the night of 2 Mar. U "l60" intercepted a southeast bound
convoy of 10 steamers with 3 escort vessels in the Cape area,
sinking u of the steamers and 1 tanker, totalling 32,000 GRT, and
probably sinking 2 more steamers totalling 16,000 GRT. All ships
were fully laden. This action shows that convoy traffic is also
being maintained in the Cape area, although it does not seem to
be strongly escorted. The submarine reports daytime traffic south
of Durban by fast, unaccompanied vessels and small convoys, and
escort by naval and air forces on the 200 meter line as well as
incoming and outgoing escort up to grid square KZ 1336. On I4 Mar.
U "506" observed four steamers with destroyers and air escort in
grid square KY 56UO. The Capetown submarines were informed that
a U.S. convoy was to sail from there for the Persian Gulf about
5 Mar. The present area of operations has been extended to the
south as far as the latitude of grid square JJ 7^82.
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h Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV., which will again be
appended daily to War Diary, Part A from today.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had 285 planes, mainly fighters, on
operation in the west area and 8 in the Mediterranean.
The two convoys detected by our reconnaissance off the Portuguese
coast were attacked. One steamer was sunk, two others probably
damaged. The escort forces and the flying boat put up strong
anti-aircraft defense.
Enemy planes were very active in the west area during the day.
Two flights of five to six Mosquitoes attacked railroads and re-
pair works in the Maubeuge and Le Mans area. Twenty to twenty-
five Fortresses flew over Westphalia via Vlieland-Rheine-Muenster-
Hamm. Forty high-explosive bombs were dropped on Hamm and caused
considerable industrial damage. Our fighters shot down ten of the
attackers. Another was shot down by anti-aircraft fire. Thirty
more Fortresses attacked the Wilton Shipyard in Rotterdam. For
details, see "Situation West Area." Around noon other bombers and
fighters flew at high altitude over the Vlieland area, but turned
off to the west without taking action. A fighter formation that
penetrated into the Dunkirk-Calais area also went off without
attacking.
In the evening 109 enemy planes entered German- controlled territory,
10 over the Baltic as far as Elbing, h over the Heligoland Bight,
22 over Northern and Western France and 13 over the Atlantic coast.,
all of them presumably on minelaying operations. Fifteen planes
made nuisance raids on the Rhine-Westphalian industrial area, con-
centrating on Bochum.
A reprisal raid was made on London by 117 of our planes in three
waves. Since the weather was not very favorable, the attack is
not likely to have had especially good effect. Six of our planes
were lost.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
In the afternoon 19 of our fighter-bombers were on oper-
ation in the Medenine area of the southern Tunisian front. In
the evening lh Ju 88 planes attacked ships in Phillipeville har-
bor and scored hits on three steamers.
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h Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
At IJUI4.5 our CATARINA COSTA convoy was unsuccessfully bombed by 15
enemy planes. The convoy escort consisted of Ul Me and 6 Ju 88
planes*
3* Eastern Front:
Nothing special to report.
VII* Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea*
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
The convoy of 6 troop transports reported off Tangier
at noon on 3 Mar. passed Ceuta on the same day sailing towards
the Mediterranean. On k Mar., about mid-day, k destroyers and,
in the afternoon, 1 passenger ship sailed from Gibraltar for the
Atlantic. Minesweeping activity was observed in the Straits of
Gibraltar in the morning. At lliOO there were in the harbor: 2
battleships, 1 carrier, 1 cruiser, 1 minelayer, 1 auxiliary
cruiser in dock, 12 destroyers, 16 corvettes, 10 escort vessels,
1 cable layer, 6 transports, 8 tankers and 6l freighters; 212
planes were counted. No sighting reports have been received from
the Central and Eastern Mediterranean.
An intelligence report from Aden via Naval Intelligence Station,
Istanbul states that there is continuous air transport traffic
from Beirut to Cyprus and that troops and material are being con-
centrated in Krysuko for a simultaneous attack on Castelrosso and
Rhodes*
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Three Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area.
On 27 Feb. submarine U "593" fired a spread of four torpedoes,
which missed, against the escort of a convoy consisting of 5 steam-
ers and 6 escort vessels, in grid square CP 7171*5 on 3 Mar. she
fired a spread of three torpedoes which missed in grid square CP
7177 and at 23^0 scored a probable hit on a ii,000 GRT steamer in
grid square CP 7U31* On 3 Mar. at noon U "596" fired a spread of
three torpedoes, which missed, on an eastbound cruiser of the
LONDON class in grid square CH 8287*
U "77" was ordered to operate in grid square CH 9ln For further
reports see "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in War Diary,
Part B, Vol* IV.
- k9 - CONFIDENTIAL
h Mar. 10^3 CONFIDENTIAL
The 3rd and 7th FT Boat Flotillas were not on operation on account
of bad weather. Only one boat of the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flo-
tilla is in sailing readiness since, of the three boats which up
to now have been operational, one has reported out of action due
to engine trouble and one due to a leak caused by a mine explosion.
On 2 Mar. the Italian minesweeper group at Bizerta cut and salvaged
a Mark VI type mine with 6 m. upper antenna and 100 m. mooring rope
10 miles east of Bizerta. Naval Staff has forwarded this infor-
mation to the other operational commands.
On 3 Mar. the first harbor defense boat of the Bizerta Harbor De-
fense Group took up position for the first time. Submarine-chaser
"2208" entered Genoa on the afternoon of h Mar. Minesweeper M
"602ii" moved from Spezia to Leghorn. Minesweeper M "6022" is re-
pairing in Naples, while the auxiliary motor minesweepers are
continuing their passage alone.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
Five destroyers with German troops aboard put in to Tunis
in the morning and, after disembarking the troops, put to sea again
at once. During the night of 3 Mar. the convoy COSTA was detected
by enemy air reconnaissance and attacked by torpedo bombers. At
noon another attack was made by bombers. No damage was caused.
h* Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
Situation report has not been received.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
No new reports.
Own Situation:
The weather was too bad for convoy and transport traffic
to be resumed. For the same reason it was not possible for German
or Italian FT boats to operate on the night of li Mar. The sailing
of the naval landing craft to Anapa was delayed for a further 2k
hours •
Loading of the Strait of Kerch ferries at Taman and the fish salt-
ing plant was rendered very difficult by heavy seas and offshore
winds. Five naval landing craft were damaged by heavy seas.
- 50 - CONFIDENTIAL
h Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
After that only 13 were used and made 19 crossings. The roads to
Tainan and to the fish salting plant are in bad condition so that
troops can only be brought up very slowly. On 5 Mar. bombers are
to be used to break up the still heavy ice layer in Senaya Bay.
On U Mar. 1,1*36 soldiers, 191 prisoners, 312 civilians, 1,396
horses, 8U motorized and 328 horse-drawn vehicles etc. were fer-
ried to the west.
In regard to the employment of submarines in the Black Sea, Group
South and Admiral, Black Sea have received the following instruc-
tions from Naval Staff:
Disposition exclusively off the coast in area of heavy traf-
fic, at present approximately between Tuapse and Pizundaj
no special assignments off naval ports for the purpose of
attacks on naval forces alone, likewise no operations in
the open sea or as a defensive measure.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
- 51 - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
The Admiralty announced in the House of Lords that the following
warships have been lost since the beginning of the war: 5 battle-
ships, 7 aircraft carriers, 25 cruisers, lit. auxiliary cruisers, °Ii
destroyers, lU corvettes, hk submarines, 1 monitor, 8 sloops, 22
minesweepers, 156 trawlers, lit drifters, 1 minelayer, 3 yachts, 5
gunboats and 3 cutters.
The Chief of the British Shipping Mission in the U.S.A. considers
that the gravity of the Allied shipping situation lies in the fact
that new construction is not keeping sufficiently ahead of losses.
Merchantmen built by the Americans in 19 h2 amounted to 8 million
GRT. In the same period 3-U million GRT were constructed in Brit-
ish and Canadian shipyards. Estimated total construction in 19 h3
is 19 million GRT.
All these figures are higher than those previously available
to us. They would check if these new figures referred to
dead weight tons,
Spain;
On h Mar, the Spanish authorities seized the French post and tele-
graph office in Tangier.
Finland;
The new Linkomies Government has been formed,
Portugal;
Salazar declared that Portugal's attitude towards Bolshevism was
unchanged. There was no acute military threat from the Allies,
Persia;
Negotiations for an American/Iranian security pact have been
opened in Teheran,
China;
Chungking has decided to break off diplomatic relations with
Vichy.
- 52 - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar. 19 U3 CONHTu/.TI't,
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations division on
the Fuehrer's instructions in regard to Crete as per notes in War
Diary, 3 Mar,
II. Chief, Naval Communications Division reports that the sep-
aration of the code systems for the Atlantic and the Mediterranean
areas has been completed. Equipment of the vessels with the new
codes will take eight weeks.
III. Quartermaster General reports that, according to information
from the Naval Liaison Office attached to Commanding General,
Armed Forces, South, the latter intends to contest Naval Staff's
right to issue orders concerning naval warfare in the Central
Mediterranean and has already applied to this effect to Armed
Forces High Command. Furthermore, Quartermaster General states
that the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping is still trying
to intrude in the control of merchant shipping in the Mediterra-
nean beyond the agreed arrangements. Chief, Naval Staff plans a
conference on this matter with Commanding General, Armed Forces,
South on the occasion of his intended visit to the Mediterranean.
He is not willing to permit any trespass on his sphere of author-
ity.
IV. Report by Operations Division, Foreign Affairs Section con-
cerning the request of the Foreign Office that no action be taken
against Chilean merchantmen, even if they are sailing in convoy,
in order to avoid unfavorable reactions on Argentina. Chief, Na-
val Staff has agreed that the instructions to submarine commanders
be modified accordingly. Further details are contained in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
V. Report by Chief, Organization and Mobilisation Branch, Quar-
termaster Division on organization of the Navy.
In a Highly Restricted Circle;
VI. Chief, Operations Division proposed that radar gear and op-
erators be taken out to incoming blockade runners by submarine.
Chief, Naval Staff concurred.
The question of whether the DOGGERBANK's fuel supply would be
sufficient for her also to be sent through the northern passage
is being investigated.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West, attached (temporarily, Tr.N.)
to German Naval Command, Italy, has submitted a detailed report
on the escort situation in the Tunisian supply traffic, attaching
53 - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
an experience report by Lt. Cdr. von Kamptz, as escort officer,
and giving a clear exposition of the problems to be solved and
proposals for their solution. The report sums up as follows:
"The Tunisian traffic is a decisive factor in the war. Presently
available escort facilities are wholly inadequate both at sea and
in the air. The convoys cannot be protected to an even approxi-
mately satisfactory degree. It is therefore necessary to concen-
trate on especially valuable convoys in order that at least these
may be fairly well protected. In view of the danger of attack by
surface forces, which might be particularly disastrous, flanking
barrages must be improved as soon as possible. In addition to
other measures which have already been introduced ( increase in
number of vessels, improvement of minesweeping and communication
service and submarine chase etc.) the training and armament of
Italian vessels must be improved. The situation will become '
still more serious, since the British are not yet attacking as
heavily as in the Channel. The convoys can be taken through with
relatively small losses only if a strong, determined and well-
armed naval escort is provided, if the transports also are well-
armed and not too slow and if strong air cover is furnished by
day. The performance of the Italian escort vessels can be im-
proved to some extent by interchange of officers between German
and Italian vessels, by training the Italian officers in German
gunnery courses and by armoring the Italian vessels. It is prob-
able that the use of exclusively German-manned vessels would
rouse the Italians to better achievements."
Naval Staff has forwarded the demands resulting from this report
to Quartermaster Division with the request that they be taken up
if this has not already been done. Naval Staff pointed out that
it is particularly urgent that the standard of material and per-
sonnel efficiency of the escort forces be improved, especially in I
the case of the Italians. The questions of Air Force operations
and improvement of the flanking barrages in the Sicilian Channel
will be followed up by Operations Division. The question of
transferring large motor minesweepers will be decided as soon as
a way to accomplish this has been found. The transfer of coastal
minelayers must be postponed for the present, as already stated.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West will report in person to Chief,
Naval Staff in Berlin on 9 Mar.
A draft memorandum was submitted in accordance with the Fuehrer's
request for an estimate by Naval Staff of the consequences to
Army operations of the loss of further iron and steel producing
areas and of an insufficient allocation for the Navy. Copy as
per l/Skl 6U2/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. IX.
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5 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
VII. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division:
a.) On the occasion of General Warliraont 's visit to Rome,
the Italians submitted a series of requests in regard to arms
supply etc. The following naval matters were raised:
1,) Increase of the number of German submarines in the
Mediterranean,
2,) Assignment of 8 torpedo chasers, 12 PT boats and
30 fast minesweepers; it is not clear whether these
vessels are to be given to the Italians or whether
they are to operate in the Mediterranean with Ger-
man crews,
3«) Delivery of protective nets for steamers on Tunis-
ian traffic.
k*) Delivery of depth charges, range finders, "Freya"
sets, direction indicators, rapid direction- find-
ing gear, radar firing gear and minesweeping gear.
The matter will be followed up by Quartermaster Division in coop-
eration with Operations Division,
b.) Group North has added the BEITZEN to the vessels in-
cluded in the operational order for the transfer of the SCHARN-
HORST. BEITZEN was withdrawn from the northern area for major
overhaul to be begun in mid-March and is now at Aarhus on her way
south. Naval Staff objects to this plan in view of the resultant
increase in fuel requirements for the action and of the postpone-
ment of the dockyard period and proposes that the BEITZEN go no
further north than is unavoidably demanded by the situation.
Chief, Naval Staff concurs. Instructions to this effect have
been sent to Group North, Copy as per l/Skl I op 667/1*3 Gkdos.
Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a,
c.) The Naval Attache, Tokyo reports that the former Mili-
tary Attache in Berlin, Brigadier General Okamoto, will arrive in
Berlin in the middle of April in order to inform Ambassador Oshima
on Japan's actual situation and to gain information for the Japan-
ese General Staff on the European situation, since General Banzai' s
report was inadequate for an assessment of this.
Special Items;
I, For a summary l/Skl opa 692/h3 Gkdos, Chefs, of the status
of arrangements for a German- Japanese submarine rendezvous, see
War Diary, Part C, Vol. XV,
- 55 - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II, At a meeting with Commander in Chief, Navy on 2 Mar. Air
Commander, Atlantic Coast stated, amongst other things, that as
regards the operations of the 5th Group, Loth Bomber Wing a marked
deterioration of the air situation over the Biscay area is becom-
ing noticeable, as the combat characteristics of the Ju 88 C VI
planes are undoubtedly inferior to those of the enemy types en-
countered. Air Commander, Atlantic Coast said that he was no
longer able to provide effective protection against enemy air at-
tack for incoming and outgoing submarines and that he intended to
report accordingly to Chief, Air Force General Staff, Chief,
Naval Staff thereupon pointed out that the equipment of Air Com-
mander, Atlantic Coast with the best heavy fighter plane available
is an imperative necessity for the continuation of submarine war-
fare, the more so since the submarines' radar interception gear
can apparently no longer detect locations by enemy planes because
they have gone over to new wave lengths. Thus the enemy is again
able to take the submarines by surprise.
Naval Staff has forwarded to Commander in Chief, Air Force, Opera-
tions Staff the request of Commander in Chief, Navy that Air Com-
mander, Atlantic Coast be equipped with the best type of plane
available. Copy as per letter l/Skl I L 6501A3 Gkdos. in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. V.
Situation 5 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation!
According to an intelligence report, a convoy with Bra-
zilian troops entered Dakar on h Mar.
An intelligence report from Spain states that at lliOO on k Mar.
Spanish air reconnaissance sighted 8 vessels, including 2 warships
with a plane and 2 large steamers, on northerly course in the vic-
inity of the Canary Islands, west of Fuerte Ventura.
An "RRRM signal was intercepted from a U.S. steamer in the Indian
Ocean about 300 miles southeast of the southern point of Madagascar,
The signal was later cancelled.
2. Own Situation;
At 2136 a short signal from the KARIN was received, of
which only the position report, 28° S, 10° W, could be definitely
deciphered. Further decoding efforts are being made. Relative
confirmation to the KARIN was given by radiogram 00U2.
- 56 - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar, 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
The REGENSBURG has been ordered by special "Regensburg" code to
arrange her passage so as to reach point "Reichsflagge" not sooner
than 20 Mar. in order to pass Iceland in the period of new moon.
The ship has also been informed that a rendezvous with a submarine
which will bring orders is planned, probably at "Reichsflagge".
Information on the enemy situation was sent by radio to the Com-
mander of the DOGGERBA.NK in special code "Doggerbank". Copy of
the radiogram as per l/Skl I k 693/13 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. I. Also by special code, the Commander of the ship
was given the following instructions:
1.) The loss of HOHENFRIEDBERG shows that the incoming and
outgoing route in the Bay of Biscay between about hi0 and 1*6° N is
continuously watched by the enemy. The enemy remains outside our
air range. Submarines assigned as escort are forced under water
by enemy planes, and are thus no protection to blockade runners.
2.) Therefore, in view of the vital cargo of the blockade
runner, Naval Staff has decided that new and unusual routes must
be used.
3.) DOGGERBANK is ordered to run the blockade south of the
Azores, approximately on the neutral route to Lisbon, sailing as
a harmless or separated and unaccompanied vessel as far as the
European coast. She will then proceed to the north so as at least
to reach a Spanish port.
h») Within the scope of this order, the Commander will have
full freedom of action and movement in accordance with local cir-
cumstances and will be kept thoroughly and continuously informed
on the enemy situation in the respective sea area. Our submarines
have been forbidden to attack shipping here. Details will follow.
3>.) Confidence in your ability and in your crew's morale
and your successful performance of previous missions have induced
Naval Staff to assign you this new task.
All vessels in foreign waters are being informed that it has been
found necessary for the four blockade runners to return because,
in view of their limited speed and late arrival, Naval Staff sees
no probability of their successfully running the blockade. Fur-
ther operations are not planned before fall 19^3. (See radiogram
0923).
Instructions to Quartermaster Division in regard -co plans for Ships
"28", "lU", "5" and »U9" will follow. Copy as per l/Skl I k
6U31A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
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5 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
H. Situation West Area,
1. Enemy Situation;
According to an intelligence report from Paris, French
military circles frequently refer to an enemy landing operation
in the Bay of Biscay. Mimizan is mentioned as a landing place.
At 1815 air reconnaissance reported a large passenger steamer hS
miles southwest of Lisbon on northerly course. The steamer fired
at the plane. At 1835 air reconnaissance reported a convoy of 53
steamers with 6 escort vessels and 2 flying boats on course 20°
about 150 miles west of Lisbon.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast;
A mine -exploding vessel cleared an ELM/A mine off Lori-
ent. On 3 Mar. a French fisherman reported a mine explosion l.li
miles north-northwest of point "L 2". The mouth of the Charente
and the area between Oleron and He d'Aix were closed due to sus-
pected ground mines-
In accordance with instructions from Naval Staff, Group West has
submitted a proposal for bringing out blockade runners. Air Com-
mander, Atlantic Coast is expected to have 20-25 FW 200 planes at
his disposal from 15 Mar. and about 30 by the end of March. Thus
it should be possible after mid-March for 8 planes to be employed
every day for a limited time. The Group proposes to send out the
blockade runners not earlier than the period of new moon starting
1 Apr., although utilizing periods of bad visibility in the second
half of Mar., even with full moon. Naval Staff approves this pro-
posal, provided that the break-through is not made before 26 Mar.
Copy of order as per l/Skl 69 7 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, with the proposal
of Group West in War Diary, Part C, Vol. n b.
Channel Coast;
Seven EFA and some lead horned mines were cleared from
the barrage south of Boulogne. A detour was created.
Our batteries fired three salvoes each at enemy targets located
off Le Tre'port. Results were not observed.
At 2137 the 8th Destroyer Flotilla entered the area of Group West.
FT boat operations during the night of h Mar. were not without
incident. The 5th FT Boat Flotilla was driven off by destroyers.
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5 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
S "85" and S "68" entered Peterport after touching ground and the
four other boats put in to Cherbourg. See brief report in tele-
type 20li5.
At 0115 S "70" of the 2nd FT Boat Flotilla struck a mine; a re-
serve torpedo exploded and the boat immediately sank. Four men
are missing. The 6th FT Boat Flotilla started return passage
after chasing destroyers. Around 0800 enemy fighters made re-
peated attacks on the 2nd Sub-Division. S "75" was set on fire
and sank at 081*0. Ten men were killed. S "7li" was heavily dam-
aged but was able to reach port under her own power. See brief
reports in teletype 1900.
Commander, FT Boats gives the situation of PT boat forces in the
west area after these losses as follows: 19 boats in operational
readiness; 8 out of commission due to heavy damage, 10 out of com-
mission for other reasons (see teletype 1U25).
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North reports that a total
of lU ELM/j mines was cleared on h Mar. and 12 on 5 Mar. Convoys
and channel sweeping were carried out according to plan. The
transfer of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla to the west area has been
carried out in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North
according to schedule. Closing of the Elbe channel between Stade
and Hamburg has been cancelled. A damaged FT boat was brought in
to Ijmuiden by a tug during the morning.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
At 0926, submarines reported and attacked a QP convoy in
grid square AB 5939 • The last contact report from the submarines
was made at midnight on 5 Mar. from grid square AB 8216. The con-
voy was sailing on course 230° at 8 knots. According to air re-
connaissance, there was a formation of three heavy cruisers 2li0
miles southwest of Bear Island. Contact was lost at noon due to
engine trouble on the plane. The QP convoy was detected in the
morning consisting of 29 steamers with 3 cruisers, 8 destroyers
and 9 corvettes. Flank escort by a heavy cruiser was also re-
ported with certainty.
A report on the reinforcement of the Russian naval forces in the
Murmansk area has been issued by Naval Intelligence Division under
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5 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
the heading "Enemy Situation East". Copy as per l/Skl 69I17/U3
Qkdos. in War Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situation." The re-
port states that the Arctic Fleet was further reinforced in fall
19U2 by the transfer of submarines from the Far East through the
Panama Canal to the Murmansk area.
It is believed that altogether five submarines are involved.
Prisoners have stated that four other Russian submarines that re-
cently appeared in the Arctic Ocean were built in Gorki on the
Volga and taken to Murmansk by rail.
Own Situation;
There have been no special reports from the coastal areas
of Naval Command, Norway.
Contact with the QP convoy was maintained by five submarines. At
0926 U "255" probably sank two medium-sized steamers in grid square
A3 5939. One was a vessel of 6,000 GRT and the other the U.S.
steamer EXECUTIVE (li,978 GRT). According to our air reconnaissance,
the following were observed: at 1030 one steamer of U,000 GRT on
fire and left behind, two steamers of 6,000 - 8,000 GRT sinking,
one 10,000 GRT steamer on fire and, at lii30, one 6,000 GRT steamer
torpedoed by a submarine. The final result is not yet known.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
Six boats took up patrol line in the Skagerrak. Channel sweeping
was carried out according to plan.
Minelaying operation "Karlchen" (barrage "16 C") was discontinued.
Group North ordered immediate action readiness to be maintained in
case Commander, Minelayers should decide to continue.
In view of air incursions over the Kattegat during the night of h
Mar., mines are suspected in the warship channel and off Hirtshals.
Minesweepers have been sent out. Mines are also suspected in Dan-
zig Bay. There have been no special reports from the area of Ad-
miral, Baltic States.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
In the Bay of Biscay hh planes were observed on very
active reconnaissance. An attack report was intercepted UO miles
northwest of Port of Spain.
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V
5 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation:
A convoy of 16-20 steamers on course 20° was intercepted
in grid square BE 97 (probably meant to read BE 9 1*9 7 > Tr.N.) by U
"130". The submarine scored five hits in grid square BE 9h9$ and
reports the sinking of two steamers of 2,500 GRT each and the
probable sinking of two more for a total of 8,000 GRT.
At noon on U Mar. U "UU5" of Group"Robbe" reported a convoy coming
from Gibraltar in grid square CG 9577. Twelve hours later the sub-
marine was attacked with bombs and depth-charges.
From the Cape area, U "5l6" reports the sinking on 27 Feb. of a
modern passenger steamer of 10,000 GRT on course 2U0° in grid
square KZ 1791.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situ-
ation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. 17.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had kk planes on operations in the west
area and h in the Mediterranean. A Wellington plane was shot down.
For results of reconnaissance, see "Situation West Area".
During daylight, enemy air activity was limited. In the evening
over 200 enemy planes entered German territory. The bulk of them
carried out a heavy attack on Essen. Severe damage was done.
Opposition to our night fighters was very strong as the enemy
bombers flew in groups and as the commitment of night fighters was
hampered by heavy jamming. From reports so far received, five
enemy planes were shot down by anti-aircraft fire and ten by night
fighters. It is also probable that mines were dropped in the sea
area off the West Frisian Islands.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
An enemy convoy of 5 steamers and 2 tankers was attacked
under difficult weather conditions 180 km. northeast of Tripoli by
lU Ju 88 planes. Two steamers of 10,000 GRT each were sunk and two
more damaged.
Photographic reconnaissance of the air bases on Malta revealed 116
fighters, 76 twin-engined planes, 1 four-engined plane and 16 tor-
pedo bombers. Unfortunately the main airfield "Venice" was not
covered. As only 188 planes on all airfields were seen on lh Jan.,
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5 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
it is evident that the number of planes on Malta has been increased.
3# Eastern Front t
Reconnaissance was flown in the Black Sea.
The report from the 5th Air Force on the operation against a QP con-
voy in northern waters is included in "Situation Northern Waters."
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
During the morning 3 loaded tankers entered Gibraltar from
the Atlantic. At the same time a convoy of 1 transport and 6
steamers in ballast left port for the Atlantic. According to an
agent's report, the NELSON and the RODNEY are expected to sail
shortly for the Mediterranean. Kinesweeping activity west of the
Straits of Gibraltar was again noted during the morning.
In the Western Mediterranean, only slight shipping was observed.
According to Italian radio intelligence, the 6 troop transports
which entered the Mediterranean at noon on 3 Mar. were apparently
off Algiers in the morning. At about 0700 our air reconnaissance
sighted 13 steamers 75 miles east of Tripoli on westerly course.
The convoy was attacked by our air forces. No sighting reports
have been received from the Eastern Mediterranean.
On 1 Mar., according to an intelligence report, 2 cruisers, 3 de-
stroyers, 8 small torpedo boats, 12 FT boats, h submarines, 5 mine-
sweepers and 3 loaded tankers left Alexandria on westerly course.
On the same day, the British steamer RABY CASTLE, from Port Said,
put in to Mersin with an unidentified cargo. A British steamer is
expected to leave Iscenderum on 5 Mar.
2» Own Situation Mediterranean;
Four Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. Five of our submarines occupied attack areas in a north-
south strip of equal width between the longitudes of grid squares
CH 7811 and 9513. Submarine U "602" has been ordered to enter
Toulon as the first boat. Further reports in War Diary, Part B,
Vol. IV.
Our FT boats were unable to operate on account of bad weather.
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5 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Two mines were cleared by the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla east
of Bizerta and north of Plane Island. During the minesweeping
operations enemy planes attacked and dropped more than 70 bombs
without causing any damage or casualties. Italian minesweepers
operated according to plan.
On the afternoon of 3 Mar. an enemy air attack was made on Messina
and at noon on 5 Mar. one on Bizerta. Military damage is not re-
ported.
Vice Admiral Weichold has been relieved as Admiral, German Naval
Command, Italy by Rear Admiral Meendsen-Bohlken.
According to a report from German Naval Command, Italy, the total
loss of FT boat S "35" was definitely due to a drifting mine. In
the circumstances it is possible that some of the crew may have
been saved.
3» Sea Transport Situation;
Convoy COSTA, consisting of three steamers, put in safely
to Bizerta on the evening of h Mar. On 5 Mar. convoy traffic was
hampered by bad weather. Convoy FROSINONE, consisting of three
steamers, dropped anchor off Bizerta. A motor vessel returned to
Bizerta. Nine naval landing craft coming from Tunis could not con-
tinue their passage as planned.
In accordance with the plans to transfer vessels from France to
Italy, another ship has arrived at Genoa.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
During the morning of h Mar. a chase was started for an
enemy submarine sighted by a plane off the harbor of Milos. Ac-
cording to a report from the 10th Air Corps, enemy torpedo bombers
penetrated into the Aegean area on the same morning.
The auxiliary warships DRACHE and BULGARIA carried out their mine-
laying operation according to plan. Passage through the Doro
Channel is temporarily closed for large vessels. Minesweeping
operations off Chios have not yet begun on account of bad weather.
Convoy traffic was carried out according to plan.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance observed great shipping activity off
the Caucasian coast. For details see "Daily Situation".
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5 Mar. 19 U 3 CONFIDENTIAL
Own Situation:
German and Italian PT boats were not sent out on account
of bad weather. Submarine U "9" entered Constantza on 3 Mar.
Because of bad weather, ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch
was possible only with the aid of tugs. Bombing raids on the route
to Senaya were ineffective. Traffic with combined operations land-
ing craft had to be stopped. Enemy air activity was brisk. A com-
bined operations landing craft was damaged and a naval landing
craft was slightly damaged by two dud bombs.
Westbound ferries carried 2,9hO soldiers, U55 prisoners, 271 ci-
vilians, l,ii3li horses, 87 motorized and 360 horse-drawn vehicles etc.
Twenty-six naval landing craft were used and made U5 crossings.
Escort service in the Black Sea was suspended on account of the
weather. Group South has forwarded a report dated h Mar. from the
Naval Liaison Officer to Army Group A in regard to the plan to hold
a line excluding the Novorossisk bridgehead. Group South points
out that the loss of Novorossisk will mean that Russian naval forces
could again use that port, even if it is thoroughly demolished, so
that the Russian base for attacks on Army sea-borne supplies would
be brought close to our supply line.
Naval Staff has forwarded this report to: Armed Forces High Com-
mand, Operations Staff, Navy; Naval Liaison Officer attached to
High Command, Army, Army General Staff; Commander in Chief, Air
Force, Operations Staff, Naval Liaison.
Special Naval Transport Staff reports that 12 naval landing craft
are out of commission and 6 others are only in restricted readiness.
This is due to the unremitting strain of continuous operation.
From experience to date, it must still be calculated that about k0%
of the establishment will be continually out of operation; this
number may be still further increased by heavy enemy action.
Present dockyard capacity at Kerch is sufficient only for two to
three naval landing craft, besides harbor defense boats, tugs, re-
mote minesweepers, lighters and combined operations landing craft.
The following measures are urgently required: construction of two
large slips; provision of machine tools and emergency constructions
for workshops; provision of Diesel generators for power; expedited
shipment of spare parts, tools and expendable supplies; increase of
dockyard personnel by 90 German skilled workers, besides labor al-
ready requested by the Dockyard Control Staff.
The continuous commitment of 30 naval landing craft, as promised by
Naval Staff to the Fuehrer, can only be accomplished if the es-
tablishment at Kerch is increased to a total of 50 vessels. It is
therefore requested that a corresponding number of new naval
- 6U - CONFIDENTIAL
5 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
landing craft be sent to the Black Sea. The matter will be immedi-
ately taken up by Quartermaster Division.
VHI.Situation East Asia.
On the basis of information from the Japanese Naval Staff, the
German Naval Attache, Tokyo reports that on 2 Mar. a Japanese con-
voy en route to Lae was attacked by 200 U.S. planes. Due to the
damage to several ships, the convoy was partially scattered. The
harbors at Lae, Madang, Wewak and Hollandia on the north coast of
New Guinea are being enlarged for the landing of reinforcements
with a view to clearing the enemy out of New Guinea.
In connection with this report, American statements have been made
to the effect that twelve Japanese transports in convoy, escorted
by ten cruisers and destroyers, were all sunk or left sinking after
a relentless air attack. Fifty- five planes from the convoy's air
cover are said to have been shot down or put out of action. Nearly
all of the 15,000 troops which were being sent to New Guinea are
said to have been drowned.
A second convoy of llj vessels is said to have been subjected to
uninterrupted air attack on the same day, and to have been heavily
damaged at small cost to the attackers. A Reuter dispatch comments
that, as a result of these engagements, the serious Japanese threat
to Australia has been to some extent relieved. It has been stated
that not a single Japanese vessel reached her destination in New
Guinea.
The Associated Press remarks that, with their enormous air superi-
ority, the Allies are in a position to dispute the route south to
any Japanese convoy. The operational significance of the great
Japanese base at Rabaul is said now to have been practically
neutralized.
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6 Mar. 191*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
Great Britain:
In a public announcement, the British Colonial Secretary expressed
himself as being strongly opposed to the internationalization of
the British colonies. He declared that he was more interested in
what Great Britain thought of the British Empire than in what the
Americans thought of it.
U.S.A.
Knox stated at a press conference that 150 warships, 130 merchant
vessels and 70 landing craft had been completed in February. These
were the highest production figures ever reached in the history of
the American Fleet,
Finland:
In regard to the new Cabinet, neutral circles are of the opinion
that a direct change in Finnish policy is not to be expected. It
must, however, be remembered that the extreme nationalists and the
Greater Finland groups are not represented in the Government.
Portugal:
According to a press report, six senior Portuguese officers led by
an Admiral are to go to the U.S.A. to inspect the war industries.
Pacific:
The great convoy battle in the Bismarck Sea is being widely dis-
cussed in the Allied press. After this success it is believed that
the Japanese are no longer strong enough to realize their offensive
plans in the Southwest Pacific.
Sweden:
According to a report from the Swedish Telegraph Agency, the Swedish
Air Administration has asked for 3>2 million Kronen for expansion of
the Swedish air formations.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division reports that, after a year's
negotiation, a German/Portuguese shipping agreement has been con-
cluded. Details in War Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
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6 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II. Report by Chief, Supply and Fuel Branch, Quartermaster Division
and Riel and Supply Section, Operations Division on the supply situ-
ation, particularly regarding fuel oil.
III. Further to the report of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West,
attached to German Naval Command, Italy, Chief, Operations Division
reports that examination by Group West/Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
West of the possibility of transferring large motor minesweepers to
the Mediterranean has shown that, contrary to previous opinion,
transfer would in fact be possible via the Seine to the Saone with
a short overland haul. The Commanding Admiral therefore proposes
that a motor minesweeper flotilla be transferred from his area for
use in the Sicilian Channel. Chief, Naval Staff concurs.
Instructions have therefore been sent to Group West and Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, West, with copy to German Naval Command, Italy,
to expedite preparations for the transfer of a motor minesweeper
flotilla from the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West to the
Mediterranean via the Seine. The latter is to report which flotilla
is to be transferred and will arrange for the boats to be fitted out
in good time. Quartermaster Division has been advised accordingly
with the request that all further arrangements be expedited.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
IV. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division on the
investigations concerning reinforcement of the Balearic Islands in
accordance with notes in War Diary, 26 and 28 Feb.
V. Chief, Naval Staff ordered that an agenda be prepared of the
discussions to be held during his planned visit to Rome.
VI. Thorough examination of all possibilities of using the ten
Italian Atlantic submarines for transport purposes shows that:
In order to carry an annual quantity of some 3,000 tons of rubber,
it will be necessary to use some of the fuel bunkers as cargo space.
This will necessitate refuelling en route on the return passage.
The supply point must be located at least 3,000 miles from Batavia.
On the way out Batavia can be reached without intermediate refuel-
ling if the torpedo tanks and ammunition chambers are converted to
fuel bunkers. The round trip will take about 182 days. If able to
go into dock in Batavia, the keel ballast can be replaced by metal,
which will enable the boats to bring in an additional 900 tons of
metal annually. The first two transport boats can be ready to sail
at six weeks' notice. It would be well for the boats to be manned
by Italians in order to save time. At present five of the ten
Italian boats are of no further use for war operations, and four
more are of only limited value. Their employment as transport sub-
marines would therefore be highly desirable.
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6 Mar. 19 h 3 CONFIDENTIAL
Refuelling for the return passage can be accomplished by tankers
BRAKE, CHARLOTTE SCHLIEMANN or the Etappe supply ships RIO GRANDE,
BURGENLAND and WESERLAND. Fuel should be obtainable from the Japa-
nese as they have already undertaken to provide supplies for German
submarines in the Indian Ocean. Refuelling on the outward passage,
which might be necessary for small submarines, would be possible at
the earliest at 92 days' notice, calculated from today, and on the
return passage at 131 days1 notice. Therefore ample time remains
in both cases for the fitting out and passage of the supply vessels.
Chief, Naval Staff ordered that a report to this effect be prepared
for the Fuehrer.
Special Items;
I. Further to the increase in torpedo production ordered on 31
Oct. 19^2, Commander in Chief, Navy has ordered:
The production figure of type G 7 a will remain at 600 per month;
production of type G 7 e is to be increased from 1,000 to 1,U00 per
month. Production of the G 7 e is to be increased by every possi-
ble means.
II. According to an intelligence report of 3 Mar. from a diplomatic
source in Portugal on the enemy plans for attack, the main point of
the offensive is to be transferred to the Mediterranean, primarily
to Sicily, Crete and Greece. This will probably not take place be-
fore the middle or end of April. Great numbers of troops are being
concentrated and supply depots established in Syrian ports prepara-
tory to an attack on the Balkan countries via Turkey. Every availa-
ble means are to be used to achieve the occupation of Tunis as soon
as possible. The British 1st and 8th Armies have been reinforced
by Indian and U.S. troops. A Brazilian contingent of 25,000 men is
to be dispatched. Until the opening of the offensive, continuous
air attacks on Italy are to go on.
Another objective is an attack on Norway from the east coast of
Scotland and England, where large concentrations of troops and ma-
terial are already being made. Besides this, every effort is to be
made to induce Italy and Finland to make a separate peace.
III. Report on the Enemy Situation No. S/h3 by Naval Intelligence
Division, Enemy Situation Branch, as per l/Skl 6703/U3 Gkdos. in
War Diary, File "Enemy Situation Reports of Naval Intelligence
Division". In this report Naval Intelligence Division states:
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6 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
From the spate of rumors, which is of similar proportions to that
which preceded the North African campaign, the impression is gained
that the enemy's preparations for an attack must be almost com-
pleted. Plans for launching the attack have so far been cleverly
camouflaged. Only in exceptional cases can concrete indications of
new operations be established. They are kept secret with the utmost
care. Their jump-off bases lie mainly beyond our intelligence
sphere. However, the greatest caution must be used in drawing any
conclusions from these reports.
The report also deals with the remarkable changes in enemy warship
strength and with convoy traffic and states that during Feb. 29
convoys, with at least 730 vessels, crossed the Atlantic, including
northern waters, in both directions. From these, 20 ships were
sunk, 18 of them carrying cargo to Great Britain. These figures do
not include sinkings in the last days of Feb. The report concludes
by drawing up a balance of the results of the war against merchant
shipping and giving an exposition of enemy losses and new con-
structions; it also gives the distribution of British naval forces
as at the end of Feb. 19U3 and the estimated disposition of the
U.S. Navy as at 1 Mar.
IV. Naval Intelligence Division, Foreign Merchant Marine Branch
has summarized and analysed enemy views on the submarine campaign.
Copy of this report as per l/Skl 690U/U3 geh. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. IV.
Situation 6 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
According to an Italian report, a convoy of 19 steamers
escorted by 3 cruisers, was sighted on h Mar. sailing north between
the Canary Islands of Gran Canaria and Fuerte Ventura. This is
obviously the same group that Spanish air reconnaissance had re-
ported as consisting of 8 vessels (see War Diary, 5 Mar.)
An intelligence report dated h Mar. from a diplomatic source in
Portugal states that a convoy with war material is expected to ar-
rive in Northern Ireland from the U.S.A. about 25 Mar. In the
middle of Mar. a large convoy is expected to sail from the west
coast of England with supplies for North Africa, bound partly for
Gibraltar and partly for Casablanca. The cargo consists mainly of
tanks and guns.
The General Staff of the U.S. troops in Northern Ireland has been
- 69 - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL .
instructed to prepare accommodation and food supplies for 15,000
U.S. troops by 15 Mar,
2. Own Situation:
The DOGGERBANK has been advised by radiogram 1532, in
special code "Doggerbank", in regard to the communications traffic
of neutral shipping with Lisbon and has been given a detailed de-
scription of the Spanish steamer MAR CANTABRICO, which is a suita-
ble comouflage for the DOGGERBANK in case of need.
The garbled short signal from the KARIN ( see War Diary, 5 Mar. ) ap«
Dears to indicate that this ship has taken the turn-about order to
the ROSSBACH, WESERLAND, RIO GRANDE and STJRGENLAND as applying to
her also. As a precaution, therefore, she has been instructed by
radiogram 0957 to continue passage to the north as previously
ordered.
Information on enemy shipping movements has been forwarded to all
vessels in foreign waters by radiogram l6ixii.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
There was great reconnaissance activity by Ii2 planes in the
Bay of Biscay.
The convoy reported on 5 Mar. 150 miles west of Lisbon was sailing
on course 120° not 20° . On the same day three lifeboats with crews
were sighted at llil5 by our air reconnaissance in grid square BF
8676. Our reconnaissance on 6 Mar, produced no results.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast;
Minesweeper M "iiOhl" struck a ground mine in the inner
roads of Le Verdon and sank. Fifteen men were killed.
During the day Brest and Lorient were attacked by strong enemy air
formations. There was no military damage in Brest. Two enemy
planes were shot down. In Lorient damage was caused to traffic and
military installations. The dockyard power supply was interrupted.
Submarine repairs are reduced by 25*. A tanker with hSO cbra. of
fuel oil was destroyed. Submarine refuelling can now be done only
by two tankers and is therefore limited. For further details see
"Daily Situation".
- 70 - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar, 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items:
Group West has submitted to Commanding General, Armed Forces, West,
with copy to Naval Staff, its views in regard to the possibility of
transferring the 99<Hh Division from Southern France to the Balearic
Islands by sea. Report as per l/Skl 672/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in Files
I opa. Operation "Gisela".
The report reaches the conclusion that, if good security is kept,
the first wave of transport steamers from Marseilles would probably
be unobserved. Considerable difficulties must be anticipated in
disembarking this first wave. Strong counter-action must be
reckoned with against subsequent transport units and supplies
needed later on. The German Navy will not be able to supply the
necessary escort forces as they are not available. Operations
Division shares this opinion. At the suggestion of Naval Staff,
Armed Forces High Command is finding out from the Italians to what
extent the Italian Navy and the 3rd Air Force can be used for the
escort duties.
Channel Coast;
An operational order by the 8th Destroyer Flotilla Command
for the transfer of destroyers Z "23", "2U", "25", "32", and "37"
to the west was submitted on 27 Feb. It provided for distribution
as follows: Z "23", "21*" and "25" to Bordeaux; Z "32" and "37" to
La Pallice. Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North and Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, West were to have operational control in their
respective areas. Commander, 8th Destroyer Flotilla was to be in
command at sea. The code name for the operation was "Karin".
Cruising disposition was in two divisions, sailing in groups at a
distance of 6 to 7 miles apart. The Dunkirk barrier was to be
passed at a fixed time. It was planned for an intermediate call
to be made at Cherbourg.
The following report has been received on the execution of this
operation:
Destroyers Z "23", "2li", "32" and "37" of the Flotilla put in to
Le Havre as it was no longer possible to reach Cherbourg during
darkness. The passage from the Hook of Holland to Le Havre was
continuously covered by shadowing planes beyond range. Enemy FT
boats and fighter bombers attacked off Dunkirk and Boulogne without
success. In the Straits of Dover, the second group successfully
drove off four groups of two enemy PT boats each. One torpedo was
evaded. Our vessels scored some definite hits without suffering
casualties. During the night of 6 Mar. the Flotilla plans to pro-
ceed to Cherbourg or further as the situation permits. Destroyer
Z "37" touched ground while mooring in fog. It is doubtful that
she will be able to proceed with the others. (See teletype 0915).
Naval Staff has advised Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff
accordingly.
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6 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
From a brief report from the 2nd Coast Patrol Force it appears that
the enemy did not have advance knowledge of the destroyer movements.
Although radar-carrying planes were used in the Dunkirk-Calais area,
the fighter bomber attack was made, not on the destroyers, but on a
motor minesweeper unit off Calais. Furthermore, as the enemy sent
only FT boats against the destroyers, it is probable that he did not
recognize the strength of our formation. Radio intelligence con-
firms the belief that the operation took the enemy by surprise and
that the speed with which it was accomplished prevented the oppor-
tune commitment of stronger forces. According to the view of the
2nd Coast Patrol Force no enemy PT boats were in action off Boulogne.
It is more likely that the destroyers fired on our own harbor de-
fense boats. Our location service gave the enemy position on our
routes so promptly that the unit was just warned in time. The ap-
proach and departure of an enemy force was not detected ( see tele-
type 12U0).
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla has taken note of this report and states
that the presence of German harbor defense boats could not and
should not have been expected. Off Boulogne the bridge of destroyer
Z "23" was fired at with 2 cm. guns. Commander, 8th Destroyer Flo-
tilla also thinks it probable that the destroyers were not recog-
nized as such by the enemy, (see teletype 23^7) •
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
No special events.
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
During the day air reconnaissance was observed in the di-
rection of the Skagerrak and the northern coast of Norway. Eight
planes of the Iceland squadrons were observed on operation. At
0910 the QP convoy was in grid square AB 736U on course 25>0°.
According to photographic reconnaissance there were in Kola Bay on
5 Mar: 2 Russian destroyers, 2 submarines, 2 tankers and 32
steamers, as well as 1 tanker in dock. On 6 Mar. 7 patrol boats
were sighted between the Rybachi Peninsula and Yokonga Bay, and 9
small steamers in Yokonga. Photographic reconnaissance on the same
day showed the harbor area of Archangel up to the mouth of the
Dwina to be ice-bound. Neither harbor vessels, ice-breakers nor a
navigable channel were to be seen. The White Sea is ice-covered
south of 67°.
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6 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Own Situation;
The Norwegian motorship ENGOER sank in the entrance to
Nord Fjord after striking a ground mine. The shipping lanes be-
tween Orlaskaer and Sondrebotten are closed. On k and 5 Mar. enemy
air raids were made on Petsamo but caused no damage. A Norwegian
sea-rescue boat was ineffectively attacked by a plane off Baas
Fjord. Escort Service was carried out according to plan.
Admiral, Northern Waters has advised Naval Staff, for information,
of his report to High Command, Navy/Naval (Ship) Construction Di-
vision on the distribution of the tugs for naval forces in Northern
Norway, which tugs have been operationally assigned to him. For
copy see teletype 2210.
Group North has approved minelaying projecf'NW 13" of Naval Command,
Norway.
Admiral, Northern Waters has postponed Operation "Saxonia" until
further notice.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has given general
approval for the permanent assignment of a seaplane for open water
torpedo firing and has instructed the 5th Air Force to comply with
the Navy's requests in this matter. Naval Staff has therefore
given orders that Naval Command, Norway should provide immediately
three modern minesweepers and four fishing vessels to be perma-
nently assigned until the firing exercises are completed. The
provision of destroyers or torpedo boats is cancelled ( see teletype
1718).
Group North has issued orders for the SCHARNHORST's transfer to
begin.
Naval Staff has issued some modifications to the operational order
of Group North for bringing in the REGENSBURG. Copy as per l/Skl
I k 68U/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
The REGENSBURG will not now receive orders at point "Sonate" but
probably on 20 Mar. in grid square CD 32. She is ordered to make
for point "Anton" not sooner than 26 Mar. and to proceed upon orders
from Group North and in accordance with weather conditions. This
measure has been taken in order to avoid a prolonged wait at one
spot in the North Atlantic. The ship has also been ordered on no
account to make a break-through if a continuous spell of clear
weather appears probable. The REGENSBURG will be camouflaged as the
CAMBRIDGE. It is planned to unload a part of the rubber in Nor-
wegian waters by means of small boats, in order to make as sure as
possible of this valuable cargo.
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6 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
The continuance of operations against the QP convoy has been much
hindered by stormy southwest winds. On 7 Mar. at 0600 the subma-
rines were scheduled to form a patrol line from grid square AB 7711
to AE 3313. However, they have reported that they will probably be
unable to reach the position on account of the bad weather.
The 5th Air Force reports that at LUlO on 5 Mar. a bonib hit was
scored on a steamer of 10,000 GRT, with a subsequent fire, and re-
fers to a submarine report, according to which a steamer of 6,000
GRT was sunk at lli30. The planes have also reported that on the
same day at 0930 and 1037 explosions occurred on a merchantman,
which left the convoy and was set on fire by an escorting destroyer
at 10ii9« Besides that the planes observed a torpedo hit on a
merchantman at 1025 •
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to information received by German Ambassador
Schnurre from the Swedish Foreign Minister, the reports of the un-
loading and reloading of the DICTO and LIONEL are untrue, so that
it is thought likely that these two vessels will put to sea in the
near future. Group North and Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic
have been informed.
2. Own Situation;
The patrol line in the Skagerrak was occupied by four boats
and the Hanstholm barrage gap by two boats. Escort service and
channel sweeping were carried out according to plan. Minelaying
assignment "Karlchen" was also carried out according to plan. Gun-
boat K "3" and the ROLAND are en route from Kristiansand South to
Frederikshavn and Copenhagen respectively.
In Kronstadt Bay enemy guns fired on our naval coastal batteries
without success. Between Lissi Noss and Oranienbaura heavy truck
traffic was observed. Battery Seiskaari fired 20 rounds on Glinki.
Near Kolgampia, an enemy scout patrol was wiped out. The steamer
FRIEDRICH ran aground near Surop Lighthouse.
With reference to Naval Staff's request (see War Diary, 27 Feb.)
for the assignment of air forces for war operations in the Baltic
during 19U3, Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff re-
grets that present obligations of the fighter formations will not
permit assignment of the requested fighters. Commander in Chief,
Air Force has no knowledge of frequent enemy air attacks in the
area of Tallinn. Operation "Froschlaich" is provided for. Attacks
- 7U - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar. 19 hi CONFI IAL
on the enemy Fleet in Leningrad depend on the other tasks of the
1st Air Force and the formations available. For sea reconnaissance
and anti-submarine operations in the Gulf of Finland it is intended
to use one unit.
Group North has been informed accordingly by Naval Staff.
V. Merchant Shipping.
Naval Intelligence Division, Foreign Merchant Marine ^ranch Report
No. U/h3 contains information on Turkish overseas trade in the
second half of 19U2 and on the Turkish merchant fleet.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
A submarine sighting report was intercepted liOO miles
northeast of Newfoundland.
2» Own Situation;
At 1UU5 U "U05" contacted a convoy on course 60° in grid
square AK Ui52. The strength of the convoy, of which only five
vessels have so far been sighted, is not yet known. Commanding
Admiral, Submarines has sent out against this objective Groups
"Wildfang" and "Burggraf", which are in the vicinity, as new Group
"Raubgraf", and also a part of Group "Neuland" as new Group "Ost-
mark". In spite of poor visibility, snow and hail, contact was
maintained with some interruptions.
At 0930 U "107" of Group "Robbe" intercepted a convoy on course
120° in grid square CG 8l3h. Contact was lost due to defense but
was re-established at 1520 by U "UlO" which estimated the enemy's
strength at about 25 steamers. Two steamers of 6,000-7,000 GRT
were torpedoed and a third one probably torpedoed. A vessel of
6,000 GRT is believed to have been sunk. This success in the
closely guarded sea area off St. Vincent is especially satis-
factory.
U "172" sank the Norwegian motor vessel TKORSTRAND ( 3, Ola GRT) on
course 290°, en route from Liverpool to St. Johns, in grid square
CD 1675.
There are no reports of successes from the West Indies or from the
Capetown boats. Further details are contained in "Supplement to
the Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part E, Vol. IV.
- 75 - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Investigations by Naval Staff of the possibility of submarine oper-
ations in the Arabian Sea show that these would be feasible pro-
vided the submarines can be supplied with fuel, lubricants and food
by a German supply ship from Japan approximately in the area east
or southeast of Madagascar. Supply would be possible at about the
end of April at the earliest.
Submarine Division, however, reports that, due to the lack of
submarine tankers, it is impossible to send submarines to the Cape
area at present. The above mentioned possibilities can therefore
not be exploited for the time being.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity t
The 3rd Air Force had 69 planes on operation in the west
area and 13 in the Mediterranean. During defense against daylight
raids, a Spitfire and three four-engined enemy planes were shot
down by our fighters in the west area. Planes escorting the enemy
formations raiding Lorient carried spare fuel containers which
were jettisoned in the area of Brest. The attacks on Brest were
made from altitudes of between 7,000 amd 9,000 m.
Another reconnaissance by three RV 200 planes off the west coast
of Portugal between 11° and 13° W is scheduled for 7 Mar.
Durin^ the night of 6 Mar. 15 of our bombers mined the Humber and
the Thames estuary.
For information on the enemy daylight attacks on Lorient and Brest,
see "Situation West Area". For further details on the Essen raid
on 5 Mar. see "Daily Situation".
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Thirty miles south of Ischia an enemy submarine was at-
tacked with four SC 250 bombs. A large oil trace was observed.
Another submarine was attacked by the escort of convoy FROSINONE
with seven SC 250 bombs and, according to the Air Force, was proba-
bly heavily damaged if not destroyed. The port of Beirut was
reconnoitered.
3. Eastern Front:
On 5 Mar. our forces were extremely active, nearly 2,000
of them being out on operation in support of our attack in the area
south of Kharkov-Xrasnograd. The enemy lost 59 planes and we lost h»
- 76 - CONFIDENTIAL
'
6 Mar, 19 k3 CONFIDENTIAL
Reports from the 5th Air Force are contained in "Situation Northern
Waters,"
Special Items t
Commander in Chief, Air Force plans to reorganize the Estonian-
manned former special Buschmann Squadron into a Baltic Sea re-
connaissance group composed as follows:
A sea reconnaissance squadron to perform all sea and coastal
reconnaissance, convoy escort and submarine chase in the Gulf
of Finland;
A land reconnaissance and liaison squadron to continue the
police functions of the special Buschmann Squadron; and
A training and replacement squadron which will also perform
sea-rescue service.
This reorganization eliminates the need for the establishment of a
new sea reconnaissance squadron in the Gulf of Finland as demanded
by Naval Staff, Commander in Chief, Air Force has asked Armed
Forces High Command to approve this commitment of the Estonian
volunteers.
The request throws light on the critical state of the Air
Force, Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic is particularly
pleased with the achievements of the Buschmann formation,
whose crews did good work last year in spite of an extremely
inadequate number of planes.
VIH.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1, Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
According to an intelligence report, the FORMIDABLE took
on planes and war material on 5 Mar, In addition, all destroyers
took on supplies of food and ammunition. The Admiralty has re-
ported the loss of the minelayer WELSHMAN,
No sighting reports have been received from the Western Mediter-
ranean, Submarine positions were reported off Cape Milazzo in the
northern outlet of the Straits of Messina on 3 Mar. and off Spezia,
south of Naples and north of Cape Bon on 6 Mar.
There have been no sighting reports from the Eastern Mediterranean.
According to radio intelligence, two British warships were ordered
- 77 - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
at 2100 to position 37°6' N, h°8' probably E, where a collision had
been reported. It was observed that air escort was furnished for
British vessels in the Tripoli Gulf-of Syrtis area.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Four Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. An additional report of 2 Mar. 0230 states that an enemy de-
stroyer of the JERVIS class and a steamer were torpedoed by an
Italian submarine 50 miles northeast of Buerat,
No reports of successes by our submarines have come in.
Due to bad weather the 3rd and 7th PT Boat Flotillas were not out
on operation. Minesweeping off the Tunisian coast was limited for
the same reason.
Submarine-chaser "2208", which put to sea from Genoa on 5 Mar. at
1800, reported at 0330 that she had located a submarine 35 miles
southwest of Spezia and, at 1235 after several attacks, observed
heavy air escape. The attack is being continued.
At 1200 the Sousse mole battery was hit by a torpedo. The guns are
capable of only limited operation. There were no losses.
During the night of h Mar. an enemy air attack was made on Naples.
No damage is reported. On the afternoon of h Mar. the wreck of the
MACEDONIA was torpedoed by an enemy submarine. Salvage work had
been completed. On 3 Mar. two motor sailing vessels were sunk off
Cape Milazzo by an enemy subiiarine.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West has reported the provisional
organization to date of vessels requisitioned in Southern France.
Copy as per l/Skl 7l6l/h3 geh. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
According to this, the 22nd Submarine -Chaser Flotilla consists of
19 vessels and Escort Flotilla, Mediterranean of 9 vessels. To the
6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla there have been added 2 motor yachts,
2 motorboats and 1 customs boat, 1 group equipped with cutting kite
sweeps and consisting of h vessels, 2 groups of lobster boats con-
sisting of 12 boats each and 1 group of minesweeping yawls, also
consisting of 12 boats.
Three customs boats, 3 motorboats and 2 trawlers are provided for
Admiral, Aegean Sea.
The 6th Coast Patrol Flotilla will retain the Toulon groups equipped
with cutting kite sweeps and with towed coil gear (5 boats) and a
tug with towed cylinder remote clearance gear. mhree further
vessels are scheduled for cutting kite s-veeps.
- 78 - CONFIDENTIAL
'
6 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
3 • Sea Transport Situation :
The convoy of the motorship INES CORRADO (3 steamers) is
en route to Tunisia and that of the FROSINONE (2 steamers, 1 tanker)
is en route to Italy, as scheduled. War transports KT "13" and "lli"
have been en route from Palermo to Tunis without escort since 1300.
In view of the weather they are going first to Trapani. In the
forenoon the motorship OLBRINA arrived at Naples from Bizerta. The
tanker LABOR, en route from Palermo to Bizerta, called at Trapani.
On the afternoon of 5 Mar. 5 Siebel ferries and U infantry landing
craft from Marsala arrived at Tunis. One Siebel ferry was sunk by
a mine j her position has not yet been reported. Two naval landing
craft arrived at Trapani ; one became a total loss 33 miles north-
west of Cape Bon after striking a mine; the crew was rescued.
The Spanish steamer BARTOLO was sunk by an enemy submarine at 1005
near Beau Due. The Captain and the Engineer were taken prisoner.
A submarine chase has been started from Marseilles.
k» Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Seat
The Doro Channel has been re-opened. Convoy traffic was
carried out according to plan.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
No special reports have been received.
Own Situation:
On account of bad weather no German or Italian PT boats
were on operation. Check sweeps and minesweeping in the Strait of
Kerch produced no results. Submarine-chase off the southern Cri-
mean coast was discontinued owing to bad weather. Nine mines in
our own barrage at the southern outlet of the Strait of Kerch were
observed to explode, presumably due to drift ice.
The captured battery near Novorossisk, consisting of three 13 cm.
guns, was blown up by order of the 73rd Infantry Division in view
of enemy flanking threat and since the guns are not in firing
readiness.
Convoy traffic was resumed according to plan. Two naval landing
craft carrying lumber for engineer construction work sailed from
Yalta to Theodosia. Two more naval landing craft put out from
Kerch for Anapa with supplies. Ferry traffic across the Strait of
- 79 - CONFIDENTIAL
6 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
?:erch was subjected to lively enemy air attack. Bombs were dropped
on Kerch and on Tainan. A Siebel ferry struck a mine near the fish
salting plant and sank. Some of the crew and the troops on board
were lost. Two naval landing craft were slightly d&naged by bomb
hits. Ice conditions in Tainan Bay have not changed. Traffic off
Kossa Chuchka had to be stopped on account of pack ice.
300 persons, 111 motorized and hSl horse-drawn vehicles were
ferried across to the west; 21 naval landing craft were employed
and made U6 crossings.
IX. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report,
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7 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
U.S.A.t
According to Reuter, Secretary of the Navy Knox has declared that
the whole of the U.S. Five-Oceans Fleet would be in active service
before the end of 19^5. Even if war losses were taken into account,
the U.S. Fleet would then be four times as strong as it was in the
fall of 1939.
A vast project for the establishment of U.S. bases in the Pacific
for the post-war period was announced in the Congressional Naval
Affairs Committee. Furthermore, Secretary of State Welles was
prompted to make a statement to the press on the matter of bases,
in order to correct the allegedly entirely mistaken idea that the
Americans wished to retain bases in the Western Hemisphere occu-
pied with the agreement of their rightful owners.
According to a Swedish press report from Washington, Ryti's decla-
ration that Finland would continue the war has caused great disap-
pointment.
Japan;
The Prime Minister declared before Parliament that the war must be
decided this year. During this time the Japanese Government wouDd
mobilize all important sources of raw material in Greater East Asia.
Russia:
Stalin was proclaimed Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff .
Report by Operations Division, Auxiliary Cruiser Section on the
most favorable conditions for outgoing blockade runner traffic.
a.) The only advantage of sailing during the March new moon
period (10-15 Mar.) lies in utilizing the longer night (almost 12
hours). Until 15 Mar. we cannot count on having more than 15 FW
200 planes.
b.) Between 15 and 20 Mar. air reconnaissance by 20-25 FW
200 planes may be considered fairly adequate. The 8th Destroyer
Flotilla may be sent out in safety. However, on account of the
full moon on 22 Mar. only persistently bad weather can be used
during this period, although such weather conditions are unfavor-
able for interception of enemy movements ( see example of GERMANIA)
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7 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
c.) After 26 Mar. until the new moon on h Apr. the night is
already almost an hour shorter than in the preceding month; this
period, however, has the following advantages:
1.) For all concerned it is possible to make preparations
without haste.
2.) Adequate air reconnaissance by about 30 FW 200 planes
can be counted on.
3.) There is the possibility of combining the sailing and
bringing in of blockade runners.
The fact that there are several of our vessels can, by splitting up
the enemy forces, be of advantage to the incoming blockade runners,
especially if these keep to the south as long as possible. Incoming
vessels may be mistaken for outgoing vessels turning back to port
and their special value remain undetected. Our own defense measures
do not give any direct indication that incoming vessels are expected.
The enemy's defense will be split.
On the other hand, there is the risk that the appearance of our de-
stroyers may cause the enemy to employ especially strong forces.
Naval Staff proposes to arrange for sailing in accordance with the
circumstances set out in c.)
Chief, Naval Staff approved this proposal, but on condition that
the sailing plan is combined with only one of the two incoming
vessels, while the second is to be brought in via the northern
passage.
Special Items t
Following the report of the two present incumbents, Chief, Naval
Staff has approved the dissolution of the staff of the Air Force
General attached to Commander in Chief, Navy and of Inspector (Sea).
However, he considers it urgently advisable that the closest possi-
ble contact between the two branches of the forces on matters of
common interest to naval and aerial warfare should be maintained by
creation of a central office under Commander in Chief, Air Force,
to deal with all personnel and material questions arising between
Navy and Air Force.
In forwarding this approval Operations Division has submitted the
request of Commander in Chief, Navy to the Minister for Air and
Commander in Chief, Air Force, General Staff that special care be
taken in selecting personnel for the office taking over the former
- 82 - CONFIDENT IAL
7 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
tasks of the Air Fbrce General attached to Commander in Chief, Navy
and the Inspector (Sea).
The person charged with the care of common interests must be able,
on the one hand, to identify himself fully with Naval Staff's oper-
ational views and, on the other hand, also to draw tactical con-
clusions for the Air Force from experiences gained in combat and to
set them down in the form of directions, regulations, etc.
It is also requested that the position of liaison officer with
Naval Staff, Quartermaster Division be re-established, as the Air
Force officer previously appointed has in the meantime been de-
tached.
For copy of memorandum l/Skl I 1 6610/U3 Gkdos. see War Diary, Part
C, Vol. V.
Situation 7 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1# Enemy Situation:
An intelligence report from Horta states that a British
steamer is awaiting a convoy, which is to pass the Azores by 9 Mar.
According to another intelligence report, a large convoy of Bra-
zilian troop transports, consisting of especially large vessels
escorted by U.S. naval forces and believed to be sailing to North
Africa, was reported on 6 Mar. off Angola. On the same day, a con-
voy of ten steamers making for Gibraltar passed Lagos ( Southern
Portugal).
On 7 Mar. a convoy of 1 tanker (12,000 GRT) and 6 steamers (3,000
GRT each) entered Reykjavik.
2. Own Situation:
No reports have been received from our vessels in foreign
waters.
In view of enemy patrol activity, all vessels in foreign waters
have been directed by Naval Staff's radiogram 1732, effective im-
mediately, to remain south of a line running from 25° S, 60° E, via
32° S, 606 E, U0° S, 10° E, U5° S, 2$° E, US° S, 8° E to 11° S,
15° W.
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7 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
II* Situation West Area,
1. Enemy Situationt
According to an intelligence report from Great Britain
dated 7 Mar., the INDOMITABLE was in Liverpool on h Mar.
Photographic reconnaissance of the British south coast between
Exmouth and Lyme Bay furnished no new information. No enemy sight-
ings were made during reconnaissance west of the Portuguese coast.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast;
Group West has forwarded a report from Admiral, Atlantic
Coast concerning enemy air attacks on Brest and Lorient on the
afternoon of 6 Mar. Copy see teletype 0015.
A ground mine was cleared off the Gironde estuary.
Channel Coast:
On 6 Mar. a French fishing smack struck a mine and sank
near Coxyde Bad.
In the early morning our batteries fired on targets located off
Toquet at a range of 5,000-8,000 m.
At 0120 torpedo boats T "2" and T "5" entered Le Havre.
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla, minus Z "37", transferred during the
night of 6 Mar. from Le Havre to Cherbourg. It is to proceed to
La Pallice or Bordeaux on the night of 7 Mar. with flank escort by
the 5th PT Boat Flotilla. On the same night the 2nd, iith and 6th
PT Boat Flotillas are to carry out torpedo operations against a
northbound convoy off the east coast of England.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Enemy mines are suspected on the shipping routes off the
Frisian Islands. Six incursions were reported in this area during
the evening.
Otherwise no special events.
- 8U - CONFIDENTIAL
7 Mar, 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2, Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to a Finnish report from a diplomatic source in
Portugal, the enemy operation planned against Norway is said to be
already seriously jeopardized due to difficulties of transportation.
It is said that preparations will be completed by the beginning of
April, Simultaneously with the planned landing in Norway, a large-
scale Russian offensive along the whole Finnish front is expected
to begin.
A report from Stockholm, transmitted via the Foreign Office, states
that the British are interested in Grip near Kristiansund North.
It may be a question of a commando raid or a larger action.
The latter is unlikely.
On 6 Mar. reconnaissance activity over the central and southern
North Sea was very brisk during the day but slight during the night.
Own Situation:
No special events in the area of Naval Command, Norway,
So far Operation "Paderborn" has gone according to plan. The for-
mation will pass through the Skagerrak during the night of 7 Mar,
There have been no reports on the QP convoy. The operations of our
submarines were much hampered by persistently stormy weather. No
reports have been received from the 5th Air Force on its operations.
IV, Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
Barrage gap Hanstholm is occupied by two patrol vessels and patrol
line Arendal-Hirtshals by four. Escort service in the area of Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic was carried out according to plan.
About 1700 an enemy reconnaissance plane flew in as far as 15 miles
north of Skagen and the Skagerrak, Night passage through this route
by the "Paderborn" formation, which stood on and off at the Danish
side of the Kattegat during the day, was thus a fortunate measure.
Two ground mines were cleared, one west of Langeland and one south-
east of Nyborg. South of Sandoe two mine explosions were observed.
Northeast of Arcona two fishing smacks sank after explosions.
The steamer FRIEDRICH, which had run aground near Surop, has been
towed off and has entered Tallinn.
- 85 - CONFIDENTIAL
7 Mar. 19U3 :?yFHgWTl»L
On 5 and 6 Mar. the Tillage and the anti-aircraft ran emplacement
at Lavansaari were attacked with 18 SC 50 bombs. T>efense was put
up :;•" :vo fighters and fairly accurate reavy anti-aircraft fire.
Special Items;
Between 25 and 25 Feb. a representative of Tperations Division held
conferences with Cowoancer, Minesweepers, Baltic and Admiral,
Baltic States in Tallinn and with the Finnish Naval Staff in
Balsinl I on current war matters. For repcrt of Operations livision,
Operations Branch North see War Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
7. Submarine Warfare.
1. Fnejy Situation;
.r reconnaissance in the ray of B is cay was brisk; *5
planes were observed. Frcn tha convoy opera tiers area south of
Greenland various submarine sir- ting reports were intercepted.
rr:: the Tape area, an unidentified 7.S. steamer about 120 miles
south-southwest of Port Elizabeth transmitted an SSS call. The
steamer sank and the crew took to the lifeboats. It was evidently
a successful action by one of onx submarines.
2. Own Situation:
Operations against the convoy south of 1-reenland were
rreatly hampered : weather. *itli wind forces of up to north-
west 10, contact was sometimes lost. The assigned patrol lines
could not all be reached in time. Nevertheless, some results were
obtained. 7 "!':'.' « = -• = steamer of :,:■>: 3B art 7 "3-1* ar :,XC
~7 steamer carrying ii—iii ition. Operations have become even more
difficult because the enemy has apparently split up into several
groups. 7ne action is being contiruei, although it is doubtful
tter the submarines of Group "Ostmark" can regain contact wiv
the convoy in Back bad Heather*
Group "Raubgxaf" reports that submarine U "636" unsuccessfully at-
tacked an unaccompanied steamer :: : ,00C 2-7 ir. e 5 rruare AJ 5997.
Another :=st, unaccompanied steamer on southwesterly ccurse was
ased by U "376" in grid square BZ l_"c. Further reports are con-
tained in "fupplerent to the Submarine Sit_ati:r" in War liar;-,
Bart B, Vol. IV.
Z, Aerial Warfare.
1. rritish Isles and Vicinity:
- 56 - COIFTJJHiTIAL
7 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
In the west area 229 planes of the 3rd Air Force, including
173 fighters, were in action. Eighteen fighter-bombers attacked
Eastbourne, where great damage to houses is reported. In the even-
ing 37 bombers were sent out against Southampton. According to re-
ports so far received, 29 of them reached their target.
In the afternoon several enemy formations penetrated the Dunkirk-
Boulogne area. Our fighters made no contact with the enemy. In
the evening a total of 5h enemy planes flew into German territory,
25 of them over the coastal waters of the Heligoland Bight to drop
mines. Two of these were shot down. Four courier planes were
sighted flying towards Sweden and two towards England. Twenty-one
enemy planes were over Northwest France but made no attacks.
2. Mediterranean Theater t
Convoy INES CORRADO was escorted throughout the day by k£>
of our fighters. Three Boston planes were effectively fired on and
driven off. In the Tunisian area 159 fighters and 18 FW 190 planes
were employed as cover for fighter bomber and bomber formations.
They shot down 9 Spitfires over the southern front.
Shortly after noon Sousse was attacked by enemy planes. In the
evening 27 of our bombers were sent out to attack ships in Tripoli.
According to reports so far received, the attack was successful.
Southwest of Naples an enemy submarine was attacked by a Ju 88
plane; results were not observed.
3. Eastern Front t
The Trautloft fighter wing was again very successful in
the Lake Ilmen area. Reconnaissance was flown in the Black Sea
without special results.
Special Items t
Distribution of minesweeping planes as on 28 Feb. 19h3:
1.) 3rd Air Force: 8, ij of them operational,
stationed at Vannes, Cognac,
Nantes, Biarritz.
2.) Air Force Command, Center: 8, h of them operational,
stationed at Jever and Copenhagen;
2 more on the way.
3.) Uth Air Force: 2 in action from Kerch, a 3rd on
the way.
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7 Mar, 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
li.) Commanding General, Armed Forces,
South: 9> 7 of them operational,
based at Tunis and Bizerba;
2 others in Germany for repair.
This gives a total of 32 minesweeping planes distributed, of which
17 are at present operational.
VII* Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea,
1, Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
During the night of 6 Mar. 3 steamers and 2 corvettes from
the Atlantic entered Gibraltar. A convoy of 17 vessels, including
9 steamers and 3 tankers, escorted by 5 vessels, passed Tangier in
the forenoon on easterly course. Two tankers and a destroyer
entered Gibraltar. The other vessels proceeded into the Mediter-
ranean. On the same morning 3 steamers with 2 escort vessels passed
Tangier, also on easterly course. At 1800 Cape Spartel reported
sighting a very large convoy on easterly course. A great intensi-
fication of radio traffic from Gibraltar to escorts and auxiliary
vessels, observed by radio intelligence, is obviously connected
with this convoy.
According to an intelligence report of h Mar., there is an increase
of activity in Gibraltar similar to that at the time of the African
action. The accumulation of relatively large quantities of gaso-
line at the airfield and preparations for the provisioning of large
numbers of troops in transit is said to have been observed. Ac-
cording to an intelligence report from Portugal, a convoy with
troops and supplies for North Africa is expected to sail in the
middle of March from the west coast of England, mainly from Liver-
pool. It will reportedly carry Lh,000 men in nine troop transports.
No further reports have been received from the Western Mediter-
ranean. According to an intelligence report, during March air at-
tacks on the south coast of France will be intensified, in order to
disrupt the construction of defense installations.
On 6 Mar. a submarine was reported near Beau Due and another north
of San Vito, and on 7 Mar. one east of Sousse.
Exhaustive reconnaissance of the coastal waters between Solium and
Mersa Matruh on 7 Mar. produced no enemy sightings. According to
radio intelligence, light British vessels are believed to be at sea
in the area of Tobruk and Benghasi.
An intelligence report states that further heavy air attacks are to
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7 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
be expected in March against Southern Italy, especially Palermo,
Messina and Naples.
According to an intelligence report from Bulgaria, from a Syrian
source, the number of British submarines in the Mediterranean was
increased during February. Two submarines, stationed in Beirut,
operate regularly between the Greek islands. Others are stationed
at Malta, Haifa, Tripoli and Benghasi.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean!
Four Italian submarines were reported in the operational
area.
Submarine U "596" contacted a westbound convoy consisting of 25
steamers in grid square CH 81*35 and scored one hit out of five tor-
pedoes. U "77" reported a westbound convoy of 11-15 steamers at
2lh0 in CH 9U65.
The 3rd and 7th PT Boat Flotillas were not on operation due to bad
weather. For the same reason, minesweeping had to be discontinued.
The auxiliary minesweepers have returned to Palermo. On h and 5
Mar. a first moored mine check was made by Italian minesweepers in
the Toulon area. The submarine chase near Beau Due was unsuccessful
and was discontinued.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
The convoy consisting of the steamers CORRADO, BALZAC and
HENRY ESTIERE, with five torpedo boats, was attacked by enemy planes
at 0920 35 miles west of Marittimo. In spite of fighter escort by
six German and six Italian planes, the motorship CORRADO (6,200 GRT)
was set on fire. Steamers BALZAC ( 1,9U7 GRT) and HENRY ESTIERE
(1,981* GRT) were sunk about 12li5 while on further passage north of
Cape Bon, presumably by mines. As enemy planes were attacking at
the same time, there is also the possibility that they were hit by
bombs. A torpedo boat sent from Bizerta to meet the steamers was
sunk by a mine 5 miles south of the point where the ships went down.
According to a position report from the Air Force, it is possible
that the BALZAC, the ESTIERE and the torpedo boat were sunk by our
own mines. Attempts are being made to tow in the motorship CORRADO.
Other North African traffic was carried out according to plan.
li. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
No special reports have been received.
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7 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Black Seat
Enemy Situation*
Our air reconnaissance produced no results.
Own Situation:
Escort service was carried out according to plan. In ac-
cordance with a Fuehrer directive, the supply service Kerch-Anapa
is to be increased. After unloading and reloading two naval landing
craft are on their way back from Anapa,
There was only slight enemy air activity on 7 Mar., and 1,968
soldiers, U75 prisoners, 396 civilians, 2,218 horses, 100 motorized
and 53U horse-drawn vehicles were ferried over to the west. Twenty-
four naval landing craft and one lighter were used in 66 crossings.
It was impossible for PT boats to operate during the night of 7 Mar,
owing to bad weather.
VIII. Situation East Asia,
According to a report from the Japanese liaison officer, the convoy
bound for Lae consisted of 7 transports and was escorted by 8 de-
stroyers. During the numerous enemy air attacks north of Lie on 2
Mar, 3 transports were sunk and 3 others were heavily damaged; h
destroyers were also damaged. Three planes were lost and 25 enemy
planes were shot down. Most of the troops on board were saved.
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8 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Greece t
Diplomatic sources report that the resistance movement is growing.
In Northern Greece a communistic band is coming to the fore. At-
tacks, which up to now had been made only on the Italians, are now
also being made on German formations,
Arabia;
According to "Transocean" a treaty between Saudi-Arabia, Britain
and the U.S.A., concluded in October 19^2, has now been announced,
under which the British and Americans are given the right to es-
tablish air bases in Saudi-Arabia.
Conference on the Situation with Chiof , Naval Staff.
I, The report from Admiral, Atlantic Coast, forwarded by Group
West, concerning the difficulties encountered in carrying out the
naval anti-aircraft gun program, ( see War Diary, k Feb, "Situation
West Area") has led Naval Staff, Quartermaster Division to suggest
that Commander in Chief, Navy take up the matter with Armed Fbrces
High Command, Operations Staff with a view to removing the obsta-
cles raised by the Army offices. Commander in Chief, Navy stressed
first that obviously neither High Command, Navy nor Group West have
carried out the measures for putting into effect the Fuehrer di-
rective of the end of January with the energy called for by the
military importance of the matter. Chief of Staff, Naval Staff is
responsible not only for setting forth operational requirements,
but also for issuing orders to all offices to see that they are met
and not undermined by ministerial bureaucracy.
At the suggestion of the recently appointed Chief, Naval Ordnance
Division, Vice Admiral Backenkoehler, Commander in Chief, Navy has
ordered that, instead of approaching Armed Fbrces High Command,
Operations Staff, he will personally request Commanding General,
Armed Fbrces, West (by teletype) to see that the obstacles to the
expansion of air defense of the submarine bases be removed.
II, Report by Quartermaster Division, Fleet Branch, FT Boat Section
on the organization and numbers of light naval forces.
In a Highly Restricted Circlet
III, The question of command in the Central Mediterranean is at
present being discussed by Armed Fbrces High Command, Operations
Staff, Chief, Naval Staff considers that more German experiences
- 91 - CONFIDENTIAL
8 Mar, 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
in escort service and in mine clearing should be made available to
the Italians than heretofore. This would be possible by further
intermixture of German personnel, especially German officers, in
the Italian Navy. German Naval Command, Italy is to suggest how
this can best be done with due regard to the Italian mentality.
Considerations of prestige should be set aside, provided that the
great common goal can be achieved. The necessary personnel can be
sent from here. The aim must be for the German Navy, i.e. German
Naval Command, Italy to gain as much influence as possible in the
operational control and tactical execution of the convoys and their
escort.
Besides this, close cooperation in leadership must also be es-
tablished between German Naval Command, Italy and the Italian
Admiralty. To transfer this function of cooperation to the level
of Commanding General, Armed Forces, South/Italian Admiralty would
be illogical and disadvantageous to Naval Staff. Subordination of
the Italian Admiralty to German leadership in naval warfare is im-
possible. The only useful alternative is that Admiral, German
Naval Command, Italy be given the position of German Chief of Staff
in the Italian Admiralty. German Naval Command, Italy will retain
its previous organizational position.
Under the Hitler-Mussolini agreement of 19 Ul, the Chief of the
former liaison Staff, as German Admiral on the Italian Naval Staff,
was to take a direct part in its activities. Therefore Admiral,
German Naval Command, Italy already has some position in the Italian
Admiralty. Before Chief, Naval Staff informs Commanding General,
Armed Forces, South of this opinion and obtains the Fuehrer 's per-
mission to discuss the matter with the Italians, Admiral, German
Naval Command, Italy is to report his own views on the subject.
Copy as per teletype l/Skl la 7091/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XIV.
IV. A report by Chief, Naval Staff to the Fuehrer on the use of
Italian submarines as transports was submitted with letter l/Skl
I u op 712/1x3 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. K.
The so far evasive and casual statements of the Italians made a re-
examination of this question necessary. As a result of this exami-
nation ( see War Diary, 6 Mar.) it is proposed:
1.) To convert the ten Italian submarines into transports.
The Italian crews, already familiar with the boats, to be
left aboard, since it would mean a long training period
if they were taken over by German crews.
- 92 - CONFIDENTIAL
8 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
2.) Ten German operational boats from the new building
program to be delivered to the Italians as replacements
for the ten Italian submarines converted for our bene-
fit. These boats to be manned by Italian -crews who will
have to be trained by us.
V. Chief, Naval Staff approved Naval Staff's memorandum of 1 Mar.
19^3 on the question of the steel allocation for the Navy. Copy
No. 5 as per l/Skl I b 6U2/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C a.
VI. The Naval Attache, Tokyo reports that it is planned that Vice
Admiral Nomura be relieved by Admiral Abe. In view of Nomura's
excellent cooperation, Naval Staff deeply regrets this change, es-
pecially since Nomura could speak good German. Chief, Naval Staff
has ordered that an unofficial request be submitted on behalf of
the Navy that Nomura retain his post. For details see War Diary,
Part C, Vol. VIII.
Special Items:
I. At 19 UO the permanent representative of Commander in Chief,
Navy at the Fuehrer Headquarters telephoned to say that the Fuehrer
had ordered reports on the following matters to be made on the
morning of 9 Mar.:
1.) Present distribution and action readiness of German PT boats
and submarines in the Mediterranean.
2.) Present distribution of German submarine-chasers and their
planned commitment j size of the vessels, armament and speed.
When will the still outstanding vessels be ready for action?
3«) Similar information on auxiliary minesweepers.
lu) At which dockyards are these vessels repaired and made ready
for action? Who superintends these dockyards and how many
workers are employed there?
5.) When will the anti-aircraft corvettes be ready? What work is
being done on them? How many workers are engaged on them? In
which dockyards is the work being done?
Operations Division has ordered Quartermaster Division to make the
necessary investigations immediately.
The Fuehrer's interest in these details indicates the great
importance attached to the defense of supplies for Tunisia.
The question of whether all naval establishments have done
their utmost in this regard must be looked into.
- 93 - CONFIDENTIAL
8 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
II, A report, based on captured British documents, concerning
officers ' training courses for landing operations at the "Middle
East Training Center", has been compiled by Naval Intelligence
Division, Foreign Navies Branch. The information, gained from
lecture notes for the period 20-25 Oct. 19 ill, gives an insight into
the methods used to train officers of the three branches of the
Armed Forces in the execution of combined operations, especially of
landings. Details as per l/Skl 7U27A3 geh. in War Diary, File
"Data on the Enemy Situation 19 U3."
Situation 8 Mar. . .
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
No special reports.
2. Own Situation:
The REGENSBTJRG has been ordered by radiogram 215b, in
special code "Regensburg", that the order which will be delivered
by submarine at point "Reichsflagge" on 20 Mar. is to be studied
immediately on receipt and that the submarine is to stand by, or a
new rendezvous be arranged, so that answers to the various questions
in the order may be transmitted by radiogram from the submarine.
Radiogram 1732 of 7 Mar. to all vessels in foreign waters has been
elucidated by radiogram 2010, stating that the area north of the
line indicated is not to be traversed. It is further ordered that
Ascension Island be passed at a distance of at least 250 miles.
All vessels in foreign waters have been advised of enemy steamer
movements in the South Atlantic by radiogram 1835 •
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
A special report from Rennes dated 8 Mar., received via
the Intelligence Service, states that a British fleet consisting of
numerous warships, transports and assault boats left port on the
night of 5 Mar. for an unknown destination. It is alleged to be a
large-scale operation.
- 9h - CONFIDENTIAL
8 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Other reports speak of an action against Lorient in the period be-
tween 6 and 16 Mar. According to radio deciphering, at 13hl a
British home radio station broadcast the codeword "Famous'1 to all
naval forces in the home area. This may have been connected with
actual movements on which the above reports were based,
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast;
Two ELM/J mines were cleared off the Gironde estuary.
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla, comprising Z "23", Z "2U" and Z "32",
transferred according to plan and without special incident from
Cherbourg to Bordeaux,
Channel Coast t
The 8th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla reported a mine ex-
plosion in the sweeping gear northeast of Calais, On 7 Mar, three
ELM/j mines were cleared south of Boulogne,
During the night of 7 Mar, the 2nd, iith and 6th FT Boat Flotillas
put out for torpedo operations on the southeast coast. No convoys
were spotted. Two PT boats, S "llli" and S "119", of the 6th Flo-
tilla were chased by an enemy destroyer. During the chase the two
boats collided and S "119" was heavily damaged but was able to pro-
ceed. On their return passage the two PT boats were attacked by
three enemy motor gunboats and S "119" was so heavily damaged that
she had to be blown up. The crew was rescued by S "llli". The
initiative and foresight of the Commander of S "111*", Lt, Nitsche,
is especially stressed in the brief report of Group West, For copy
see teletype 1315.
In regard to the mine hit on PT boat S "70" in grid square 81i26,
upper left, during the night of h Mar, (see War Diary, 5 Mar,),
Naval Staff has drawn the attention of Commander, PT Boats (with
copy to Group West) to his War Diary of 15 May 19li2 in which, due
to an enemy report of drifting mines at 52° li' N, 2° UU • E, PT
boat flotillas were ordered to keep to a distance of five miles
from this point. Commander, PT Boats reports in this regard that
further radio intelligence had shown that it was not a question of
a minefield such as to endanger PT boats but probably some detached
drifting mines. His warning against mines of 15 May had therefore
been cancelled. Furthermore, the position of mines revealed in
charts captured from MGB "335" afforded no grounds for the es-
tablishment of PT boat danger zones and confirmed the accuracy of
our own observations of May 19^2 .
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8 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
III* North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters,
1. North Seat
A harbor tug en route from Helder to the Elbe sprang a
leak and was towed into the Jade. Two ELM/ J mines were cleared off
Ijmuiden, two off Ameland and seven more off Borkum, Juist, Norder-
ney and Rotersand, three of them by a minesveeping plane.
Escort service was carried out according to plan.
Staff Officer, Wilhelrashaven has forwarded a report on the interro-
gation of the crew of TLC "381" which was sunk in the Channel on 27
Feb. by one of our PT boats. For copy see teletype 2213.
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, there were four Russian
submarines off the north coast of Norway on 7 Mar. In the after-
noon very lively reconnaissance activity was detected over the
North Sea. Six planes of the Iceland squadrons were observed. At
1351 Cleethorpes transmitted an unintelligible codeword to an un-
known addressee (see "Enemy Situation West Area").
At 1200 our air reconnaissance reported a light cruiser 30 miles
southeast of Jan Mayen and a torpedo boat 70 miles southeast of Jan
Mayen on courses 210° and 200° respectively. At 1315 a FW 200
plane equipped with ship detection gear located ten vessels and a
destroyer about 180 miles southeast of Jan Mayen. The ships evi-
dently belonged to the QP convoy and were on course 210°.
Own Situation:
Enemy air activity was reported on 7 Mar. from the Bergen,
Kristiansand South and Lister areas and on the afternoon of 8 Mar.
from Trondheim.
Group North reports that, in view of the appearance of an increased
number of enemy submarines in the area of Admiral, Arctic Coast and
the shortage of escort forces, it is necessary to re-examine and
reduce the number of compulsory incoming routes in Northern Norway
(see teletype l85h)«
Since the laying of "3antos" barrages has been postponed on in-
structions of Naval Staff, for reasons of fuel oil, Group North has
ordered that the LtTETZOW be moved from Alta to Narvik as soon as
possible, so that she may take part in Fleet exercises.
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8 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Submarine Division has forwarded a report from a submarine stating
that no defense or patrols had been encountered in the Iceland-
Faroes area*
Group North reported at 0036 that, owing to weather conditions, the
SCHARNHORST had been advised to take the skerries route ( entrance
Kors Fjord), At 0130 the formation passed Kristiansand South 2\
hours behind schedule. A report that, on 7 Mar. between 2020 and
2035 Stadtlandet observed heavy gunfire at sea west of Jervik and
bright light in the same area at 20h5 and 2210, evidently has no
connection with Operation "Paderborn". Owing to stormy weather,
the formation sailed to the north outside the skerries and reached
approximately AF 59 Ul at 2200, where Admiral, Northern Waters as-
sumed command. The IHN and the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla were sent
to Bergen, having been damaged by heavy seas. So far the operation
has called forth no enemy reaction.
Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy was briefly ad-
vised at 2200 by Naval Staff on the progress of the operation so far.
The submarine operation against the QP convoy was continued without
contact being made. It is planned to terminate this operation on
11 Mar. at 22° W.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
1. Enemy Situation;
Naval Intelligence Division has compiled a report, based
on the statements of prisoners, on the activity and operations of
the Russian submarine S "7" in I9I4I and until she was sunk in the
Aaland Sea on 21 Oct. 19l2. Copy as per l/Skl 7U25A3 geh. in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
2. Own Situation;
Throughout the day the patrol line in the Skagerrak was
occupied by two boats, and by four during the night. Two boats
occupied the Hanstholm barrage gap. Escort service and channel
sweeps in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic were
carried out according to plan.
Target ship FREIBURG of the Torpedo Experimental Station struck a
ground mine south of Hela but put in to Gdynia under her own power
and without losses. A ground mine was cleared west of Falsterbo.
In the area of Admiral, Baltic States enemy activity continued as
usual, without special incidents.
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8 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
V, Merchant Shipping.
1.) The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping estimates shipments
for Mar. 19U3 as follows:
The shipping space required for supplies to the Armed Forces and
for maintenance of the war industries in Norway amounts, as in the
previous month, to h05>000 tons.
For supplies to Finland 8,000 tons and for supplies and coal to the
Baltic States 187,000 tons are required, as against 255,000 tons in
the preceding month.
In German coastal traffic (coal excluded) a total of about 125,000
tons is to be shipped in both directions. Coastal coal traffic
will amount to 260,000 tons, 60,000 tons of which are to be shipped
from Rotterdam. The question of the extent to which transport
traffic from Rotterdam is to be maintained is still under exami-
nation.
It is estimated that 175>000 tons of ore will be shipped from
Oxeloesund during Mar.
2.) Brief Report No. 5/U3 by Naval Intelligence Division, Foreign
Merchant Marine Branch contains information on : identification
markings of Irish merchantmen; French vessels in the Antilles;
Russian shipments via Karachi; the relative advantages of fast or
slow merchantmen, etc.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
There was lively air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay,
especially in the outer area.
2. Own Situation;
Contact with the convoy southeast of Greenland was main-
tained by several submarines. Operations are still hampered by
heavy storms which abate only temporarily and which have cut off
several steamers from the convoy. Four submarines were able to
attack such unaccompanied vessels and sank one tanker and three
steamers for a total of 23,000 GRT. The operation is being con-
tinued.
Further reports of success have not been received. Other reports
are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in War
Diary, Part Bf Vol. IV.
- 98 - CONFIDENTIAL
I)
0
8 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items:
1.) In Feb, submarine losses unfortunately amounted to 17, that is
7«39^ of the total on active service at the end of the month. The
average monthly loss since the beginning of the war has thus risen
to lu99*.
On 1 Mar. 19U3, ii20 submarines were in commission. Of these 230
are on active service, 27 at the Submarine Acceptance Command, 10l*
on active service training and 59 at schools and experimental
stations .
2.) The order of Naval Staff, Quartermaster Division concerning
organization of the submarine arm, dated 6 Mar., is to be found
as per l/Skl 7065A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
During the night of 7 Mar. Southampton and Portsmouth, as
alternative target, were attacked. Reasonably good results are ex-
pected. Three of our planes failed to return. During the day the
3rd Air Force had 309 planes, 222 of them fighters, out on oper-
ation in the west area and h in the Mediterranean. During the
night of 8 Mar. the convoy route between Dover and Margate was
mined by lk bombers. The enemy flew over the areas of Evreux and
Rennes during the day. Our fighters shot down six enemy planes.
Other enemy planes were shot down by anti-aircraft fire in the
Rouen area. In the evening strong forces attacked the southwestern
area of Germany, concentrating on Nuernberg.
Atlantic reconnaissance produced no results.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Sixty-two of our planes provided escort for the LABOR and
war transports KT "13" and KT "lb". An attack was made by Ul enemy
bombers with 65 fighters. Accurate bombing was prevented. There
were heavy air battles in which 5 enemy planes were shot down,while
we lost ii. Other planes on both sides were damaged by gunfire.
3» Eastern Front;
On 7 Mar. 83 enemy planes were shot down over the Army
fronts. One of ours was lost.
For results of reconnaissance by the 5th Air Force see "Situation
Northern Waters."
- 99 - CONFIDENTIAL
8 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items:
In agreement with Naval Staff, Commander in Chief, Air Force, Oper-
ations Staff has issued the following instructions:
1#) The Air Force General attached to Commander in Chief, Navy is
requested to transfer to Aalborg sections of the 1st Shipborne
Squadron, 196th Group ( including ground personnel), which are not
required aboard ships. Upon arrival at Aalborg, they will be under
the operational command of the 5th Air Force. There will be no
change in regard to administrative command.
2.) The Squadron will perform coastal reconnaissance, convoy escort
and submarine chase exclusively in the areas of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, Baltic and Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North. Transfer
of even a part of the Squadron is forbidden without the permission
of Commander in Chief, Air Fbrce. The Air Fbrce General attached
to Commander in Chief, Navy is authorized to recall any planes re-
quired aboard ships. The Navy's desires in regard to the Squadron's
participation in exercises of the Baltic training formation are to
be complied with as permitted by its other tasks.
3.) The 5th Air Fbrce Command will report the arrival of and as-
sumption of duty by the 1st Squadron, 196th Group, as well as the
arrangements made with the competent Naval Command offices in re-
gard to its employment.
Group North, North Sea and Baltic Stations and the Fleet Command
have been informed by Naval Staff.
VHI.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean!
In the Western Mediterranean eastbound convoy traffic has
become heavier t
The convoy of 10 steamers which entered the Mediterranean through
the Straits of Gibraltar on the forenoon of 7 Mar. was ii6 miles
east-northeast of Tres Forcas at 1830 on the same day, according to
a report from one of our submarines.
The large convoy reported at 1800 on 7 Mar. off Cape Spartel con-
sisted of lilt steamers and 21 warships. Seven of the steamers
entered Gibraltar at 0030. The main convoy, with 55 vessels, was
sighted at lliOO north of Cape Tres Fbrcas.
Another convoy of 8 large troop transports, escorted by 7 naval
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8 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
vessels, passed Ceuta at 1015 making for the Mediterranean. The
transports had set their minesweeping gear.
Finally, 7 transports with 5 escort vessels entered Gibraltar at
0730 and a convoy of 11 steamers with 6 escort vessels at 1000.
At 1730 a convoy of 11 transports and 23 steamers with 9 escort
vessels left Gibraltar for the Atlantic. At 1925 a large convoy of
about 25 steamers was approaching the Straits of Gibraltar from the
east. About 2200 one of our submarines detected a convoy of 11-15
steamers on west-southwesterly course IiO miles west of Cape Tenes.
Two transports, with 2 escort vessels, also sailing west, were re-
ported at 11145 27 miles east-northeast of Algiers.
The FORMIDABLE carried out taking-off and landing exercises in the
) Bay of Algeciras on the afternoon of 7 Mar,
According to an intelligence report, the transport ATHLONE CASTLE
embarked 2,500 men, believed to be commandos and gunners, on 5 Mar.
Her departure has not been ascertained with certainty.
The Italian tanker BOFMIDA reported several submarines northeast of
Gallo, near Palermo, at 0U50.
In spite of exhaustive reconnaissance of the coastal waters between
Solium and Derna, no sighting reports have been received from the
Eastern Mediterranean.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Four Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area.
During an attack on a convoy in CH 7598, submarine U "1*58" was
heavily depth-charged and will have to put in to port. U "602"
cannot enter Toulon since escort is impossible owing to bad weather.
Further details concerning our submarines are contained in "Supple-
ment to the Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
FT boat operations were also impossible due to bad weather con-
ditions. On 7 Mar. an enemy air attack was made on Sousse, during
which the steamer SKOTTFOSS was damaged. Shelters and part of the
anti-aircraft positions and ammunition were also destroyed. On 7
and 8 Mar. the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla was sent out on
rescue duties for the BALZAC, ESTIERE and torpedo boat CICLONE.
The mines were probably ones laid by an enemy submarine in the
traffic route between our barrages. Under present conditions it is
unlikely that our vessels would strike our own mines.
While channel sweeping on 7 Mar. 2 miles west-northwest of Cape
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8 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Zebib, the Italian ninesweeper group reported an explosion in the
sweeping gear. On the same day a plane swept an ELK/j mine north-
west of Marsalla.
On 7 Mar. submarine-chaser "2208" reported the probable destruction
of a submarine (wreckage) in the area southwest of Spezia.
Commander, Submarines, Italy reports that as from 1 Mar. Toulon can
accommodate five submarines f see teletype 1900) •
In War Diary, 18 Jan. 19h3, the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla had
requested provision of the Italian instructions for convoys and
Italian signalbook for convoys in German. German Naval Command,
Italy replied on 22 Feb. that the request would be followed up.
In Naval Staff's opinion such a request should not have been
necessary in view of the operational experience already gained.
In reply to an enquiry of 8 Mar., German Naval Command, Italy reports
that the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla has been provided with I-
talian instructions in German.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
No report on the arrival of war transports KT "13", KT "LU"
and tanker LABOR at Tunis and Bizerta has yet been received. The
successful defense against an enemy air attack on these vessels is
reported in "Aerial Warfare".
Otherwise nothing special to report.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
The Italian torpedo boat CASTEL-FIDARO arrived in Piraeus
to join the forces of Admiral, Aegean Sea. An unsuccessful attempt
was made to sabotage the Selinia searchlight station near Salamis.
Three German sailors and the director of the Tsangli chromium mine
near Volos were kidnapped by Greek bands, (see teletype 2005).
Convoy traffic was carried out according to plan.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
No special reports.
Own Situation;
FT boats were unable to operate due to bad weather. Ship
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8 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
"19" carried out submarine-chase on the south coast of the Crimea.
Mine check in the Varna area produced no results.
Ferry traffic over the Strait of Kerch was undisturbed by the enemy
and 26 naval landing craft made 66 crossings. The ice situation is
unchanged. On 8 Mar. 2,276 soldiers, 285 prisoners, 189 civilians,
2,56l horses, 376 motorized and 712 horse-drawn vehicles were
ferried to the west.
Between 6 Feb. and 7 Mar. the Navy alone ferried from east to west:
16,229 soldiers,
2,h83 prisoners,
2,587 civilians,
2,389 horse-drawn vehicles,
903 motorized vehicles,
9,591 horses.
Group South reports:
1#) After a conference with the Bulgarian War Minister at the
Fuehrer Headquarters, a Bulgarian commission headed by Colonel
Popoff discussed arms for Bulgaria with Armed Forces High Command.
In regard to coastal artillery, Colonel Popoff Informed the Bul-
garian War Ministry that six l5«5 era. batteries ( captured French
material) had already been allocated and shipped and seven more
15 .5 cm. batteries had been suggested and promised by Germany.
2.) The Bulgarians therefore assigned the personnel to be trained
for the first six batteries and detailed 2,500 Labor Service men to
begin construction of the emplacements.
3«) As the batteries did not arrive, the War Ministry made en-
quiries of Colonel Rangsloff, Chief of the Bulgarian Purchasing
Commission in Berlin. He was told by Colonel Muench of Armed
Forces High Command that only the following material was scheduled
for Bulgaria: one 22 cm. L/35 Rheinmetall battery, one 10.5 cm.
L/UO Skoda battery ( originally intended for Jugoslavia) and three
10.5 cm. L/28 batteries, plus two batteries of Dutch 7*5 cm. field
guns.
U.) If these seven batteries are scheduled, instead of the six
plus seven l5«5 cm. reported by Colonel Popoff, all the preliminary
work by Bulgaria will have been wasted, as the different calibers
and number of batteries will call for different emplacements. The
Bulgarian War Ministry therefore presumes that the seven batteries
( 7«5 cm., 10.5 cm., and 22 cm.) reported by Colonel Rangsloff are
the additional oneB promised to Colonel Popoff, and that the six
15 .5 cm, batteries previously allocated and reportedly already
shipped will be delivered to Bulgaria.
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8 Kar. 19li3 CCNmiriZAI
5.) The Bulgarian* do not require 7.5 at, batteries as they al-
ready have enough. It is proposed that they be replaced by 15.5
chi. batteries. Non-delivery of the first six 15.5 cm. batteries
would entail a great loss of prestige. Furthermore, as the defense
of the Thracian coast is of great importance in view of the de-
velopment in the Aegean situation, it is requested that the allo-
cation in accordance with the Bulgarian assumption set out in
par. Ii.) be recommended to Armed Fbrces High Command and that the
Group be advised of the result.
FVirther steps will be taken by ^uarternaster division.
II. Situation last Asia.
No special rercrts have been received.
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#
9 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Russia;
According to Reuter, the U.S. Ambassador in Moscow stated at a
press conference that, since his arrival in the U.S.S.R. , he had
been unable to find any information in the Russian press in regard
to the scale of assistance given by the U.S. It seemed to him that
the Soviets were trying to create the impression that they were
waging the war alone.
The Vice President of the U.S.A. declared in a broadcast that 19 1*3
or 19 Ui would decide whether the seed were sown for a World War
No. 3. Such a war would certainly come if the Allies failed to
stamp out the Prussian ideology in Germany, and it would probably
come if the U.S.A. played foul with Russia. It was necessary for
the western democracies and the U.S.S.R. to come to a satisfactory
understanding before the end of the present war. If close confi-
dence and cordial agreement were lacking between Russia and the
U.S.A., there would be the serious probability that Russia and
Germany would sooner or later make common cause together. A third
World War would also be inevitable if Moscow were to return to the
old ideology of world revolution or if British interests should
again be sympathetic towards anti-Russian movements in Germany or
other countries. Another cause of a third World War would be if
the U.S.A. returned to isolationism.
Turkey:
The seventh Turkish National Assembly unanimously re-elected Presi-
dent Inoenue. It is a foregone conclusion that Prime Minister
Saracoglu will be reinstated after the routine dissolution of the
Cabinet.
Arabia;
Reuter denies the report of a treaty between Great Britain, the
U.S.A. and Saudi-Arabia for the establishment of air bases in the
latter.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Report by Rear Admiral Ruge:
1.) The enemy mine situation in the Central Mediterranean is less
dangerous than it had at first seemed. After systematic channel
sweeping and reconnaissance by the Italians, the barrages have been
correctly plotted. The situation can be kept in hand in the future.
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9 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
The number of minesweepers and motor minesweepers is gradually in-
creasing. Prom May 50 Italian motor minesweepers can be counted on.
2.) The Italian escort service is inefficient. It is inexpert in
defensive movements and offensive action. It can be improved only
by German example and intermixture of crews.
3.) It is not easy to find an organizational solution to this
problem. First of all, a post must be found for Captain Bramsfeld.
It would be a good thing if he were appointed German Chief of Staff
to the Italian Admiralty at Trapani and also Commander of the
German naval forces stationed there. Convoys are directed ex-
clusively by the Italian Admiralty. The Admiral in Trapani has
little authority.
Chief, Naval Staff commented that very little could be done to
change this situation. It was therefore necessary that German
Naval Command, Italy, which was directly in touch with the Italian
Admiralty, should take a stronger hand. The number of vessels must
be increased. At the request of Commander in Chief, Navy, the
Reichsmarschall, who is now in Italy, is to bring pressure on the
Italians to this end. The question of assigning German personnel
to the escort services must be examined. German Naval Command must
investigate how German personnel can best be distributed among the
escort services and whether it would be wise to place German Naval
Command under the jurisdiction of the Italian Admiralty. Further-
more, the new staff of the German Naval Command must be manned with
suitable fresh personnel.
In regard to the above-mentioned efforts of the Reichsmarschall,
Admiral, German Naval Command, Italy reports that, following
further verbal and written approaches to the Italian Admiralty made
by him and on the basis of a detailed conference with the Reichs-
marschall on 6 Mar., the latter had discussions with Ambrosio and
Riccardi on 8 Mar., during which he requested that all small
vessels that can be requisitioned in the Italian area be put into
service. The Reichsmarschall pointed out that work has not yet
been started on the motor vessels which the Italians seized in the
south of France, and demanded that they also be fitted out at once
and that the two ex- French despatch boats and three torpedo boats,
which are at present in Italian ports, also be employed. The
Reichsmarschall offered the assistance of German personnel and will
ask the Duce, at today's conference, to issue the necessary orders.
Search for small vessels by German sea transport offices in the
ports to which they have access has so far been negative.
II. Naval Staff proposes that, of the two next blockade runners
expected home, the KARIN should come via the northern route and the
PIETRO 0RSE0L0 via the Bay of Biscay. Chief, Naval Staff has con-
curred.
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9 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items:
I. Group North has been ordered (with copy to the Fleet) to carry
out the transfer of the NUERNBERG to home waters at the next oppor-
tunity - April at the latest. In order to save fuel, the escort
should consist as far as possible only of such destroyers and tor-
pedo boats as have in any case to be returned to home waters. In
addition, gunboats will be considered. The LUETZOW is to remain in
the northern area for the time being. The decision as to how long
her return is to be delayed will probably be taken at the end of
Mar.
Situation 9 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report, a U.S. convoy which
took war material for Russia to Iran in November is now on its way
back to the U.S.A. carrying raw material. The ships will be loaded
partly in Durban and partly in Matadi. Another ( British) convoy,
coming from India, is assembling in Lagos for the passage to
England.
Submarine warnings were intercepted from the Persian Gulf and off
Colombo.
2. Own Situation!
The DOGGERBANK has been informed, by radiogram 18U2 in
special code "Doggerbank", that armed enemy trawlers are patrolling
off the whole of the Portuguese coast, generally at a distance of
5 to 15 miles, but in a few cases as far as 30 miles out. Groups
of trawlers have been spotted off Oporto, the Berlenga Islands,
Lisbon, Cape Espichel and Cape St. Vincent.
The DOGGERBANK has also been ordered, by radiogram 1231, not to
take the neutral channel mentioned in radiogram 1202 of 5 Mar.
before 18 Mar., because on 16 and 17 Mar. two eastbound convoys
from the U.S.A. will pass through this zone and, in view of her
slow speed, the DOGGERBANK must be behind them. Furthermore, the
DOGGERBANK has been informed that camouflage to resemble the
Spanish steamer MAR CANTABRICO, suggested on 6 Mar. , is no longer
feasible as she will be entering a Spanish port about 19 Mar. The
ship has also been advised that, when camouflaging as a harmless,
unaccompanied vessel, it must be kept in mind that neutrals sail on
a straight course and show lights at night, which should not be too
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9 Max. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
bright, and that enemy vessels steer zig-sag courses. Also that,
if any other vessel is sighted, evasive movements should be made
immediately.
The REGENS^TJRG has been ordered, by radiogram 220U, to sail from
point "Reichsflagge" to new point "Anton" • During her passage a
strip of 100 miles east and west of the line running from point
"Reichsflagge" to point "Anton" will be closed to our submarines.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
Nothing special to report.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
Mine-exploding vessels cleared one mine off Lorient and
another off the Gironde estuary. The latter, up to Le Verdon in-
clusive, is closed due to suspicion of mines.
Channel Coast:
No special events.
Special Iter.s:
A difference of opinion, which will be settled by Commanding Admi-
ral, Defenses, West, arose between the 2nd Coast Patrol Force and
the 8th Destroyer Flotilla in regard to the new use of radar inter-
ception aboard during the destroyers' westward passage. While the
2nd Coast Patrol Force claims that the radar interception sets gave
no clear picture in the Channel area, as too many coastal direction*
finding stations were picked up, the 8th Destroyer Flotilla states
that there was no disturbance at all from such stations during its
Channel passage and that, on the contrary, the radar interception
on all destroyers gave a completely uniform picture. For the two
opinions see teletypes OOiiO and 1955.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
One ELM/j mine was cleared near Terschelling and one near
Ameland. Five boats of the 28th Minesweeper Flotilla moved from
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9 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Cuxhaven to the west. Convoys and channel sweeping have been
carried out as planned. Defense positions were occupied according
to plan. In Antwerp, fire broke out on the bow of patrol boat
"208", presumably through a short circuit, but was extinguished.
Aerial mines are suspected on the convoy routes in the Borkura-
Heligoland area. At noon enemy reconnaissance flights were ob-
served over the North Sea as far as the Berlin area and back,
2, Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation!
According to radio intelligence there were three or four
Russian submarines in the area of the north coast of Norway, A
British vessel was located 120 miles north-northeast of the Faroes,
There was considerable reconnaissance activity in the Central North
Sea, At 2203 a U.S. steamer was sending SOS signals reporting that
she had been torpedoed about 120 miles northeast of Glettingaens,
A German steamer reported that she had sighted a British submarine
at 1100 on 7 Mar. at 58°23f N, 9° E, but had been unable to carry
out an attack due to sudden fog coming up.
According to an intelligence report from a diplomatic source in
Portugal, a large convoy with foodstuffs is to leave Glasgow and
other ports for Murmansk in the near future.
Own Situation;
The situation report from Admiral, Arctic Coast has not
come in owing to line trouble. Escort service in the north and
west coast areas was carried out according to plan,
Minelaying operation "Klein Erna" is to be carried out on 10 Mar,
Operation "Paderborn" was continued and accomplished according to
plan. The SCHARNHORST, with destroyer Z "28", anchored in Bogen
Bay in the afternoon.
Naval Staff appreciates the speed with which the task was per-
formed, especially the Commander's decision not to enter the
skerries and thus, by exploiting the bad weather, completing
the operation as quickly as possible.
Group North has placed the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla in Trondheim
at the disposal of the Commander of the TIRPITZ. It is planned to
move TIRPITZ to Bogen Bay on 11 Mar. She cannot be moved on 10
Mar. due to lack of covering forces. The STEINBRINCK is to take
part in the transfer. The BEITZEN is to remain in Trondheim,
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9 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
The LUETZCW will start her transfer from Alta Fjord to Bogen Bay on
10 Mar, at 1700. The codeword will be "Thueringen."
Our submarine operations against the QP convoy were hampered by
heavy seas. Contact made with unaccompanied vessels on 7 Mar. in
AA 8178 and on 9 Mar. in AE 3581 and 3822, on westerly course, did
not lead to any success. In AE 2669, a double miss was fired at a
fast unaccompanied vessel. From the reports of the submarines it
would appear that, presumably because of the bad weather, the con-
voy has broken up into small groups or single vessels.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
1. Enemy Situation;
The results of the interrogation of the Commander of the
Russian submarine S "7", who was taken prisoner on 21 Oct. 19U2,
have been evaluated by Naval Intelligence Division. For results as
per l/Skl 7262/13 geh. see War Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situ-
ation 1913."
A submarine was sighted in AO 339U (90 miles southeast of Arendal).
See "Enemy Situation Norway".
2. Own Situation:
At noon an enemy reconnaissance plane flew over the Western
Baltic. An ELM/A mine was cleared off Gdynia by cracker sweeping
gear. At noon two enemy reconnaissance planes were reported over
Tallinn.
Otherwise no special events.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
There was lively reconnaissance activity over the Bay of
Biscay by 30 planes. An unknown steamer reported from the North
Atlantic that she tried to ram a submarine and that her starboard
side and propellor had been damaged. No reports on this incident
have yet been received from our submarines. Two submarine sighting
reports south of Cape St. Vincent and one report of a submarine at-
tack 150 miles north of Cayenne were intercepted.
2. Own Situation:
Operations were successfully carried on against the convoy
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I
9 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
in AL in continued stormy weather. From among the convoy or de-
tached unaccompanied vessels three steamers totalling 17,000 GRT
were sunk and two more hits were scored. Contact was temporarily-
lost owing to heavy destroyer and air attacks. About UO bombs were
dropped on submarine U "560" within two hours. She suspects that
the plane was using a new kind of underwater location as, before
each bomb, location sounds similar to explosive soundings were ob-
served. The operation continues.
Group "Robbe" has been ordered to withdraw from the danger area
west of Gibraltar and has been alloted new operational areas in CF
35, 36, lli and 15.
Group "Raubgraf" has been sent out against a southwest bound convoy
which is expected on 10 Mar,
An outstanding success against an enemy convoy in EP 71-Ul ( 130
miles northeast of Cayenne) is reported by submarine U "510" ( Lt,
Cdr, Karl Neitzel). From an air-escorted convoy consisting of 15
steamers with 7 escort vessels, detected on 8 Mar,, the submarine
sank no fewer than 7 large steamers for U9,000 GRT and torpedoed
an eighth of 6,000 GRT.
In the Cape area, U "506" sank one steamer of 6,000 GRT on 7 Mar,
off Capetown and the U.S. steamer PEARL MOOR (U,58l GRT) on 9 Mar.
off Cape Agulhas. Due to collision with an unidentified object at
periscope depth, the submarine's sky search periscope was damaged
and she had to withdraw to the south for repairs.
The sinking of 11,000 GRT is also reported from the Mediterranean.
The day's results thus total over 80,000 GRT sunk. Further details
of this successful day are contained in "Supplement to the Subma-
rine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV,
Naval Staff's instructions in regard to division of Route "Anton"
into sectors "A"-"D" and closing of the sectors as from 10 Mar,
have been issued as l/Skl I u 717A3 Gkdos. Chefs, to Submarine
Division, Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had 235 planes, including l6l fighters,
on operation in the west area and 5 in the Mediterranean.
During the night of 8 Mar. lU planes mined the Thames and the Downs.
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9 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Twenty-six planes started out for an attack on Hull, where some •
large fires were observed. A nuisance raid was made by three planes
on Portland; no results were observed.
During defense against daylight air raids in the west area, six
enemy planes were shot down.
During the night of 9 Mar. 311 enemy planes flew over German terri-
tory. The center of attack was Munich. Nuisance raids were made
against the Ruhr and on the Renault plant at Le Mans.
Supplementary statements concerning losses and damage caused by the
attacks on Berlin, Essen and Nuernberg are contained in "Daily Situ-
ation."
2» Mediterranean Theater;
Operations in the area of the 2nd Air Force were hampered
by bad weather. During the night of 9 Mar. enemy ships at Algiers
were attacked by six bombers and six torpedo bombers. A bomb hit
on a steamer was observed.
3« Eastern Front:
On 8 Mar. 15 enemy planes were destroyed and on 9 Mar. Uu
No special reports have been received from the 5th Air Force.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
The westbound convoy sighted at 1925 on 8 Mar. east of
Gibraltar passed Ceuta between 19 UO and 20ii0. Of this convoy 11
steamers entered Gibraltar; 2li steamers, 1 tanker and 7 escort
vessels left the Mediterranean.
According to an Italian report, 6 medium-sized and 1 small vessels
left Gibraltar during the night of 8 Mar., some presumably to the
east and some to the west.
In the forenoon, 2 British auxiliary cruisers from the Mediterranean
and a convoy of 7 steamers with h escort vessels from the west put
in to Gibraltar. In spite of the lively shipping movements observed,
tonnage in the ports of the Western Mediterranean has not increased,
but has dropped in comparison with 3 Mar. The number of ships in
Gibraltar itself has remained almost unchanged.
According to an analysis made by Naval Intelligence Division, there
were about 183 merchant vessels, totalling about 950,000 GRT, in
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♦
9 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENT IAL
North African Mediterranean ports on 3 Mar. and 58 vessels totalling
350,000 GKT in Gibraltar.
On 9 Mar. there were 162 vessels in or en route to the Mediterranean
ports east of Gibraltar and 56 vessels in Gibraltar. This analysis
does not support the theory that the allegedly great activity in
Gibraltar might indicate the launching of a new operation by the
enemy. Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy; High Com-
mand, Army, Army General Staff and the Naval Liaison Officer at-
tached to Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff have been
advised of the figures compiled by Naval Intelligence Division.
Copy of the report l/Skl I m 78U6/U3 geh. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XIV.
Great eastbound convoy activity was noted in the Western Mediter-
ranean on 9 Mar, Our air reconnaissance reported that at 07^0 the
large eastbound convoy of 37 steamers with 12 escort vessels was 50
miles northeast of Oran and the 8 troop transports with 6 escort
vessels were 60 miles northeast of Oran, also sailing east. Another
part of the large convoy was sighted at 1215 12 miles north of Tenes
and at 1900 one convoy 15 miles northwest of Tenes and another 10
miles north of Algiers. One of the convoys, consisting of 25
steamers, sailing east, was detected at l8ii5 in CH 81*28 by one of
our submarines and successfully attacked.
Submarines were sighted east of Cape San Vito and off Cape Palinoro
(70 miles southeast of Naples).
No sighting reports have been received from the Eastern Mediter-
ranean.
An intelligence report states that anti-aircraft gunners trained in
Gibraltar are being transferred by air to Algiers and Tripoli. Ac-
cording to information from a British quartermaster, of 30 vessels
which left Gibraltar on 22 Feb. 30 ( ?) were bound for Casablanca.
All ports on the west coast of Morocco are said to be or to have been
crammed with supply ships, allegedly for a large-scale operation
against an unidentified target.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Four Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. Submarine U "596" sank two steamers totalling 11,000 GRT
from a convoy in CH 81*28. Three submarines have been ordered to
occupy the area between CH 7811 and 9513 in a north-south strip of
equal width. Further details are contained in "Supplement to the
Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
On the evening of 8 Mar. five of our submarine-chasers left Naples
for Palermo with an Italian convoy. An Italian minesweeper group
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9 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
cleared a mine on 8 Mar, 6 ndles east of Bizerta. The auxiliary-
motor minesweepers are en route from Salerno to Capri.
In view of the destruction of and damage to vessels in Sousse,
German Naval Command, Tunisia has requested that unloaded steamers
be sent back as soon as possible.
German Naval Command, Italy is of the opinion that the transfer of
a modern motor minesweeper flotilla to the Mediterranean via Seine-
Saone has shown that it would also be feasible to transfer ad-
ditional FT boat flotillas and has asked for the matter to be in-
vestigated.
The question of whether we can afford to withdraw FT boats
from the Channel area must be carefully considered.
German Naval Command, Italy has replied to the Fuehrer's questions
transmitted by Naval Staff on 8 Mar. Copy of teletype l/Skl 7018/U3
Okdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV. Naval Staff has forwarded
the statements to the permanent representative of Commander in Chief,
Navy at Fuehrer Headquarters.
Vice Admiral Weichold reports the handing-over of his duties as Ad-
miral, German Naval Command Italy to his successor.
Submarine-chaser "2205" left Marseilles for Genoa. It is planned
for her to sail in company with submarine-chaser "2208" from Genoa
to Naples.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
The tanker LABOR and war transports K "13" and "ill" entered
Biaerta and Tunis on the evening of 8 Mar. according to plan. At
noon the LABOR was attacked by twelve enemy bombers ( see War Diary,
8 Mar.) War transports K "13" and "lit" successfully warded off the
attack, evidently in cooperation with fighter escort. On the after-
noon of 9 Mar. both transports again left Tunis and were ordered to
anchor off the coast during the night and continue on to Italy in
daylight.
Operations by naval landing craft and Siebel ferries were impossible
due to bad weather.
A tanker left Marseilles for Genoa.
U. Area Naval Group South t
Aegean Sea:
Nothing special to report.
-lib - CONFIDENTIAL
9 Mar. I<?li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation:
No special reports have been received.
Own Situation:
At 1700 on 8 Mar, an enemy submarine unsuccessfully at-
tacked the WOLGA-DON steamer convoy southwest of Cape Tarkhankutxki,
Depth charges dropped by two Rumanian gunboats achieved no results.
Owing to bad weather operations by the 1st PT Boat Flotilla against
enemy supply traffic between Tuapse and Ghelenjik had to be sus-
pended.
In the afternoon three naval landing craft left Kerch for Anapa
( lith Transport Unit),
During ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch naval landing craft
MFP "371" was sunk with her crew north of the fish salting plant by
striking a mine. Traffic to the fish salting plant was temporarily
stopped. At 1930 mine laying was observed on the route to the fish
salting plant. Operations by minesweeper plane and with cracker
sweeping gear are planned for 10 Mar, Enemy air attacks on Kerch
and the fish salting plant caused no naval damage. The ice situa-
tion is unchanged.
The following were ferried west: 2,870 soldiers, 359 prisoners,
556 civilians, 2,5U7 horses, 170 motorized and 703 horse-drawn
vehicles etc. Due to mining of MFP "371", rough sea at Taman and
the fish salting plant and to the fact that some naval landing craft
are damaged and others are running to Anapa, the Navy's partici-
pation was limited.
VIII, Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received,
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
U.S. A. /Russia:
The statement made by the U.S. Ambassador in Moscow ( see War Diary,
9 Mar.) has led Under Secretary of State Welles to disassociate
himself formally from the Ambassador's attitude and to emphasize
the complete confidence and understanding obtaining between the
Washington and Moscow Governments. He admits, however, that there
is a difference of opinion concerning the need for a second front
in Europe, and that history alone can decide whether the Russian or
the American view is right.
According to Reuter, the U.S. Secretary for War has demanded an
Army of 8,200,000 by the end of 19U3. This figure includes an Air
Force of 2,500,000 men and an auxiliary corps of 150,000 women.
The Army will be organised as an offensive arm and will take ad-
vantage of a series of valuable opportunities in order to finish
the war as soon as possible.
Great Britain:
On account of its fundamental importance, the U.S. Vice President's
speech has received the greatest attention not only in the U.S.A.
but also in England, since it concerns the creation of a new World
Order by which Great Britain and America, as well as the Soviet
Union, are similarly affected.
China:
The U.S. Ambassador in Chungking has been ordered to report in
Washington, evidently in connection with the increasing difficulties
with which Chiang Kai-Shek is threatened due to the lack of material
aid from his Allies.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Report by Chief, Bureau of Naval Armament on the distribution
of the Navy's iron quotas for the second quarter of 19ii3. Including
the additional allocation of U0,000 tons arranged for by Commander
in Chief, Navy, there is a total of l6U,795 tons available as
against a minimum requirement of 180,000 tons. The deficit thus
amounts to about 16,000 tons. The available quantities of steel
are, in general, sufficient to satisfy all major war requirements.
Temporary postponements and delays in completion must be accepted.
Some details of the proposals agreed between the offices will be
modified by Commander in Chief, Navy. For instance, material for
further construction of the French destroyer OPINIATRE and of our
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10 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
own torpedo recovery vessels is to be drawn from reserves.
Commander in Chief, Navy again stressed his willingness to come to
a friendly understanding with the Reich Minister of Armament and
Ammunition and instructed all offices to govern themselves ac-
cordingly.
II. Chief, Bureau of Naval Armament proposed that Commander in
Chief, Navy should use his influence with the Reich Minister of
Armament and Ammunition so as to supply the deficit of raw materi-
als for the naval facilities actually available in order to step up
submarine construction. This should also include intensification
of torpedo construction and all projects of total priority for
submarine warfare.
Commander in Chief, Navy concurred.
Chief, Naval ( Ship) Construction Division was authorized to in-
tensify submarine construction without restriction.
III. Naval Staff proposed that the following order be issued to
Group North, the Fleet, Commanding Admiral, Task Force and Admiral,
Northern Waters:
"Following reinforcement of the surface forces in Norway by
the addition of the SCHARNHORST, possibilities for employing
the vessels against enemy traffic in northern waters are to be
resolutely exploited in conformity with the orders of Commander
in Chief, Navy of 19 Feb. 19b3« In order not to betray the
operational plans prematurely to the eneny, it is advisable
for the first action to be started from the Narvik area. Group
North will submit a basic scheme for operations by the vessels
against eneny traffic in northern waters, as well as a di-
rective on the employment of naval forces in defense against
enerry landings."
Chief, Naval Staff concurred.
Copy of teletype l/Skl I a 737A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part
C, Vol. II a.
IV. Spanish deliveries of lead to Germany, which are made ex-
clusively by sea via Mediterranean ports, amount to 5>000 tons or
2.5$ of German lead consumption and are therefore not of decisive
war importance.
V. German Naval Command, Italy reported in detail on the demands
made by the Reichsmarschall during his conference with Ambrosio and
Riccardi on 8 Mar. Teletype as per l/Skl 730A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in
War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
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10 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The difficulty of maintaining supplies to Tunisia would have to be
overcome by definite concentration. The escort problem could be
fundamentally solved by assigning the defensive tasks to the Navy
and the offensive tasks to the Air Force.
Germany had contributed by detaching considerable naval forces to
the Mediterranean,
The Italian Navy must be required to:
1.) Transfer the whole matter of supply protection into the hands
of a Chief in the Naples-Tunis area: Manfredi, with German Chief
of Staff.
2.) Increase the exchange of experience by embarking experienced
German naval officers on Italian escort vessels and Italian offi-
cers on German vessels.
3.) Assign personnel to gunnery training courses.
li.) Release the ex- French destroyers from Toulon for use as trans-
ports.
5.) Expedite the fitting out and employment as anti-submarine
vessels of the French motorboats now in Riviera ports, which have
been alloted to Italy. Similar use of the two French despatch
boats and three French torpedo boats lying in Italian ports.
6.) Make use of even the oldest planes for direct escort. Simi-
larly employ all small vessels that can be requisitioned. If
personnel difficulties are encountered in Italy, Germany is ready
to provide personnel.
7.) Lay mines on the east Tunisian coast. The Italians must
urgently assign minelayers. Also, the minelayer CASTOR in Bizerta
must be fitted out and perhaps delivered to the German Navy.
8.) Provide dockyard capacity (urgently necessary), priority of
course being given to the Italian Navy.
9«) Provide fire-fighting parties for merchant vessels in case of
hits.
10.) Improve supply facilities in Southern Italy and the area of
Sicily by every available means. Small vessels to be used for this
purpose, in order to relieve the railroads.
VI. Quartermaster General:
a.) Armed Forces High Command has transmitted a request from the
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10 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Bulgarian Navy: Only delivery of the requested minesweeping gear
can be considered,
b.) Commander in Chief, Air Force has advised that the Air Force
will have to use the remaining quota of 8,000 tons of iron per
month itself, as it has been decided not only that the 60 Siebel
ferries already under construction are to be completed but that a
total of 100 ferries is to be built.
Chief, Naval Staff has ordered a reply to the effect that he is
relying on the word of the Reichsmarschall and that furthermore the
Reich Minister of Armament and Ammunition has already ordered that
the quota be transferred to the Navy.
VII. Report by Quartermaster Division, Fleet Branch, Reserve Ship
Section on the situation of reserve warships, i.e. merchant vessels
under the ensign (totalling 2,111 vessels).
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
VIII. The Italian High Command reports that on 8 Mar. the following
order was handed to German Naval Command, Italy t
1.) The possibility of an enemy landing in Sardinia during March
must be taken into account.
2.) Emergency bases are to be prepared for the transfer of the 3rd
and 7th FT Boat Flotillas to Sardinia.
3«) The center for submarine operations will be the Western Mediter-
ranean.
li.) The time required for 2.) and plans for 2.) and 3.) are to be
reported.
At the same time German Naval Command, Italy reported having received
the relevant order from Commanding General, Armed Forces, South.
The directive at first sounds strange, especially as the subma-
rine operational center was long since designated by Naval
Staff. However, under present relations, no formal exception
can be taken to the manner of the order.
As it is not certain whether the operations of the FT boat flotillas
will be executed in the best and most successful way from Sardinia,
Naval Staff proposes to call the attention of German Naval Command,
Italy to this matter and to ask for a report on operational plans.
Chief, Naval Staff concurred. A corresponding directive will be
issued to Admiral, German Naval Command, Italy.
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10 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items;
I. Group West has advised Naval Staff for information of the re-
quest that the 3rd Air Force and Air Commander, Atlantic Coast
should perform intensive air reconnaissance in connection with the
sailing of the blockade runners in the second half of March and in
April. Teletype as per l/Skl 799/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. II b.
II. Group West has submitted a copy of the Group's order for
Operation "Gisela". Copy as per l/Skl 519A3 Gkdos. Chefs, is con-
tained in File l/Skl I opa, Operation "Gisela".
III. Naval Staff's attitude to Operation "Regenbogen" is set out in
the "Final Report on the Engagement in Northern Waters on 31 Dec.
19U2" compiled on 23 Jan. 19U3 for the Fuehrer.
Group North and the Fleet Command view with general approval the
performance of Admiral, Northern Waters, Commanding Admiral, Task
Force and the Commander of the cruiser LUETZCW, with special con-
sideration of the restrictions and the difficult sighting and
observation conditions in the zone of operations. In order to
establish the experience gained and so that it may be exploited in
subsequent actions, the following points must, however, be clearly
noted:
1.) The radiogram (No. 16U8) of Admiral, Northern Waters to Com-
manding Admiral, Task Force, in which the directions given in the
operational order concerning behavior in face of the enemy were
modified and made stricter, must have imposed a severe strain on
Commanding Admiral, Task Force and the commanders of the vessels
during the action. This modification of the operational order was
in itself unnecessary and was not contemplated by Naval Staff when
reference was made by telephone to the restrictions still in force
for commitment of the vessels. In any case, the form of the radio-
gram as selected by Admiral, Northern Waters ( " not desired by
the Fuehrer") was most unfortunate.
2.) In his final comments on Operation "Regenbogen" (War Diary,
page 33 onwards) Commanding Admiral, Task Force states that he
based his decisions on considerations made by him in connection
with projected Operation "Silberstreif" on 20 Nov. and set forth in
his operational order for that action. This operational order of
20 Nov. of Commanding Admiral, Task Force did not come to the
knowledge of Naval Staff until after 31 Dec.; but even if it had
been received beforehand, it would not have been rejected, because
the views and plans in regard to the attack on the convoy as therein
described conform perfectly with the experiences gained and the
principles established, particularly in the course of repeated Fleet
exercises. On 31 Dec. Commanding Admiral, Task Force deployed the
formation according to these basic considerations of his own. By
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10 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
so doing , he successfully managed to keep the bulk of the enemy-
escort forces to the north of the convoy engaged in continuous
battle with the HIPPER, thus creating the conditions for a success-
ful attack on the now weakly defended steamers by the LUETZCW,
which approached the convoy from the south about two hours later,
3») The Commander of the cruiser LUETZCW failed to recognize this
favorable situation and therefore did not exploit it. If, in view
of the restrictions laid down, he had decided not to take his ship
into the snow-storm that screened the convoy, he should at least
have taken it upon himself to send his destroyers in to attack. A
brief hint from Commanding Admiral, Task Force who, with the HIPPER,
had drawn the bulk of the enemy escort forces, would have helped
the Commander of LUETZCW to recognize this favorable situation and
its possibilities for hire.
lu) There is no question of a superiority of enemy forces. In
fact, only the anticipated forces appeared, while it was an es-
pecially favorable circumstance that the two British cruisers from
Kola Bay did not reach the scene of battle until dusk had fallen.
The enemy achieved superiority only when the fighting strength of
the cruiser HIPPER was reduced by a hit right at the beginning of
the engagement.
5.) The briefing of the operational command during the operation
and the report submitted on its completion must be objected to in
several respects. Commanding Admiral, Task Force ought to have re-
ported the appearance of the enemy cruisers much earlier. The
radiogram from submarine U "35U" gave an entirely wrong idea of the
situation; it should not have been sent in this form. The first
brief report on the operation should already have contained infor-
mation on the performance of the task assigned, i.e. on the suc-
cesses achieved and those not achieved.
These comments by Naval Staff have been transmitted to Group North
and to the Fleet Command with the request that Admiral, Northern
Waters, Commanding Admiral, Task Force and the Commanders concerned
be informed.
A copy of Naval Staff's final report on the battle of 31 Dec. 19l2
is attached.
Situation 10 Mar.
I« War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
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10 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
2# Own Situation:
The REGENSBURG and KARIN have been instructed by radiogram
1955 that both vessels will embark a meteorologist to assist the
Captain and that both will be equipped with a radar interception
set and two operators.
The KARIN has been informed by radiogram 1003 in special code
"Karin" that she is to sail back to Norway probably south or north
of Iceland and that at point "Raumleiter" she is to meet a subma-
rine which will deliver operational orders and charts.
The REGENSBURG has been advised by radiogram 0217, in special
"Regensburg" code, in regard to the steamer ST. GOTTHARDT, which is
sailing shortly from the U.S.A. and might be used for purposes of
camouflage. The REGENSBURG has also been instructed that, when
camouflaged as a neutral vessel at night, she should illuminate the
national colors on her side in such a way as to dazzle observers
from the outside. This effect has been observed several times by
our submarines.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Atlantic Coast:
One EIM/j mine was cleared in BF 6868 and another 27 miles
west-southwest of Lorient.
Two boats of the 2nd FT Boat Flotilla are to transfer from Nantes
to Brest on 11 Mar.
Naval Staff's order to Group West in regard to combining the sailing
of the four blockade runners with the bringing in of the PIETRO
0RSE0L0 has been issued by l/Skl I k 727/13 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in
War Diary, Part C, Vol. II b.
2. Channel Coast:
North of Dieppe, a UMA/K mine exploded in the sweeping
gear. On route "Herz" in the Calais area five EFA mines were
cleared; seven ELM/j mines were cleared on the diversionary route
south of Boulogne.
Seven boats of the 5th FT Boat Flotilla, put in to Peter Port from
Cherbourg.
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
III, North Sea, Norway.
1. North Sea;
Enemy Situation:
Interpretation of the air reconnaissance photographs shows
6 steamers in Dundee, plus 1 in the stocks and 1 destroyer in dock.
At Newcastle there was 1 passenger ship and 1 broken-up passenger
ship. Also spotted: 38 steamers and 3 tankers totalling about
200,000 GRT, 2 heavy cruisers in dock, 1 light cruiser, 1 auxiliary
aircraft carrier under construction, 6 destroyers and other small
vessels.
At Sunderland there were 2 steamers, at Hartlepool 1 destroyer in
dock, 8 steamers and 11 more steamers in the stocks.
In Sheerness 2 destroyers were observed; in the Thames estuary, h
destroyers, 2 (probable) anti-aircraft cruisers, 5 steamers and 32
coastal vessels, as well as 80 boats.
Cwn Situation:
Air reconnaissance for light enemy forces reported off
Ijmuiden and Helder was unsuccessful. This was probably a mistaken
report.
During an enemy PT boat attack on one of our convoys near point
"Max 1", three FT boats were destroyed and two others set on fire.
Fourteen prisoners were picked up. Details of the action are not
yet available.
Escort service was otherwise carried out according to plan. One
ELM/j mine was cleared off Norderney and another one off Borkuiru
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence there were four Russian
submarines off the north Norwegian coast and two more at sea in
the training area.
What were probably three destroyers were observed in the Murmansk
area.
On 8 Mar. a destroyer and two other naval vessels left Polarnoye
for Kola Bay to bring in a submarine.
A British vessel was located 100 miles east-northeast and another
20 miles northwest of the Faroes.
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Air actiTity was especially lively in the direction of Jutland to
the west coast of southern Norway near Bergen*
On 8 Mar. our air reconnaissance reported an assembly of seven
merchant vessels, including ships of up to 5,000 GRT, north of
the Faroes. The report appears unreliable.
At l6h2 our radio intelligence intercepted reports of the sinking
of the U.S. steamer RICHARD BLAND (6,800 GRT) in AE 2829 after
having been torpedoed.
Own Situation;
A Russian inertia contact mine was cut in the entrance to
Sylte Fjord. Grid squares AC 8U85 and 8U28 were closed owing to
mines.
Admiral, Arctic Coast's situation report has not come in due to line
trouble.
Convoy traffic was carried out according to plan.
Minelaying operation "Klein Erna" had to be further delayed due to
weather conditions.
The transfer of LUETZOW, with the RIEDEL, Z "31" and BRUMMER, from
Alta Fjord to Bogen Bay began at 1700.
The transfer of TIRPITZ, with the JACOBI and GALSTER and the 3^
Torpedo Boat Flotilla, is to begin on 11 Mar.
In spite of great difficulties due to ice and weather conditions,
operations against the PQ convoy were continued.
On 9 Mar. at 2200 submarine U "586" sank a steamer of 3,000 GRT in
AE 35?lu The submarine also fired ten misses at two other steamers.
The submarines' return passage is to begin at 2000 via three position
lines. For details see "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in
War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
Naval Staff has informed Group North of the decision of Commander
in Chief, Navy that blockade runner KARIN is to attempt the northern
passage. Copy of order l/Skl I k 718/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part V, Vol. II a.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The Hirtshals-Arendal patrol line is occupied by two patrol boats.
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Escort service was carried out according to plan.
Seventeen vessels were engaged in channel sweeping. One mine was
cleared east of Anholt and one in Holding Fjord, About 30 enemy-
planes flew into the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic
during the night of 10 Mar. No mine warning has been issued.
No special reports have been received from the area of Admiral,
Baltic States.
Naval Staff has informed the Naval Attache, Stockholm in regard to
closing the Gulf of Bothnia by laying mine barrages. This matter
has been discussed with the Finnish Naval Staff. Copy l/Skl I Nord
6587A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Lively reconnaissance activity in the Bay of Biscay by 31
planes.
2. Own Situation:
The operation against the convoy in AK was continued in
stormy weather. Three vessels in the convoy, for 15,000 GRT, were
sunk and four others for 26,000 GRT were torpedoed.
Operations against this convoy, carried out by Groups "Ostmark" and
"Westmark", will be discontinued on 11 Mar.
Today's sinkings were achieved by submarines U "U09", U n6l6M and
U "229 "•
In BD 2268, submarine U "336" of Group "Neuland" spotted an east-
bound convoy whose presence had been revealed by radio deciphering.
In the course of the day a large number of this Group's submarines
made contact with the convoy.
By 2126, submarine U "221" had already sunk three ammunition steamers
totalling about 30,000 GRT from this convoy.
No success reports have been received from the other submarines in
the North Atlantic.
Submarine U "580" sank an 8,000 GRT tanker and an 8,000 GRT ammun-
ition ship from a convoy of six steamers in the West Indies. A
second convoy of about 30 steamers was spotted by this submarine on
the same day. However, contact was lost owing to strong defense.
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10 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Farther details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situ-
ation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol, IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had 257 planes out on operation, 8 of
them in the Mediterranean. The attack carried out on Hull by 20
planes with Portland, Great Yarmouth and Grimsby as alternate
targets, was described as a good success by the Air Force General
Staff.
During the night of 10 Mar., 3U enemy planes flew over Reich
territory. Five of these probably dropped mines in the eastern
Baltic.
Nuisance raids were made on the Ruhr.
In Belgium and northern France, 3$ enemy planes attacked traffic
installations and probably mined the west coast.
2. Mediterranean Theatert
No special reports have been received.
3. Eastern Front:
On 9 Mar. hh enemy planes were destroved over the Army
fronts.
On 10 Mar. the 5th Air Force reports that 22 enemy planes had been
shot down in the Murmansk area.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
According to an intelligence report from Spain, the
FORMIDABLE is expected to sail during the night of 10 Mar. or on
11 Mar.
German air reconnaissance reported that a fast convoy of three
steamers with three destroyers entered Algiers on the afternoon of
9 Mar.
On the morning of 10 Mar., a convoy was ten miles north of Algiers.
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
In the afternoon, six westbound destroyers were observed 26 miles
east-northeast of Algiers,
One submarine was detected in the Adriatic south of Spalato,
No sighting reports have been received from the Eastern Mediter-
ranean,
According to photographic interpretation, the harbors of Phalos and
Simasol on Cyprus were vacant at liiOO on 10 Mar,
2, Own Situation Mediterranean;
Four Italian submarines were in the operational area. No
action reports have been received from our own submarines. Details
are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in War
Diary, Part B, Vol. IV,
During the night of 9 Mar, PT boat flotillas were unable to operate
owing to weather conditions. For the same reason, the special
mission of the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla had to be discontinued
on the afternoon of 9 Mar,
3, Sea Transport Situation:
German Naval Command, Italy attributes the sinking of the
steamer HENRY ESTIER and the torpedo boat CYCLONE on 7 Mar, near
Cape Bon to mine hits. The steamer BALZAC was sunk by a bomb.
Otherwise nothing special to report,
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
/
An Italian source has informed the Naval Attache, Istanbul
that the Turkish Navy intends to carry out sweeping on the barrages
off the Dardanelles, In Group South 's opinion, this plan is incom-
patible with the German declaration on the Aegean Sea operational
area.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, there was little shipping
traffic off the east coast during the forenoon. Seven merchant
vessels and several boats were observed in Ghelenjik, four PT boats
in Sochi and one tanker in the roads.
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10 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Own Situation:
On account of bad weather neither German nor Italian PT
boats were on operation.
Admiral, Black Sea reports that 3>000 cbra of Diesel oil per month
are required for naval vessels and 1,200 cbra masout per month for
the power plant at Sevastopol, as the naval landing craft and
transports now in operation must be able to carry out repairs and
dock in Sevastopol if necessary. The matter will be dealt with by
Quartermaster Division.
No naval landing craft traffic in the Strait of Kerch was possible
because of rough seas off the fish salting plant and Taman and be-
cause the channels were closed. Clearing operations by minesweeping
planes were unsuccessful. Due to the bad weather, cracker sweeping
gear could not be used.
Traffic to Kossa Chuchka by combined operations landing craft could
be maintained only by bringing a tender back into service.
2,051 soldiers, 368 prisoners, 337 civilians, 1,318 horses, 226
motorized and 316 horse-drawn vehicles were ferried to the west.
Three naval landing craft with supplies left Anapa for Kerch.
By directive of High Command, Navy/Naval Staff, Quartermaster
Division, Organization and Mobilisation Branch of 10 Mar. the est-
ablishment of a 5th Landing Flotilla has been ordered. The Flotilla
is to be under the operational command of Admiral, Black Sea, and
will be administered by him separately.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report,
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11 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Russia/U.S.A.:
The Russians reluctance to acknowledge Allied deliveries in the
press is ascribed by American observers in Moscow to the three
following factors:
1.) The Soviet Union does not wish her Allies to assume a
"fraternal"attitude in sending material to Russia.
2,) Russia's main desire is for the U.S.A. and Great Britain
to open a second land front in Europe.
3.) Deliveries have apparently not come up to the original
estimates due to losses and other reasons.
Great Britain;
In the debate on the Navy estimates in the House of Commons, a
Conservative member demanded that the Navy be given the same kind
of priority as the Air Force. Other members pointed out that it
was more important to destroy submarines than to make air raids on
Germany.
In the House of Lords, Vansittart declared: "My only wish is to
annihilate Germany as a military power once and for all. I would
welcome the survival of Germany provided that it were an entirely
different Germany, bearing no resemblance either in manner,
substance or spirit to the second or third Reichs which have brought
such immeasurable suffering upon mankind."
The Admiralty Parliamentary Secretary stated in the House of Commons
that the Government would continue its policy of not publishing
merchant shipping losses. It was to be expected that the number of
German submarines would continually increase but losses and means
of defense were also increasing. The Fleet Air Arm had a suitable
priority as compared with the RAF. It was planned to construct
more fast ships than had ever been built before.
An article in the "Observer" describes the submarine danger as the
greatest obstacle to the establishment of a second front in Europe.
Allied attempts to concentrate their forces were seriously delayed
by sinkings of ships.
According to a statement by the Ministry of Economic Warfare on the
importation of petroleum to Spain, a reliable system of quotas has
been set up which will ensure supplies based strictly on Spain's
own domestic requirements.
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11 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Spain;
The Spanish Ambassador in Buenos Aires stated in an interview that
a large proportion of the Spanish people was in favor of resto-
ration. Franco is said to have hinted in one of his speeches that
re-establishment of the monarchy might be possible on certain con-
ditions but, under present circumstances could not be carried out.
North Africa:
The frontier between French and Spanish Morocco has been closed for
several days.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Quartermaster General reported that General von Unruh will be
unable to attend to his duties for two months owing to an automobile
accident. It is planned to make a check-up in the North German
coastal area on 21 Mar. Chief, Naval Staff recommended a post-
ponement. Quartermaster Division will make further arrangements.
Quartermaster General further reported that the first naval landing
craft ( artillery) was ready for action on 7 Mar. and that the Air
Force has so far provided no anti-aircraft reinforcement at the
submarine bases in western France, evidently due to the air raids
on Germany.
II. Report by Operations Division, Foreign Affairs Section sug-
gesting that a letter be sent by Commander in Chief, Navy to the
Spanish Naval Minister in order to lay emphasis on delivery of arms
by the Navy and make the effect of this measure as lasting as
possible. Commander in Chief, Navy concurred. Details are given
in VJar Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
( In the margin note by Chief of Staff, Naval Staff: "The
letter has been stopped and will be sent with certain modi-
fications." Tr.N)
III. Chief, Navalf Ship) Construction Division reported on the reasons
for the delay in provision of cupola armor for FT boats, which is
due principally to priority for the "Tiger" program over naval de-
liveries.
Commander in Chief, Navy regards this as further proof of the need
to re-organize the question of priorities for naval matters.
IV. On 9 Mar., a conference was held between Chief of Staff, Naval
Staff and Vice Admiral Nomura and Rear Admiral Yokoi concerning the
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11 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
delivery of new German submarines to Japan, Minutes of the con-
ference as per l/Skl I opa 739 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part
C, Vol. XV.
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff reported on this subject and in par-
ticular of Japan1 s desire that the submarine to be transferred be
taken to Japan by a German crew. Nomura plans to embark on this
submarine as he has been recalled to Japan to take office as
Admiral.
Chief, Naval Staff decided that delivery by a German crew was out
of the question, and that the Japanese themselves must fetch the
submarine .
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff further reported that General Jodl has
indicated via Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy
that in dealings between the Japanese and Naval Staff no strategic
problems should be discussed. Chief, Naval Staff intends to dis-
cuss this matter with General Jodl personally, Chief, Naval Staff
considers that some frankness is necessary in discussions with
Japanese officers.
V. The report by Quartermaster Division, Fleet Branch, Reserve
Ship Section on reserve warships was continued.
Special Items.
I. Chief, Naval Staff has reported to the Fuehrer on the measures
that have been ordered or are planned for the Mediterranean and on
his intention to fly to Rome in order to make his first call on
Admiral Riccardi. Before leaving, he plans to obtain the Fuehrer^
orders concerning the measures intended in the Mediterranean.
Teletype as per l/Skl I b 7262/U3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol.
XIV.
II. Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy has trans-
mitted to Operations Division copy of a teletype from Commanding
General, Armed Forces, South/Armed Forces Transport Section, Rome
to Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff and Supply and
Transportation Office, Armed Forces Overseas. The message states
that at a conference on 7 Mar. the Reichsmarschall promised to
facilitate a construction program of at least 200 naval landing
craft per quarter as well as numerous Siebel ferries ( transports
as well as operational craft) by large-scale allocation of raw
materials. The Reichsmarschall pointed out that the construction
of small vessels and war transports, on a large scale along the
lines of American production in series, is essential for prosecution
of the war in the Mediterranean. The matter is to be discussed with
the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping at Hamburg on 9 Mar.
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11 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has instructed Quartermaster Division to make further
arrangements.
III. The Naval Liaison Officer attached to Army General Staff,
Operations Division has been informed of the meaning of the code-
words "Paderborn" and "Rostock" by letter l/Skl I a 7U7/U3 Gkdos.
Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
IV. The reorganization of the Navy, ordered on 15 Feb., calls for
new distribution of defense forces to the operational areas and new
regulations on the subordination of these units. A corresponding
order was issued on 2 Mar. by High Command, Navy/Naval Staff,
Quartermaster Division, Organization and Mobilization Branch. Copy
as per l/Skl 61*92/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C d.
V. A summary of data on the enemy obtained by radio intelligence
and deciphering from 1-7 Mar. is contained in Radio Monitoring
Report No. 10/1*3 of Chief, Radio Monitoring Reports, Naval Communi-
cations Division.
Note t The designation OT 2 was used for the first time by a con-
voy on the central Atlantic route. In the Cape area convoys with
the designations CN and NC have been detected for the first time.
They are probably coastal convoys from and to Capetown. The ten-
day schedule of the SC convoys has been confirmed.
"Task Force 37" has appeared as an additional covering unit on the
central Atlantic convoy route.
Situation 11 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
The cruisers MEMPHIS and MARBLEHEAD and the destroyer
DAVIS put in to Montevideo at the end of Feb. A U.S. convoy of 25
vessels with troops, airmen and planes for Colombo is expected in
Capetown. At the end of Feb. and middle of Mar. five transports
with about 10,000 men are to leave Durban, apparently for India.
An agent's report enumerates the patrol vessels on the coast of
South Africa, which include a number of Canadian corvettes and mine-
sweepers. A converted U.S. cruiser, the CAROLINE, is operating in
the shuttle service between Durban and Madagascar. The destroyer
AMBUSCADE is reported to be in Port Elizabeth. About four escort
vessels are said to be always stationed at Durban. However, their
number is to be increased during the spring.
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11 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
According to an intelligence report from Canada via "Ostrov", all
the Canadian destroyers, except two, are either in European waters
or on convoy service, using the U.S. base of Placentia for supplies.
2. Own Situation:
Naval Staff has transmitted to the DOGOFRBANK by radiogram
2105 data on the Spanish steamer CASTILLO BELLVER which, according
to dead reckoning, will pass the Azores on 16 Mar, and which might
be used for camouflage purposes. By radiogram l8lU it is further
suggested that DOGGERBANK take the neutral route even earlier, as
on 12 Mar. an eastbound U.S. convoy with a speed of 11 knots will
cross U0° W on 35° N and a second slow convoy will cross h0° W on
13 or lh Mar. about 50 miles further south, also sailing east.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
The Military Attache, Bern reports information from two
different sources to the effect that the final preparations are
being made for an immediate landing operation from the English
southeast and south coasts. Group West, North Sea Station and
Group North have been informed by Naval Staff.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
A mine explosion occurred at a depth of about 80 meters
under the bow of torpedo boat T "9" in BF 6175. It was probably a
ground mine. The boat suffered no vital damage. In the northern
area there were 56 fishing vessels at sea, in the southern area 116.
Two ELM/j mines were cleared off the Gironde estuary and one off
Lorient.
Air Commander, Atlantic Coast plans to send eight planes out on
reconnaissance on 12 Mar. between iil°30' and 5£°30f N up to the
range limit.
Channel Coast:
At 0250, while channel sweeping, minesweeper M "1*620" was
sunk by enemy PT boats at point "336". Twenty-eight of the crew
were rescued; 29 are missing. No details have yet been received.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
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11 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
1. North Sea:
Four ground mines were cleared off Terschelling and Roter-
sand. Convoy escort service and channel sweeping were carried out
according to plan. Six boats of the 11th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla
were sent to the Baltic Sea at the disposal of Commander, Mine-
sweepers, Baltic.
The workmen at the Wilton Dockyard in Rotterdam went on strike for
several hours allegedly because of insufficient food.
The British Admiralty reports that a British PT boat was destroyed
off the English east coast. No reports of our own have been re-
ceived on this.
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
Radio intelligence again detected several Russian subma-
rines off the north coast of Norway and Russian and British vessels
in Kola Bay. Lively Russian air reconnaissance and ice-breaker
activity was observed in the area of the Dwina estuary and the
southern outlet of the Gorlo Strait. The British were active in
air reconnaissance towards the southern North Sea and the Skagerrak,
Air Force monitoring intercepted a notice to the Russian Arctic
Fleet that a large convoy destined for Russia is escorted by the
cruisers SHEFFIELD, BELFAST, CUMBERLAND, NORFOLK and a fifth uni-
dentified cruiser.
According to an intelligence report, there were three large steamers
and one heavy cruiser in Hval Fjord on ? Mar. Air reconnaissance
reported from the Faroes twelve merchant vessels of up to 5,000 GRT
without escort and defense. They are evidently fishing trawlers.
Own Situation:
Admiral, Arctic Coast's situation report has still not
been received owing to line trouble. It is reported that only a
few enemy planes were in action over the north and west coast on
10 Mar. Escort service was carried out according to plan. Four
stranded naval landing craft have been salvaged and towed to Vardoe.
A fifth naval landing craft broke up.
The transfer of LUETZOW with destroyer Z "31" and the BRUMMER to
Bogen Bay has been accomplished according to plan. According to a
report from Group North, torpedo boat T "16" will have to dock for
six weeks to repair a turbine. Repairs to the destroyer IHN will
take two weeks. BEITZEN and STEINBRINCK require seven days for
repair of sea damage and engine trouble.
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11 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
The transfer of TIRPITZ, probably with JACOBI, OALSTER and four
boats of the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla, has begun. The formation
anchored east of Mosjorn at 2000 • It will proceed on at 1000 on
12 Mar.
Group North reports that the passage through the Denmark Strait
has taken on a new aspect inasmuch as the attack on the QP convoy
has shown that the ice on the Greenland coast has begun to move
southwards owing to the recent storms. Heavy drift ice has been
ascertained off the eastern exit of the Denmark Strait and on the
east coast of Iceland. This knowledge is of importance in bringing
through the blockade runners.
During the submarine operation against the QP convoy, U "255" suc-
ceeded in sinking a heavily armed steamer of about 7,000 GRT at
I636 on 10 Mar. in AE 2821. It is believed to have been the U.S.
steamer RICHARD BUNT of 6,300 GRT.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
1. Enemy Situationt
According to a report from Sweden, the situation of the
DICTO and LIONEL was unchanged on 9 Mar. However, their sailing
is said to be planned before the middle of the month.
2. Own Situationt
Six vessels of the Skagerrak patrol have been assigned to
escort duties.
During minelaying raids on the evening of 10 Mar. in the central
and eastern Baltic Sea, an enemy plane was shot down off Sassnitz.
by naval anti-aircraft guns.
Mines are suspected in Danzig Bay.
The Hirtshals-Arendal patrol line is occupied by three patrol boats
and the Hanstholra barrage gap by two patrol boats.
Escort service and channel sweeping were carried out according to
plan. Mine- exploding vessel "172M cleared five ELM/j mines at
Hertas Flach within 22 minutes.
Two more ELM/j mines were cleared, one off Pillau and the other
north of Arcona.
Off Svenborg, the Danish motor sailing vessel INGER struck a mine
and sank.
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11 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
While the Danish minesweeper SOERIDEREN was clearing mines between
Nyborg and Korsoer at noon on 10 Mar., seven armed Danes who had
hidden aboard attempted, with the assistance of three members of
the crew, to seize the boat in order to sail to England. The Com-
mander refused to comply but landed the ten men near Kullen in
Sweden. The minesweeper put in to Copenhagen. The crew was in-
terned on board by the Danish Navy. An investigation is taking
place under Danish martial law. It is intended to leave the matter
to the Danish Government for the time being.
Our naval batteries fired on sailing sleds at the mole of Leningrad.
A framework over a motor barge which had been sunk on 27 Nov. 1°U2
was fired on and hit by Battery "Koenigsberg". The fire was re-
turned from the Karelian coast.
With reference to the salvaging of a British moored mine dropped by
a plane at Bizerta, pointed out by Naval Staff, Group North reports
that the sudden appearance of such mines in the Baltic Sea, particu-
larly in the submarine training area, would call for the establish-
ment of prescribed routes in the central and eastern Baltic. Baltic
Station has been instructed by Group North to make adequate pre-
cautionary preparations. Commanding Admiral, Submarines has also
been asked to be prepared to equip all motor minesweepers and mine-
sweepers of the submarine flotillas in the Baltic Sea with cutting
kite sweeps. (See teletype lOOii).
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was normal; 30
planes were observed. An SOS call was intercepted from a British
steamer which had been torpedoed in the Yucatan Channel, probably
by one of our submarines.
2. Own Situation;
In the North Atlantic, Groups "Ostmark" and "Westmark"
were dissolved.
Further reports of successes in the action against the convoy in
grid square AK have been received from Group "Neuland";
U "359" hit a steamer but had to break off pursuit owing to fuel
shortage.
U "h06" sank an 8,000 GRT tanker in AK 9862 with a spread of three
(two "Fat" and one electric) torpedoes.
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11 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
U "757" sank the steamer WILLIAM P. PALMER of 7,602 GET but was
heavily damaged by the explosion and had to withdraw for repairs,
U "86" sank an 8,000 GRT tanker and scored two hits on an over-
lapping steamer.
U "336" probably sank a large freighter*
As it is to be presumed that the convoy will evade to the north,
the submarines will be given new orders*
On 10 Mar., U "621" of Group "Raubgraf" scored a hit in AJ 9351
on an unaccompanied vessel of about 3>000 GRT and reported from
AK 717ii a steamer of 6,000 GRT sinking.
Thus five more vessels from the attacked convoy, totalling more
than 36,000 GRT, have been sunk and four others torpedoed.
There are no reports of submarine actions from the West Indies or
South Africa.
Further details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
la British Isles and Vicinity;
A total of llli planes of the 3rd Air Force was in action,
13 of them in the Mediterranean. During the day, a surprise raid
was made on Hastings by 27 fighter-bombers in two waves, from an
altitude of about 20 m. It is regarded as very successful. Low-
level attacks with machine guns were made by the planes on the un-
warned population in the streets!
During the day the enemy successfully attacked ammunition trains in
the area of Rennes. During the night of 11 Mar., 51 bombers were
sent out, concentrating on Newcastle and Tynemouth. During the
same night, 172 enemy planes flew into German-controlled territory,
153 of them entering the Reich. The attack was concentrated on
Stuttgart. For damage and losses see "Daily Situation".
2. Mediterranean Theater;
230 sorties are reported by Commanding General, Armed Forces,
South. During the night of 11 Mar. 13 bombers were in action against
Tripoli. During the same night, 15 bombers and 10 torpedo bombers
attacked the harbor of Bone.
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11 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
An 8,000 GRT st earner was hit by two torpedoes, a 3,000 GET steamer
by one torpedo, and another 8,000 GRT steamer suffered two direct
bomb hits. In addition, an explosion on a destroyer was observed.
The Italian Air Force reports having sunk a 15,000 GRT steamer and
damaged a ligl~t cruiser and a steamer in an attack on an enemy con-
voy on the morning of 10 Mar, between Algiers and Bougie.
On the evening of 11 Mar, a German bomber formation was in action
against ten enemy vessels off Cape Misurata. An action report has
not yet come in.
3, Eastern Front;
On the afternoon of 11 Mar. a four-engined enemy plane
flew from an unknown direction into the Black Sea area as far as
Constant za. No bombs were dropped.
On 10 Mar. the 5th Air Force photographed the berths of the Lake
Ladoga Fleet. Altogether lt3 tugs, 1 paddle-steamer, 8 small
steamers, 6l towed barges, 1 torpedo boat, 5 auxiliary gunboats,
7 patrol boats, 21 motor boats, 6 minesweepers, 2 floating docks,
1 railroad ferry and several fishing boats were identified. De-
fense was weak throughout the area.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
The heavy Task Force, comprising NELSON, RODNEY, FORMIDABLE
and eight destroyers, which left Gibraltar for the Mediterranean at
li;20, returned to port during the night of 11 Mar,
According to an intelligence report from Spain, the Spanish Intel-
ligence Service confirms preparations, and large-scale stock-piling
of materiel and fuel at Gibraltar.
The Italian Intelligence Service reports from a source of unknown
reliability that a great number of landing craft has recently been
concentrated at Oran.
Considerable shipping was noted in the area east of Algiers. It
was probably the last vessels of the large convoy putting into port.
A submarine was sighted near Palermo.
According to an intelligence report from Spain, the enemy submarine
which sank the Spanish steamer BARTOLO on 6 Mar. put into Palomas
on 9 Mar. and after disembarking the Captain and another member of
the steamer's crew put out to sea again.
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11 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
Italian radio intelligence reports that a convoy is believed to be
off Mersa Matron.
No sighting reports have been received from the Eastern Mediter-
ranean*
German Naval Command, Italy has submitted a report on interrogation
of prisoners from the crew of the British MTB "262" as per l/Skl
7297 A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situation 19l3 ."
2. Cwn Situation Mediterranean;
Three Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. No action reports have been received from our own submarines.
The 3rd and 7th FT Boat Flotillas were unable to operate owing to
weather conditions. During the night of 10 Mar,, four boats of the
6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla made an exploratory sweep from
Bizerta, The six auxiliary motor minesweepers have been unable to
continue their passage due to bad weather.
Group West has requested that suitable escort vessels be furnished
immediately in view of the increasing danger to our shipping on the
south coast of France from enemy submarines. At present only an
emergency escort can be provided by men of the 2nd Air Division
under training. Furthermore Group West reports that the 6th Coast
Patrol Flotilla in Marseilles is taking over all shipping escort on
the south coast of France immediately. Group West has asked the
3rd Air Force to instruct the 2nd Air Division to place its forces
at disposal for escort service as before until suitable escort
vessels are available,
3« Sea Transport Situation:
War transports KT "13" and KT "lb" entered Trapani on the
afternoon of 10 Mar, Small vessel traffic between Italy and Tunisia
was carried out according to plan. There are seven empty steamers
in Bizerta and four in Tunis,
En route from Naples to Palermo, the steamer R0SARI0 (5,168 GRT)
was sunk at 1625 on 10 Mar, by an enemy submarine near Cape Milazzo
northwest of the Straits of Messina, On the same day a convoy from
Naples to Palermo was also attacked by enemy planes. Details are
still lacking,
ii. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
Group South reports that up to 10 Mar,, 2,700 cbm of fuel
oil had been advanced to the Italians in the Piraeus, No further
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11 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
deliveries can be made to Italian vessels from the present stock
of 3>000 cbm, which is required for our own vessels. According to
Naval Staff, Quartermaster Division, the Italians refuse to return
the fuel oil which has been made available to them.
Group South has asked for information as to whether, in case of an
imminent penetration by the enemy, the bringing up also of German
naval forces from the Central Mediterranean can be counted on:
a.) if the Tunis bridgehead is still held, or
b,) if the bridgehead is abandoned.
In Naval Staff's opinion, enemy penetration of the Aegean would not
result in any relaxation of his pressure in the Western and Central
Mediterranean, The vital importance of supplying Tunisia makes it
impossible to withdraw the German escort forces which are already
insufficient. If, contrary to expectation, the enemy appears to be
concentrating exclusively on the Aegean area, further decisions
will depend upon the development of the situation. What, if any,
forces will be available for operation in the Aegean Sea if the
Tunis bridgehead is abandoned, cannot yet be foreseen. Group South
was advised accordingly by teletype l/Skl I m 7Ul/U3 Gkdos, Chefs,
Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
Commanding Admiral, Group South has submitted Instruction No, 1 of
Group South on preparations for defense against an enemy penetration
into the Aegean Sea / Dodecanese area. After examination by Naval
Staff, the instruction will be forwarded, as agreed, to the Italian
Admiralty to be issued as an order to Admirals, Dodecanese and
Patras. Copy l/Skl 675 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol.
XIV.
The Daily Situation Report was not received owing to line trouble.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation;
In the forenoon, 2 merchant vessels and 1 patrol boat were
sighted on southeasterly course and another merchant vessel on
northwesterly course in the area of Ghelenjik. On the morning of
10 Mar. there were 8 steamers, 5 PT boats and 10 motor minesweepers
in Ghelenjik.
Own Situation;
East of Theodosia a formation of naval landing craft was
unsuccessfully attacked by an enemy submarine. Ship "19" was sent
out on submarine chase. Owing to continuous bad weather, German
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11 Mar, 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
and Italian FT boats were unable to operate during the night of 11
Mar.
Ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch was carried on with special
precautions. Naval landing craft proceeded in groups of four, with
anti-ground mine escort by remote minesweepers. Traffic was greatly
hampered by the weather. Combined operations ferry traffic was
very difficult. Repeated enemy air attacks were made on Kerch,
Taman and the fish salting plant. A total of 2h naval landing craft
was employed.
223U soldiers, JU03 prisoners, 395 civilians, 39 wounded, u39 motor-
ized and 366 horse-drawn vehicles and 1230 horses were ferried to
the west.
Three naval landing craft are en route from Kerch to Anapa.
VI II. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received,
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
U.S. A. /Russia;
The incident created by the U.S. Ambassador in Moscow appears to
have been smoothed over by a statement made by Ambassador Litvinov
in Washington. Litvinov declared that the lend-lease goods de-
livered to Russia had been an enormous help and also that the
Russian people were fully informed of their extent and were deeply
grateful for them. The war materiel supplied by the U.S.A. had
done good service in both the defensive and offensive operations of
the Red Army.
The following statements were made concerning lend-lease deliveries:
In the first year, 68% of all deliveries went to the British Isles.
In the second year, 38$ went to Great Britain, 29$ to Russia, 15$
to the Middle East and Africa, lh% to Australia, New Zealand, India
and China and h% to other countries. The total value of the material
delivered under lend-lease to date amounts to 9.6 Million Dollars.
According to a statement by Sumner Welles, it is not at present
planned for the U.S. Ambassador to return to Finland.
Great Britain:
The "Times" describes the "Bolshevist bogey" propaganda put out by
the Germans as dangerous. Allied unity might be severely strained
if the U.S.A. and Great Britain did not agree that Russia should
have the same rights as the Allies after victory, and should her-
self determine the conditions for protection of her frontiers.
Russia:
Pravda and Isvestia declare in almost identical words that the Red
Army is bearing the whole burden of the war alone because of the
lack of a second front in Europe.
The "Neue Zuricher Zeitung" has published a noteworthy article on
the resurgence of the Pan-Slav propaganda which has given a great
lift to Russian national feelings. This is said to be the result
of the contempt shown during this war by the German State towards
the Slavs, as a lower race. The question is whether Pan-Slavism
has replaced Bolshevism or whether it is only designed to give it
new energy.
On the part of Germany allowance for this question
has already been made by government orders regarding
the treatment of the populations in occupied eastern
territories.
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12 Mar, 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. The fact that successful enemy submarine activity has recently-
been developed off the south coast of France, has raised the
question of whether a number of submarine chasers should not be
left in this area. It had been planned to transfer all serviceable
vessels to the Sicilian Channel. Naval Staff considers it advisable
to leave 2 to 3 newly built vessels of this kind in southern France
as they become available. Chief, Naval Staff approved.
II. In regard to air protection for the heavy forces in the Nor-
wegian area, Naval Staff has sent the following teletype to Com-
mander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff:
"Naval Staff plans that the heavy and light vessels now assembled
in the North Norwegian area shall resume the campaign against the
Murmansk convoys at the first opportunity, after a short
training period of the newly formed group in the Narvik area.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff is requested that,
in case of an operation by the heavy vessels, the 5th Air Force be
instructed to cooperate as closely as possible with Naval Group
North in reconnaissance and also in combat, especially against
heavy enemy vessels.
Naval Group North has been ordered to advise the 5th Air Force Com-
mand of the requirements arising from its plans and to maintain
direct contact for the preparation of joint operations."
Chief, Naval Staff is in accord and will take the opportunity of
discussing the matter with the Reichsmarschall. Group North has
been informed accordingly by Naval Staff.
III. The Japanese have requested release to thera of the torpedo
duplex pistol. Chief, Naval Staff has ordered that, in view of the
fact that the "Pi 2" is still in an experimental stage, this weapon
cannot at present be released. The Japanese are to be told that tte
experiments made with these pistols have not been very satisfactory.
IV. Admiral, German Naval Command, Italy has submitted his comments
in accordance with Naval Staff's instructions (see War Diary 9 Mar.).
Copy as per l/Skl 7335 A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
In regard to the position of Admiral, German Naval Command within
the Italian Admiralty, he requests that he first be given time for
practical duties and that basic changes of an organizational nature
be postponed for the time being. Chief, Naval Staff will personally
discuss this matter in Rome.
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Special Items,
I. After the Fuehrer had approved the proposal for employment of
Italian submarines, the matter was taken up with Admiral Riccardi
by personal letter from Chief, Naval Staff. Copy of this letter
l/Skl I b 766/13 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. IX,
II, Foreign Affairs/intelligence Division has forwarded a copy of
a paper submitted by Vice Admiral Nomura on 9 Mar, which, according
to the Admiral, contains his own views on the war situation, A
copy has been submitted to Chief, Operations Staff, ^rmed Fbrces
High Command, at his request.
The statements contain nothing new for Naval Staff,
Operations Division.
Entry has been made as per l/Skl 768/1*3 Gkdos, Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. XV.
Situation 12 Mar,
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1, Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2, Own Situation:
The Naval Attache, Tokyo reported on 10 yar, that a most
cordial welcome was accorded to the Commander and officers of Ship
"28" by the Minister and Chief of Naval Staff in Tokyo.
Naval Staff has informed the D0GGER3ANK by radiogram 0956 in regard
to neutral traffic in the southern part of the North Atlantic, and,
by radiogram 2lUl, on the passage of a fast and a slow U#S, convoy
at h0° West on 12 and 13 Mar.
The Attache, Tokyo has been advised by Naval Staff that the passage
of submarine U "180" has been delayed and that she will not reach
the rendezvous until 23 Apr. The submarine will wait there for
three days and then, if the ship does not arrive, will proceed to
the alternative rendezvous at dawn on 26 Apr, She will arrive
there on the morning of 28 Apr. If the ship is missed again, the
submarine has been ordered to send home a report on the morning of
1 May.
All vessels in foreign waters were informed by radiogram 1016 on
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
the domestic political situation in Finland and on German deliveries
of arms to Spain,
II, Situation West Area,
1. Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, the Admiralty retrans-
mitted a report from the Free French headquarters that at daybreak
on 12 Mar, a group of light French forces successfully attacked a
small German convoy off the coast of Brittany (see teletype 2155).
Our radio intelligence in the Atlantic intercepted the following:
at 12li0 a convoy of 36 vessels with 1 heavy cruiser, h destroyers
and h escorts, on course 200°, 2U0 miles northwest of Cape Finis-
terrej at 1530 1*0 merchant vessels with 3 destroyers and 5 escorts
on course 20° 200 miles west-southwest of Cape Finisterre.
2* Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
An ELM/j mine was cleared by a mine-sweeping plane on 11
Mar, off St, Nazaire, On 12 Mar, three ELM/j mines were cleared
west of Lorient and off Roche fort.
It is planned to move torpedo boats T "19" > "12", "18", KONDOR and
FALKE from Brest to La Pallice and Bordeaux, Exploratory sweeps
will be made during the transfer.
Channel Coast:
Motor minesweeper R n7l*" sank at 1827 off Boulogne by
striking a mine.
At noon 57 enemy Fortresses raided Rouen, In the Sotteville rail-
road station 30 to 1*0 wagons, one of them loaded with ship's ammu-
nition, were destroyed.
The 18th Patrol Boat Flotilla and two steamers came under fire from
an enemy long-range battery during the night of 11 Mar. while pro-
ceeding from Boulogne to Dunkirk. Fire was returned by our own
batteries. Patrol Boat "1802" sustained damage and casualties from
shell splinters. After being shadowed by an enemy plane from OU18
to 0525> the convoy was attacked by 12 enemy FT boats off Gravelines.
The steamer DALILA was sunk by a torpedo. Twenty-six men are
missing. Our defenses sank two enemy FT boats and set two others
on fire. For report on the action of the 18th Patrol Boat Flotilla,
see teletype 11*30.
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
For particulars on the sinking of minesweeper M "U620" on 11 Mar.,
see teletype 1030. (See also British Admiralty report on enemy
situation).
Special Items,
With reference to Naval Staff's mention of enemy moored aerial
mines off Bizerta, Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West reports
that such mines have not so far been found in his area and that
therefore no experience has been gained in regard to defensive
possibilities.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Patrol boat "lhl8" was attacked by two enemy fighters while
entering the Hook of Holland. She suffered damage and casualties.
The clearing of one EIM/j mine off Ijmuiden and one off Helder by
mine-sweeping plane is reported as of 10 Mar*
Escort service was carried through according to plan. The 25th
Minesweeper Flotilla is en route from the Hook of Holland to the
Elbe. The Flotilla has been placed at the disposal of Commander,
Minesweepers, Baltic.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North reports on the FT boat en-
gagements during the night of 9 Mar. as follows:
Three engagements took place. At 23lli on 9 Mar. two patrol boats
off Terschelling were attacked by three MGB's. One of the patrol
boats received a hit and suffered several casualties. The enemy
turned off to the west under fire from our boats.
At 0107 on 10 Mar. the patrol group at position "Mainz", also off
Terschelling, was engaged by six enemy FT boats. A torpedo track
was outmaneuvered. Two enemy PT boats were set on fire. Only
slight damage and casualties were caused to our boats.
The third engagement took place from 0125 to 0135, in AN 8311 off
Terschelling, between three enemy PT boats and the minesweeping
escort of one of our convoys. One FT boat was set on fire and
probably sunk. During another brush from 0150 to 0155, a second
PT boat was sunk by the intervention of our patrol boats. Fifteen
survivors were rescued, including the Commander, whose notes con-
firm the sinking of the first-mentioned PT boat. In a separate
action, a PT boat behind the convoy was set on fire and destroyed
by harbor defense boat DB "0U" and Harbor Defense Flotilla "Borkum".
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Altogether, three FT boats were certainly destroyed and two others
set on fire. The cooperation between the enemy's planes and FT
boats is worthy of note. For brief report see teletype l605.
2. Norw ay/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation;
Radio intelligence detected three Russian submarines on
the north coast of Norway and a fourth which was ordered back to
Polarnoye. One British vessel was located 60 miles east of Lan-
ganes and another 80 miles west of Syderoey.
Our air reconnaissance sighted a submerging submarine 100 miles
northeast of the Faroes and reported that 2 battleships, 1 aircraft
carrier, 2 cruisers, 3 destroyers and about 60 merchant vessels
were seen in Scapa, possibly being convoys which had put in on ac-
count of bad weather.
Own Situation:
On 10 Mar. an unsuccessful enemy air attack was made on
one of our convoys off the Arctic coast. On the same day, enemy
air attacks caused slight damage in Petsamo and no damage in
Kirkenes. Escort service was carried through according to plan
on 10 and 11 Mar.
The TIRPITZ moved on to the north and completed her transfer
shortly after midnight according to plan.
Minelaying operation "Klein Erna" has again been postponed due to
bad weather.
The SCHARNHORST Command has submitted a brief report on the ac-
complishment of Operation "Paderborn". For copy see teletype lUOO.
In the Command 's opinion, the fact that Skagen was passed after
nightfall was a decisive factor in the success of the operation.
Due to weather conditions, the weak enemy air reconnaissance did
not pick up the formation either at Egersund or at Stadlandet. The
plan to turn back into Kors Fjord in case of extremely bad weather
in order to sail through the skerries was abandoned in order to
avoid damage from sailing out into heavy seas. Putting into Trond-
heim Fjord was dropped for navigational reasons. In spite of very
bad weather, only slight sea damage was suffered, and the vessel
proved her efficiency, particularly that of her engines, at full
speed.
Naval Command, Norway considers it necessary to investigate whether,
as the principal anchorage for heavy ships, Alta Fjord should not
be more strongly protected by transferring anti-aircraft batteries
from Bogen Bay, although this would mean weakening the defenses
here (see teletype 1630).
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12 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Group North has forwarded a report from Admiral, West Norwegian ■
Coast on the finding of connected drift-mines (see teletype 1855) •
Weather operation "Hclzauge" ( Greenland) reported at 0128 by radio-
gram that the station had been discovered by three men. Leaving
behind them a dog sled, their baggage and their diaries, the men
made off presumably to Eskimonaes which it will take them at least
two days to reach. An attempt is being made to capture the men.
As the station has a strong garrison of 18 men, it
will undoubtedly be possible to overpower enemy
stations.
Admiral, Northern Waters plans to carry out weather operation
"Brausewetter" on lk Mar, Escort will be provided by submarine U
"378". The final decision will be made in accordance with the
results of air reconnaissance ordered for 13 Mar, and ice reconnais-
sance to be made by submarine U "703" as well as by the Air Force,
During the night of 12 Mar,, destroyer Z "31" will transfer from
Narvik to Trondheim,
Group North has been ordered by Naval Staff to provide submarine
positions for weather observation for operation "Segelhafen",
Commanding Admiral, Submarines has ordered similar steps to be
taken in the starting area.
The operation against the OP convoy has been terminated. Subma-
rines U "255", "657" and "622" are returning to Narvik via the
position lines ordered.
Naval Command, Norway has submitted a copy of a teletype from Com-
manding General, Armed Forces, Norway to Armed Forces High Command,
Operations Staff and Supply and Transportation Office of the Armed
Forces Overseas, This teletype dated 25 Feb, describes the ex-
tremely serious transport situation in the Norwegian area. Copy as
per l/Skl 713 2 A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XI, The Com-
manding General considers it absolutely essential that all projects
planned for Norway be immediately examined and adjusted to the de-
creased tonnage between Armed Forces High Command, the Minister of
Armament and Ammunition and the Reich Commissioner of Maritime
Shipping, The Naval Command is investigating how much help can be
provided by our own vessels in the locality, and whether it is
possible to hold up any naval construction projects.
17. Skagerrak, 3altic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The Hirtshals - Arendal patrol line is occupied by three patrol
boats, and the Hanstholm barrage gap by two patrol boats. Escort
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
service was carried out according to plan. Eighteen vessels of
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic were employed in channel
sweeping. Near Kejlsnor one ELM/j mine was cleared.
Naval Staff has informed Group Baltic, Baltic Station, the Naval
Liaison Staff, Finland and Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic that
until further notice Finnish vessels in the Baltic Sea are not to
be armed. No further arming is planned until the situation demands
it and the Finns request it. Arming of German vessels will in
general be maintained, although, in view of urgent requirements for
weapons and personnel at other places, 2 cm guns must be dispensed
with for the time being, so that the vessels will be equipped only
with machine guns. For the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
Baltic the current regulations will remain in force.
Admiral, Baltic States reports that the 18th Array Corps has post-
poned the plans for the 3rd Air Force Field Corps to take the west-
ern part of the Oranienbaum pocket until after the end of the bad
weather period. Until then operations on a small scale are to be
carried out. Meanwhile, it is planned to improve the front in the
southwest part of the pocket. Admiral, Baltic States has promised
to provide the support of two companies of the 531st Naval Artil-
lery Battalion as flank protection in Koporya Bay and the Voronka
mouth as requested by the 3rd Air Force Field Corps. The Naval
Artillery Battalion is only to occupy these positions. Offensive
operations by naval troops are not planned. It has been explicitly
promised that they will be withdrawn after 8-10 days.
V. Merchant Shipping.
Information on U.S. merchant shipbuilding is contained in "Foreign
Merchant Shipping", Report No. 5, by Naval Intelligence Division.
The report states that about nine to ten million GRT of new ships
will be ready for service in 1°U3« Of the 2300 vessels already
contracted for, two-thirds will be slow-speed Liberty ships and one
third fast standard freighters, tankers and troopers. A change-
over to a new type of Liberty ship and strong engines would prolong
the building time and diminish the building capacity of the dock-
yards. Up to now there is no indication of the type having been al«
ready altered. Copy of the report in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XI.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Lively reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay; 33 planes
being observed mainly in the outer part of the Bay.
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation!
A new Group "Stuermer" consisting of 18 boats has been
formed from the remaining boats of the "Ostmark" and "Westmark"
Groups and four boats newly assigned and will proceed to the west
in reconnaissance line AK 3563/AL 7215 at 2000 on ll Mar,
The boats of Group "Neuland" were unable to regain contact with the
incoming convoy in the southern part of AL. The Group has been
ordered to move away to the west at daybreak on 13 Mar. if the
enemy has not been contacted.
Submarine U "UiO" of this Group probably scored two hits on an un-
accompanied vessel of 6,000 GRT.
Submarine U "U68" of Group "Raubgraf" sank a tanker and, ten hours
later, another tanker of the CADILLAC type (12,062 GRT) in AJ 9585.
No action reports have been received from the other submarines in
the North Atlantic.
Three submarines were sent out against the southbound convoy which
had been intercepted in BE 928U by our air reconnaissance. Group
"Unverzagt" has been formed of six submarines in CD. Six submarines
in CE are being formed into Group "Wohlgemut".
Near the Canaries, submarines U nii3" and U "501*" intercepted a con-
voy consisting of four steamers and three escort vessels on south-
westerly course. Groups "Unverzagt" and "Wohlgemut" were sent out
against a convoy which had been reported by submarine U "130" in
CD 8273.
In the West Indies, submarine U "183" reports the sinking of a
steamer of 7,000 GRT on 11 Mar. in the Yucatan Channel area.
Rirther reports are contained in the "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Fart B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. 3ritish Isles and Vicinity:
During the night of 11 Mar., 51 of our planes were in
action over Newcastle, 37 of them reaching the main target. Five
planes were lost. Due to blinding by strong searchlights, it was
difficult to observe results* The Air Force General Staff states
that the attack was successful.
During the morning of 12 Mar., for a surprise attack on London, 110
planes were employed, of which 19 were fighter bombers, 16 close
escort and 75 additional escort on return. The surprise was
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12 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
apparently successful. Anti-aircraft defense over the target was
weak. The result of the attack on blocks of houses and persons is
said to have been especially good. A very strong balloon barrage
was observed over the City of London, Our own formation lost only
two planes.
Altogether about kOO planes were in action during the day, 317 of
them fighters. For results of the Atlantic reconnaissance by the
3rd Group, 1x0th Bomber Wing, see "Situation West Area",
During the day, two enemy Mosquito planes flew over the Eger-
Bayreuth area. The planes » speed was measured as 600 km/h. Our
own fighters made no contact with strong enemy fighter formations
which flew into the Dieppe and Ypres areas. Railroad installations
were again attacked in the Rouen area. Five of the attacking
planes were shot down. In the area of Liege, a coking plant was
damaged by enemy attacks. During the night of 12 Mar,, the attack
on Newcastle was repeated by liO planes. During the same night, 258
enemy planes flew over Reich territory. The center of attack was
the Ruhr area, most of the bombs being dropped on Essen and Bottrop,
For damage see "Daily Situation". At Bottrop the hydrogenation
plants were hit; 18 enemy planes were shot down,
2, Mediterranean Theater;
The 3rd Air Force reports having shot down five enemy
planes during alerts and escort flights. The Italian Air Force
reports a successful operation by eight torpedo bombers against a
convoy off Bone on 11 Mar,
During the night of 12 Mar, twelve of our bombers and one torpedo
bomber were in action against shipping targets in the harbor area
of Bone,
3, Eastern Front;
Forty enemy planes were destroyed over the Army fronts.
For results of reconnaissance by the 5th Air Force see "Situation
Northern Waters".
VHI.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
According to an intelligence report from Spain, 2 large
transports and h steamers with 5 escort vessels passed Tangier at
07U5 on easterly course. Due to fog, the strength of the formation
could not be ascertained definitely. About noon, 2 French transports
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12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
and 1 steamer with a U.S. destroyer entered Gibraltar from an un- •
identified direction.
About 1730, the heavy task force consisting of the RODNEY, NELSON,
FORMIDABLE and 10 destroyers again left Gibraltar for the Mediter-
ranean. According to a report from a reliable agent, a convoy is
to leave Gibraltar for Malta on 15 Mar. with parachutist formations,
supplies, war material and fuel. According to another agent, there
are only six to eight naval landing craft of the DIEPPE class at
present in Gibraltar.
Lively convoy traffic was observed by our air reconnaissance off the
Algerian coast. For details see "Daily Situation". Twenty-six
vessels, totalling l60,000 to 200,000 GRT, were sighted in Bone.
One heavy cruiser and several destroyers were sighted on the roads.
There was one submarine north of Cape San Vito.
No sighting reports have been received from the Eastern Mediter-
ranean.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Three Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. No action reports have been received from our own submarines.
During the night of 11 Mar., the 3rd PT Boat Flotilla carried out
a minelaying operation off Philippeville, with the 7th PT Boat
Flotilla as support group off Bone. During the night of 12 Mar.,
the two Flotillas were again on operation and this time had an
engagement with enemy destroyers. At 2306 the 3rd PT Boat Flotilla
reported having certainly sunk one destroyer and probably a second.
Hits by gunfire caused casualties on PT boat S "158".
The 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla anchored off Zembra in the even-
ing, having accomplished the planned exploratory sweep. In the
forenoon, the boats had been attacked without success by twelve
enemy bombers and 30 fighters 50 miles northwest of Zembra.
Submarine chasers "2203" and "2210" report successful attacks on a
submarine near Cape Milazzo. After four onslaughts the enemy subma-
rine was probably destroyed.
On U Mar., submarine chasers "2201", "2202" and "220k" put in to
Palermo. The boats have been ordered to carry out a submarine hunt
in the area of Cape San Vito. On the evening of 12 Mar., submarine
chaser "2208" left Spezia for submarine chase and passage to Naples.
On the evening of 11 Mar., submarine chaser "2205" put in to Genoa
with the tanker VENDEMIAIRE.
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)•'
12 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The Italian minesweeper group "Bizerta" cleared seven mines from an
established barrage in the Bizerta area* The six auxiliary motor
minesweepers entered Milazzo on the afternoon of 12 Mar.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
Convoy CARAIBE, ESTEREL left Naples for Tunis on the even-
ing of 11 Mar. and joined the tanker STEROFE, coming from Messina,
west of Milazzo. At 2150, ten miles west of Cape Gallo, tanker
STEROPE was hit by an aerial torpedo and is being towed to Palermo.
About 2225, west of Cape San Vito, the steamer ESTEREL was torpedoed
by an enemy submarine and is being towed to Trapani. The tanker
STEROPE was carrying 1*,000 tons of German fuel and the steamer
ESTEREL 358 tons of ammunition, 820 tons of coal, 393 tons of pro-
visions and 39 vehicles.
The motorship convoy MANZONI-ROSELLI left Naples for Bizerta on the
morning of 12 Mar.
In the forenoon, eight naval landing craft from Naples entered
Bizerta.
According to a report from Group West, the Swedish steamer EMBLA
( l,0ii0 GRT) en route from Marseilles to Lisbon has been overdue
since 2230 on 10 Mar. She may have been sunk by an enemy subma-
rine. If so, she would be the third steamer to fall a victim to
enemy submarines since 6 Mar.
In view of the repeated shipping losses in traffic to Spain, Naval
Staff has instructed the Naval Attache, Madrid, German Naval Com-
mand, Italy, Group West and Chief, Supply and Transport, Rome to
consider the possibility of shifting courses wholly or partially
away from the coast. (See teletype 1717.)
Measures for submarine chase are being prepared.
li. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
Admiral, Aegean reports to Group South that no unanimity
has so far been achieved at the conferences in Rome concerning the
putting in of Swedish vessels to ports under our control. In view
of the operational situation and the barrage and minelaying opera-
tions planned, Admiral, Aegean considers that the ships should be
permitted to touch at only one island, namely Santorini, and re-
quests a decision to this effect. (See teletype 2015.)
Group South concurs in the Admiral's view.
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12 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation;
During the night of 11 Mar., probably four Russian PT
boats entered the Strait of Kerch and made an unsuccessful torpedo
attack on the harbor of Kamysh Burun. Results of our naval and
anti-aircraft battery defense were not observed.
Own Situation:
On the west coast planes attacked a northbound convoy near
Cape Burnas. Details are not yet available. An unsuccessful subma-
rine attack was made on a naval landing craft convoy off Cape
Chauda, east of Theodosia, Ship "19" has been sent out on submarine
chase. Three other submarines were located 50 and 70 miles south-
east of Theodosia,
In the afternoon, four boats of the 1st PT Boat Flotilla left Ivan-
baba, two boats to operate northwest and two southeast of Tuapse,
Four Italian PT boats left Theodosia for operations in the area
Ghelenj ik-Myschako.
In the ferry traffic over the Strait of Kerch, there was an enemy
air attack on the harbor of Temriuk in the forenoon; casualties
were caused. In the evening enemy air activity was observed over
the east coast of Kerch* Three enemy planes were shot down by our
night fighters. The ferry traffic from Taman and the fish salting
plant was carried out in groups of four naval landing craft each,
headed by minesweepers. On 13 Mar, the groups will be reduced to
two boats each, in order to increase efficiency. It is further
planned to send a landing craft to Sennaya for the first time.
Mine clearing on the Pavlovski barrage has been completed. During
the night of 11 Mar,, six naval landing craft were stationed to
observe minelaying,
2,9l2 soldiers, 911 prisoners, 600 civilians, 2,580 horses, 110
motorized and 679 horse-drawn vehicles were ferried to the west.
Group South remarks that continuance of the Kerch operation makes
it necessary for ten junior officers, midshipmen or warrant officers
to be assigned immediately as group leaders for the naval landing
craft, as the present boat commanders alone are not equal to their
task, (See teletype I6I4O.)
Three naval landing craft have left Kerch for the 6th transport to
Anapa,
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12 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
The Naval Liaison Officer attached to High Command, Army has for-
warded the Quartermaster General's request that Group South should
use all tugs and tonnage available in the northern harbors of the
Sea of Azov in accordance with the following priorities:
1.) All suitable tugs, lighters etc, to be sent to the Kuban.
2.) If it is necessary to reinforce the tugs and lighters
operating between the Crimea and the Taman peninsula, the boats are
to be used there,
3.) The remaining tonnage can be placed at the disposal of
Army Group South for traffic between its area and Azov harbors.
Other convoy traffic in the Black Sea proceeded without special
incident.
IX. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
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13 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain t
Following an invitation from the U.S. Government, Foreign Minister
Eden has arrived in Washington in order to investigate the best
methods of convening the United Nations for the discussion of
questions arising from the war. This formula is the cloak con-
cealing the obviously burning question actually to be discussed,
i.e., the relations of the Anglo-Saxons with their Russian ally.
According to a Swedish press report, Air Minister Sinclair's
statement that Germany has strong bomber formations available in
the west area came as a shock to the British people.
Portugal;
In a secret statement to the deputies, Salazar said that Portuguese
foreign policy was still determined by three constant factors: the
alliance with Great Britain, the block between Spain and Portugal
and friendship with Brazil. Relations with Great Britain had im-
proved and those with Germany were extremely correct. It was to be
assumed that the Allies would attempt to increase their pressure on
Portugal in order to obtain new bases in the Atlantic.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
No special reports or decisions.
Special Items.
I. According to an intelligence report from a diplomatic source
in Portugal, the number of ships sunk by German submarines during
the months of December, January and February was one third less
than the new constructions delivered by the dockyards of Great
Britain, the U.S.A. and Canada during the same period.
High authorities of the enemy powers have received top secret orders
that the impression that shipping losses are the Allies' sorest
point is nonetheless to be maintained and even strengthened
1.) as regards the home population, for internal political reasons,
and
2.) as regards Russia.
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13 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
s
II. The Military Attache, Bern has transmitted a report from a
hitherto reliable agent to the effect that landing operations on a
very large scale on both sides of the Gironde estuary and an oper-
ation in North Jutland are planned to take place simultaneously in
the second half of March. Feint actions would be carried out on
the coast east and southeast of Perpignan.
III. Naval Intelligence Division has advised Groups West, North,
South, German Naval Coirmand, Italy with copies to Armed Forces High
Command, Operations Staff, Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations
Staff and Foreign Affairs/Intelligence Division as follows:
Reports that large-scale actions by the Western Powers are to
begin in the middle of March have recently increased. France and
the Western Mediterranean are mainly mentioned as zones of operation.
Direct observation indicates no actual preparations out of the
ordinary. In Algerian ports there are landing craft and one million
GRT of shipping, part of which it may be planned to put into action.
Active preparations for the speedy commitment of troops from the
British Isles are reported.
Overall evaluation of intelligence leads to no definite con-
clusions. It is assumed that reports are put out by the enemy in
order to camouflage his real operational intentions. In any case,
in view of the season and the general war situation, new operations
may be expected in the near future and may take the form of sur-
prise attacks on areas other than those mentioned or at different
points simultaneously. The mopping-up of Tunisia must not be re-
garded as a prerequisite for further operations in the Mediter-
ranean.
Copy as per l/Skl 7709 A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, "Enemy
Situation Reports of Naval Intelligence Division."
IV. Naval Intelligence Division reports on warship construction in
the U.S.A. in Brief Reports on the Enemy Situation No. 3/U3. Copy
as per l/Skl 806UA3 geh. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XVII.
Situation 13 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report from Spain, Port
Etienne (West Africa) has announced that there are mines in Bahia
del Galgo between 20° h$' N, 20° 55 ■ N and 17° W to the coast.
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13 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation!
The KARIN has received the following order by radiogram
1721 (special code "Karin") :
"Submarine rendezvous at "Raumleiter" on 26 Mar. Then go
through operational order delivered, answering questions contained
therein by submarine's radio. The submarine is to remain that long
with the ship or to rendezvous again after a certain time as ar-
ranged."
The KARIN and the REGENSBURG have been advised by radiogram 1008 of
the special recognition signal for the meeting with the submarine.
Information on the enemy situation has been issued to all vessels
in foreign waters by radiogram 1207.
The Naval Attache, Tokyo reports that his proposal to assign German
officers from Ship "10" to Japanese aircraft carriers has been
welcomed by the Japanese. However, it would be difficult to put
this plan into effect as all the aircraft carriers are said to be
in operation.
The Naval Attache, Tokyo has been advised by radiogram l/Skl I opa
7529 A3 Gkdos. in regard to the present commitments of German naval
warfare and the enemy balance of shipping. Copy in War Diary, Part
C, Vol. XV.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
At 0927 our air reconnaissance spotted a convoy sailing
north in BE 98lli consisting of 32 merchant vessels with 1 cruiser,
6 destroyers, 9 escort vessels and 1 Sunderland, and at 0900, 2
steamers with 2 escort vessels on southerly course in CG 1168.
The stern of one steamer was damaged, probably by our attack on
12 Mar.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
At 1530 on 12 Mar., the northbound convoy was attacked by
one of our planes in CG 1276. A 250 kg. bomb fell 15 m from the
side of an 8,000 GRT steamer. One FW 200 plane is missing.
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13 Mar. 191*3 CONFIDENTIAL
In view of the prospective employment of the FW 200
planes in connection with blockade runner traffic,
every loss is of consideration. The too great ex-
posure of planes to attack during reconnaissance
operations should be avoided.
On 12 Mar. two ELM/j mines were cleared off Point St. Catherine,
one off Lorient, and one off Quiberon Bay; on 13 Mar., three ELM/j
mines were cleared off Lorient.
Channel Coast;
According to a report from the 12th Motor Minesweeper
Flotilla, code security was not endangered by the loss of motor
minesweeper R n7h" on 12 Mar. (See teletype 1100.)
The Uth FT Boat Flotilla transferred to Boulogne.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, there was a southbound
convoy of 38 steamers with 5 escort vessels northwest of Cromer
and a convoy of 10 steamers with 3 escort vessels on easterly
course near Portland.
According to radio intelligence, MTB "62li" reported at 0320;
"position north of Helder, three hits, operation group safe and
undamaged, "
Own Situation;
The steamers LIEGE and HERMOD of convoy "1071" were sunk
by mines in AN 6979 lower right and AN 8313 respectively. Two
ELM/J mines were cleared north of Terschelling by a minesweeper
of this convoy. Otherwise, escort and minesweeping services were
carried out according to plan. At 1905 on 12 Mar. an enemy fighter
was shot down near Schouwen by boats of the Rhine Flotilla.
2. Norway, Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
About 100 miles southwest of the Faeroes, our air re-
connaissance sighted 1 destroy°r on course 50° and a convoy
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13 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
consisting of 5 stealers with 2 escorts on course 300°. Re-
connaissance of the northern North Sea as far as the coast of
Scotland and in the area southeast of Jan Mayen led to no enemy
sightings.
Photographic reconnaissance of Scapa on 12 Mar. was not carried
out because of bad visibility.
No reports have been received from the Barents Sea.
Own Situation;
On 12 Mar. ten enemy planes were reported in the Petsamo
area but they made no attacks.
Escort service proceeded without special incident.
Minelaying operation "Klein Erna" was again delayed due to weather
conditions.
Group North has placed the BRUi-3-lER operationally at the disposal of
Naval Command, Norway for the performance of minelaying operation
"NW 15" • The Group has concurred in the plans for barrage "6A"
( "NW 22") and has asked for Naval Staff's approval of operations
"NW 16", "17", "19 - 28" and allotment of the necessary mines.
Admiral Kumnetz has assumed duty as Commanding Admiral, Task Force
in the TIRPITZ.
Naval Staff has ordered Group North to wipe out Eskimonaes for the
safety of the "Holzauge" meteorological station. The fact that
weather reports may temporarily cease is accepted. ( See teletype
1111.) Group North has given corresponding orders to "Holzauge".
(See teletype 1236.)
Group North and others have commented on the brief report of the
SCHARNHORST Command in regard to Operation "Paderborn" as follows:
The Commander's decision, based on assessment of the situation and
the erroneous advice of his own meteorological office on board,
led to a tactically difficult situation and to casualties and con-
siderable material losses among the covering forces, which were
regrettable but which the swift performance of Operation "Paderborn"
has fully justified. Due to the development of the weather, pulling
into Kors Fjord would certainly have resulted in a delay of three
to four days and discovery by the enemy with consequent air attack.
For copy of comments see teletype 1359.
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13 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Commander, Submarines, Norway has submitted a brief report on the
operation against the QP convoy from 2 to 10 Mar. Altogether four
steamers totalling 27,000 GRT were sunk. Group North's comment
stresses the excellent performance of the submarines under diffi-
cult conditions and the Air Force support. Copy of teletype as
per 1/Skl 7U76A3 and 75U8/U3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. Ha.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
Six boats were on patrol in the Skagerrak. At l600 five heavily
laden steamers were reported east of Vinga; two of them resembled
the DICTO and the LIONEL. Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic
therefore ordered gunboat K "3" to stand by; patrol lines were
arranged from AO khhh to AO 3633 and the 1st Squadron, 196th Group,
out on reconnaissance, was informed.
Patrol boat "1707" ran aground and put into Frederikshavn on 12 Mar.
Escort service and channel sweeping were carried out according to
plan.
A mine exploded at a distance of 20 m in the net of a Danish fish-
ing cutter three miles north of Funen. One ELM/j mine was cleared
off Hela.
Three TB 7fs were observed for the first time over Kronstadt Bay.
The enemy battery on Seiskari unsuccessfully fired 59 rounds at
the battery position and village of Glinki. Our planes dropped
20 SC SO bombs on the harbor of Lavansaari. Group North has no
objection to the employment of two companies of the 531st Naval
Artillery Battalion merely as flank protection at Cernovo.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has approved
Naval Staff's request for an Air Force Lias ion Officer to be
attached to Ceramander, Minesweepers, Baltic for the operational
period 19^3 • The 5th Air Force has been ordered to assign a
suitable officer, possibly one in need of a period of recuperation,
in direct agreement with Naval Staff. Group North will be advised
by Naval Staff.
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has refused the
assignment of fighter planes for naval barrage projects in the Gulf
of Finland in view of commitments on other fronts. Naval Staff has
called the attention of Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations
Staff to the following:
a.) For execution of the planned barrage operations and the
necessary preliminary minesweeping, the following forces will be
employed:
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13 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
2 large minelayers,
1 netlayer,
2 small mine carriers,
8 coastal motor sailing vessels as mine carriers,
2 minesweepers (parent ships for sweeping launches),
lU modern minesweepers,
SO auxiliary minesweepers,
18 motor minesweepers,
2li naval landing craft as auxiliary minelayers,
6 heavy gun carriers as escort ships,
lU escort boats and patrol boats as cover against enemy
submarines.
These llil vessels, some loaded with mines and irreplaceable net
material, are at present based mainly on Tallinn and Baltic Port.
This area is being stocked with 10,000 sea mines of all kinds.
b.) Systematic execution of the barrage projects is essential
to prevent the breaking out of Russian naval forces, especially of
Russian submarines. The latter is of the utmost importance for the
transport of troops and material to Finland and the Baltic
countries, as well as for the export of iron ore from Sweden and
for all sea traffic in the Baltic.
The light naval forces available are entirely insufficient to give
adequate protection to this vast sea traffic if a large number of
Russian submarines should succeed in breaking out.
Since the Eastern Baltic is our only submarine training and testing
ground, it is obvious that the training program would be jeopard-
ized by the breaking out of Russian forces and submarines to the
extent that submarine warfare might be brought to a standstill.
Naval Staff has requested that further consideration be given to
its wishes. Copy of letter l/Skl I L 769 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
V. Merchant Shipping.
According to information from the Naval Attache, Lisbon, the
British radio reported that the German steamers BRAUNFELS, DRACHEN-
FELS and EHRENFELS lying at Goa had been set on fire. The German
Embassy has obtained confirmation of this report from the authority
ties, with the additional information that the vessels are alleged
to have been set on fire by their own crews. The reason is attri-
buted to serious differences between the crews. Some of the men
planned to leave the steamers and others wanted to take them to
Singapore.
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13 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has asked the Fbreign Office to obtain and submit
further particulars on the events and the condition of the ships.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was lively, 39
planes being observed. According to an intelligence report of 12
Mar. from Lisbon, a convoy of about US vessels left Trinidad on 27
Feb. for an unknown destination.
2. Own Situation:
Two large groups of submarines will be formed in the North
Atlantic on lh and 15 Mar. Group "Stuermer", consisting of 19
submarines, has been ordered to proceed on course 2h0° on lk Mar.
at 2000 from patrol line AK 3563 - AL 7215.
After cessation of the Group "Neuland" operations, eleven subma-
rines will operate as Group "Draenger" south of Group "Stuermer",
from AL 1*887 to BE 1255. This Group is to proceed on 15 Mar. at
0800 on course 260°.
On 13 Mar. at noon, submarine U "603", from Group "Raubgraf", re-
ported a convoy in AJ 67h7 on southerly course. The Group is
taking action against this enemy force. Contact was maintained
until midnight.
On 12 Mar. submarine U "653" sank an unaccompanied steamer of U,000
GRT on southwesterly course in AJ 915U.
Southwest of the Azores, contact by Group "Unverzagt" with the
enemy, which had been lost, was re-established by submarine U "513"
at lii55. Four other submarines also made contact during the day
but were driven off again. One of these submarines, U "172", re-
ports sinking the steamer SAGEBRUSH (5,565 GRT) in CD 6825.
Groups "Unverzagt" and "Wohlgemut" have been ordered to discontinue
their search for the convoy in time to form a patrol line from CD
6385 over CE Ii7li3 to DE 7lilii at 0900 on Ik Mar.
In the area of the Canary Islands, submarine U "U3n sank a combined
passenger- freighter of the Blue Star Line (6,000 GRT) on 3 Mar. in
DF 9329.
Submarine U "107" gained contact with the southbound convoy which
had been spotted by our air reconnaissance in CD. The submarine
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13 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
heard six hits and observed that a four-inasted ammunition ship blew
up. It is believed that two steamers for 12,000 GRT were sunk.
From the South Atlantic, submarine U "68" reports sinking two
steamers totalling 1$,500 GRT from a convoy in EC 5299.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had 290 planes out on operation, in-
cluding 209 fighters, in the west area and 17 in the Mediterranean.
Six enemy planes were shot down by fighters. During the night of
13 Mar. the Thames and the Dungeness area were mined. Nine bombers
attacked Brighton.
During this night, 118 enemy planes flew over German territory, 30
of them as far as Warsaw. Their assignment was probably to mine
the Baltic Sea coasts. Ten planes flew over the Heligoland Bight
and the remainder into the Air Force Area Western France, probably
also on minelaying. Two planes were shot down by fighters.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
A dusk attack was made on the harbor of Bone by six JU 88
planes. Eighteen planes from a strong enemy formation attempting
an attack on one of our airfields were shot down by one of our
fighter formations. During the night of 13 Mar., nine JU 88 planes
were in action against shipping in the harbor of Bone. Eight JU 88
planes set out to attack Tripoli.
3. Eastern Front;
During the night of 12 Mar. 38 bombers attacked the town
and harbor of Murmansk.
VHI.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
According to a report dated 10 Mar. from the Naval Attache,
Madrid, the Spanish Naval Information Division states that the greatest
activity in all sectors is going on in Gibraltar. The same obser-
vations have been made as in the second half of October.
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13 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
A new operation is evidently being prepared, to start probably in
about two weeks. The Spanish Navy does not envisage a threat to
its own territory.
According to an intelligence report from a diplomatic source in
Portugal, the pritish and Americans hope to have definitely de-
feated the German troops in North Africa by the beginning of May.
Assembly of warships and nierchantmen in Gibraltar and in the North
African ports for an attack on Southern France and Italy is said to
be planned for this time. The final decision as to the withdrawal
of the main offensive to the Western Mediterranean is said to de-
pend on attainment of the targets set in Tunis,
At 1136 the heavy task force was 35 miles northwest of Oran on
easterly course. Submarines were sighted RO miles south of Toulon,
11 miles south of Marseilles and 20 miles northwest of Brindisi.
In the Eastern Mediterranean only light convoy traffic was noted.
According to an intelligence report of 7 Mar,, an African flotilla
of 32 small vessels is assembled in Haifa ready to sail to Tripoli.
The crews are wearing civilian clothes and have false documents;
the guns are well camouflaged. Every vessel, including the life-
boats, is equipped with two to three radio sets. The vessels are
to perform anti-submarine operations.
According to another intelligence report of 13 Mar., a reliable
agent reports considerable traffic between Syrian ports and Cyprus,
especially during the hours of darkness. This traffic has not been
confirmed by our air reconnaissance,
2, Own Situation Mediterranean:
Three Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. Two submarines have put out from Pola for the Western Medi-
terranean and one from Salamis for the Eastern Mediterranean. They
have been assigned grid squares CO 1*6, U9, 5k and 55 as operational
areas.
At 02li0, the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla reported that it was
attacked by enemy FT boats while anchored off Zembra. Motor Mine-
sweeper R "10" was set on fire by gunfire and suffered casualties.
The boat has been towed off to Bizerta. Before casting anchor off
Zembra, the Flotilla had made an exploratory sweep and had furnished
anti-aircraft and anti-submarine escort for a convoy to Bizerta. A
preliminary report on the engagement involving the 3rd and 7th FT
Boat Flotillas has been made by Ger.oan Naval Command, Tunisia. For
copy see teletype lSUS, The report states that the 7th PT Boat
Flotilla torpedoed a destroyer and sank her with a finishing shot in
CJ 7661. Four destroyerr were in sight and other explosions were
heard. A second destroyer nry therefore have been torpedoed. In
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13 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
CJ 7663, the 3rd FT Boat Flotilla attacked three destroyers, sinking
one certainly and probably two of them. FT boat S "158" was chased.
Afterwards she picked up a survivor of the destroyer LIGHTNING at
the place of sinking. On its return passage the 7th Flotilla again
contacted destroyers and attacked them but failed to score any hits.
Casualties were caused by shell fragments. From the size of sighted
vessels' shadows, it is not unlikely that of the two vessels sunk
and two probably sunk one may have been a cruiser, since, from
prisoners' statements, the enemy forces operating against our con-
voys comprised cruisers and destroyers.
The preliminary brief report of German Naval Command, Tunisia has
been forwarded to: Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff,
Navy; High Command, Army, Naval Liaison Officer with Army General
Staff; Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff, Naval
Liaison Officer; Commander, FT Boats. For copy see teletype 1719.
This satisfactory action by the FT boat flotillas
was accomplished at the cost of slight material
damage and few casualties.
Commander in Chief, Navy has commended the 3rd and
7th FT Boat Flotillas.
At 0936 two tugs close in to the coast off Cape Morgiou ( near Cas-
sis) were sunk by gunfire from an enemy submarine.
Group West reports that, in reply to an enquiry, Commanding General,
Armed Forces, West has stated that the 50,000 GRT of shipping being
held in readiness at Marseilles for special task "Balearics" are no
longer needed and may therefore be returned to merchant traffic.
Supply and Transport Office, Marseilles will make the necessary
arrangements.
Of the vessels which Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West has re-
ported requisitioned in harbors of southern France, three motor
yachts are to be left as small submarine chasers with the 6th
Coast Patrol Flotilla by order of Naval Staff. The remaining two
boats of minesweeper group M "6021" to M "602U" are to be turned
over to German Naval Command, Italy, six large submarine chasers
"2211" to "2216" to the 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla, and steam
trawlers CTVTNCHI and ALCYON to Admiral, Aegean. Nine vessels
rer.ain with the 6th Coast Patrol Flotilla for clearing moored mines.
Seven of these are also suitable for ground mine clearance. Pri-
ority fitting out of the vessels of the 6th Coast Patrol Flotilla
must not delay preparation of the vessels alloted to German Naval
Command, Italy.
In regard to the raising of the sunken French warships in Toulon,
Chief, Fleet °ranch, Quartermaster Division, comments that from
his own knowledge of the local situation, the Italians are very
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13 Mar. I?h3 CONFIDENTIAL
interested in the speedy salvaging of all vessels allotted to them
and are urging the Commander of the Arsenal to help then with his
equipment. They also asked for assistance from the Reich Com-
missioner of Maritime Shipping during his visit to Rome, However,
the offer of the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping to place
a German salvage firm at their disposal was declined by the
Italians. In Naval Staff's opinion the decision on repairs to
raised ships should not be left to the Arsenal Commander, Toulon,
especially since the Italians are inclined to invoke the authority
of the Italian High Command for their purposes. Therefore the Com-
mander of the Arsenal must be given stronger support from high
authorities.
3. Sea Transport Situation:
The tanker STEROPE and the motorship ECTFREL entered
Palermo and Trapani, respectively, under their own power. The con-
voy MANZONI - ROSELLI which had temporarily put in to Olbia because
of the enemy situation, proceeded on its passage to Bizerta in the
afternoon accompanied by two torpedo boats.
No other reports of importance have been received.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
Convoy traffic was delayed by bad weather.
Black Sea;
The 1st PT Boat Flotilla's operation off Tuapse was suc-
cessful. The two southerly boats torpedoed a 7,000 GFT tanker
which was escorted by gunboats. According to air reconnaissance
the tanker was afterwards seen burning. In the afternoon, four
boats of the 1st PT Boat Flotilla put out again for operations into
the same sea area. During the night of 12 Mar. Italian PT boats in
the Ghelenjik area encountered no shipping excent for strong enemy
PT boat patrols. No results were observed from an exchange of
machine-gun fire with enemy PT boats.
Submarine U "211" has been ordered to leave Constant za for the oper-
ational area on lli Mar.
In the forenoon an enemy submarine made an unsuccessful attack on
the convoy of the steamer BUDAPEST east of Tarkhanskutski. Depth
charge attacks by naval landing craft were unsuccessful.
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13 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
The coastal road and battery southwest of Novorossisk cane under
intensified enemy gunfire which was returned. Continuous air at-
tacks were made on Anapa. Casualties were caused but damage was
slight. An enemy FT boat ran aground north of Anapa and was de-
stroyed by naval and Army anti-aircraft gunfire. The crew was
taken prisoner.
In the ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch, two Siebel ferries
and two combined operations landing craft were damaged by enemy air
attack. Three enemy planes were shot down by anti-aircraft guns.
2U naval landing craft made U6 crossings and transferred 2,523
soldiers, Ul8 prisoners, 3h6 civilians, 2,620 horses, 363 motorized
and 530 horse-drawn vehicles, etc.
IX. Situation East Asia.
The Naval Attache, Tokyo reports that during a conversation with
the Chief of Naval Staff, reference was made to the great im-
portance of New Guinea. Only by complete occupation of that island
and the consequent control of the Torres Strait, can the stability
of the Japanese southern area be assured. Japan is making every
effort to achieve this aim this year, taking advantage of the com-
mitment of U.S. forces in North Africa and of Russia's present
neutrality. The enemy air attack on the Lae convoy on 2 Kar. had
caused heavy damage and casualties; li, 000 men were drowned. All
Japanese positions on the north coast are being connected by roads
in order to bring up reinforcements without danger. The Americans
were extremely good at building airfields in a minimum of time.
The Japanese Armed Forces would heartily welcome information in
regard to German experience in building airfields.
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Hi Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
Items of Political Importance,
The "Times" writes of Eden's trip to Washington that, in a certain
sense, this visit completes a triad, Churchill's talks in Washing-
ton had aimed mainly at the solution of strategic questions,
Lyttelton's visit was made in connection with production problems
and Eden would now deal with political matters. His visit coin-
cided with a turning-point in the war and, in the interest of a fair
solution of international problems, it was therefore most important
for Anglo-American relations to be clearly defined. One of the
matters that would probably be dealt with was the political future
of French North Africa and of France herself, Russia would be kept
informed on the nature and progress of the discussions. Stalin had
assented to the Washington talks.
As the Foreign Office Russian affairs expert was on Eden's staff,
the Russian problem would also come under review, Eden himself had
declared to the Washington press that the stage for discussion on
the future frontiers between the various countries had not yet been
reached. There was still a long road to travel before this matter
could be settled.
According to an Exchange report, Japan has so far raised no ob-
jections to the shipment of war material on Russian vessels to
Siberian harbors.
According to a Reuter report Smuts has declared that the spirit of
irresponsibility in regard to the U.S.S.P. seems to extend to
America also. South Africa would have to pav dearly for this
attitude.
The Swiss Embassy in Sofia has advised all Swiss nationals in Bul-
garia to send their wives and children home as soon as possible.
Chief, Naval Staff.
Chief, Naval Staff has left to report to the Fuehrer at Headquarters;
after that, he will fly to Rome. He is accompanied by Chief, Oper-
ations Division, Cuartermaster General and Deputy to Clvef, Oper-
ations Branch, Operations Division.
Special Items;
I. On the instructions of Naval Staff ( see War Diary 11 Mar. ) ,
German Naval Command, Ital} has submitted the following information:
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Ih. Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
1. Fbr the establishment of bases for FT boat flotillas in
the Sardinian area, it is generally planned to set up as widespread
a network of bases as possible against enemy landings. Therefore,
first of all Porto Vesme and secondly, Porto Conte, as an alterna-
tive base, are being prepared.
2. It is unlikely that PT boat flotillas can be used for
direct defense against first enemy landings, as the enemy's center
of operations is unknown. Continuous air reconnaissance will be
necessary,
3. The subsequent disruption of the enemy's sea communications
after landing cannot be accomplished adequately from Bizerta or
Sicily for reasons of distance, Jumping-off bases must therefore
be established in southwest and northwest Sardinia.
U« It is planned to transfer the PT boat flotillas only if
there appears to be danger of an enemy landing or if there is a
possibility of additional operations against enemy communications.
Teletype correspondence with German Naval Command as per l/Skl
73U,752 and 176/U3 Gkdos. Chefs,, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
II, By order of Commander in Chief, Navy dated 13 Mar., the Com-
manding Admiral of Naval Group South is to rank equally with the
Commanding General of an Army Group effective immediately.
III, The completion of Ship "5M has been delayed not only by diffi-
culties in procuring material, but also because armament offices
have called for modifications and installations as late as 19^3,
that is, almost a year later than the original date fixed for
completion. The completion date has been considerably postponed by
the requirement that the main and auxiliary radio offices be inter-
changed and by the circuit diagrams for the gunnery switch station
just submitted.
Furthermore, at the end of Pebruary it was found that the height of
the deck is not sufficient for installation of the 15 cm. rapid
firing guns, incorrect data having been submitted at the time of
preparatory construction work. Naval Staff, Quartermaster Division
has been requested by Chief of Staff, Naval Staff to institute
immediate investigations as to who is responsible for the ship's
construction and which office should have prevented the occurrence
of the blunders which have caused the delay. The question of
responsibility must be definitely cleared up. Copy of letter l/Skl
7hlO/U3 Gkdos". in War Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
IV, The Foreign Office has forwarded a telegram dated 12 Mar, from
the German Consul General in Tangier which, on the basis of regular
reports from the Military Attache on the landing of troops and
. 170 - CONFIDENTIAL
Ik Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
material in North Africa, draws the conclusion that the Anglo-
American forces in French North Africa appear to be considerably-
stronger than would be necessary for a general attack on Tunisia.
As, in addition, special landing troops have also recently arrived
via Gibraltar and Casablanca and construction and transfer of
landing craft has been frequently established, the German and
Italian offices in Tangier have come to the conclusion that large-
scale landing operations are being prepared on the Mediterranean
coast of French North Africa. The Spanish High Commissioner,
General Orgaz, has also come to the same conclusion. Furthermore,
Englishmen are said to have stated that they had to undertake an
attack on Europe in the not too distant future. The Italian Consul
General has reported to Rome that he anticipates a landing on
Sardinia. The Spanish are making every effort to prevent Spam
from being drawn into the coming events in any way.
Situation lb Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation:
The REGENSBURG and KARIN have been ordered by radiogram
0057 to make for the rendezvous with the submarine according to
orders and to wait within a ten mile radius until nightfall. If
the meeting is not accomplished, another attempt is to be made next-
day at the same time. The ships are not to use radio as the subma-
rine has orders to report whether or not the meeting has taken
place and Naval Staff will then take further measures.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
The High Command of the Norwegian Navy in London announced
on 13 Mar. the loss of the minesweeper HARSTADT which was sunk in a
British Channel convoy during our FT boat attack on the night of 27
Feb.
At 0957 our reconnaissance spotted a destroyer 3^0 miles west-south-
west of Brest and at 1005> hO miles west thereof, a convoy of 50
merchantmen with probably 8 uscort vessels on northerly course.
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lli Mar. 19 hi CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
A short time after noon, h transports, 1 destroyer and k escort
vessels on northerly course were sighted and attacked about 300
miles west of Cape Finisterre.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast;
An ELM/ J mine was cleared off Lorient.
Channel Coast t
On 13 Mar., the 12th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla cleared
three EFA and two ELM/A mines off Boulogne. One ATE mine was shot
up.
During the night of 13 Mar., five boats of the 2nd FT Boat Flotilla
laid mines in a narrow belt off Orfordnes according to plan and un-
observed by the enemy. For brief report see teletype 1115. Other-
wise no special events.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North, reports that the loss
of the steamers LIEGE and HERMOD was indisputably caused by tor-
pedoes from enemy PT boats.
Escort and patrol services were carried out according to plan. One
ELM/j mine was cleared near Terschelling and another near Neuwerk.
During the night of 13 Mar., about ten enemy planes flew over the
Heligoland Bight to lay mines north of the Frisian Islands and in
the area of Heligoland. On the evening of ll* Mar., five enemy
incursions were reported in the area north of Terschelling, ob-
viously in search of a convoy.
2. Norway, Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, a Russian plane reported
a German submarine north of Tromsoe and gave information about the
expected sailing of freighters from there. On 13 Mar., one of our
planes sighted and attacked a submarine 25 miles north of Tanahorn.
- 172 - CONFIDENTIAL
Hi Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
On lii Mar., our air reconnaissance reported ten steamers of up to
5,000 GRT and six patrol boats west of Swinoe. It seems uncertain
whether it was a convoy or a fishing flotilla.
On 13 Mar., there were eleven steamers in Yokonga, a coastal vessel
and a motor boat in Motovski Bay. There were two steamers on
easterly course southwest of the Kildin Islands,
Own Situation:
Enemy planes attacked Kirkenes on 12 Mar. and Petsamo on
13 Mar. without special results.
At 2250 on lU Mar., one of our convoys lying in Floroe was attacked,
presumably by enemy PT boats. The steamer OPTIMA (1,21*9 GRT; was
sunk. The enemy escaped by the northeastern outlet. Otherwise escort
service was carried out according to plan.
Admiral, Northern Waters reports no special incidents.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
During the night of 13 Mar., there were ten incursions by 15 enemy
planes. Mines are suspected in the Baltic Sea entrances. Channels
were temporarily closed. The incursions went as far as Danzig Bay.
An enemy plane was shot down at Roenne by naval anti-aircraft fire.
Also during the night of ill Mar., minelaying raids were made over
the northern part of the Great Belt and the southern part of the
Kattegat and the Sound. One mine was cleared northeast of Anholt
and one in the Little Belt. The Hirtshals - Arendal patrol line
was occupied by four patrol boats, the Hanstholm barrage gap by one
patrol boat. Escort service was carried out according to plan.
Enemy planes attacked Peipia and Stremlenje with incendiary and
high-explosive bombs. Our air forces attacked the harbor of
Lavansaari and the Lavansaari - Seivisaari isthmus. Five hundred
vehicles were counted in truck traffic between Lissi Noss -
Kronstadt and Oranienbaum.
V» Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was very strong,
67 planes being detected. Submarine sighting reports were inter-
cepted from the Bay of Biscay and in the area of convoy operations.
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Ik Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
An unidentified U.S. steamer sent out an SSS signal alter having
been torpedoed about 360 miles southwest of Cape Palmas. It was
probably a successful Italian action.
2. Own Situation;
In the North Atlantic, contact with the convoy south of
Greenland was not regained by Group "Raubgraf" in spite of a long
search. A number of boats of this Group suffered damage, partly
from bombing. The operation was discontinued at 1900. The re-
maining nine boats of the Group have been assigned to the new
patrol line from AJ 99hS to BC 3566 as of 1600 on 15 Mar.
At noon the southbound convoy in CG was again spotted by submarine
U "107" • The submarine reports that on the basis of life-boats and
wreckage, she probably sank three steamers on 13 Mar. Operations
against the convoy have been discontinued.
Eight submarines newly assigned to the North Atlantic have been
ordered to proceed to AK 83.
Submarine U "513" regained contact with the convoy west of the
Azores. Three submarines maintained contact with this convoy
throughout the day.
A 6,000 GRT steamer and the U.S. steamer ARYAN (6,h52 GRT) were
sunk in the Cape area by submarine U "l60" on 8 Mar. and 11 Mar-
respectively. It is planned to supply the submarines in this area
in the lower third of DG.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. TV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
The 3rd Air Force had 92 planes, including U6 fighters, in
action in the West area and 20 in the Mediterranean. Six fighters
attacked a point on the south coast. During the day three Spit-
fires were certainly and two others probably shot down in defense
actions against strong enemy fighter groups that attempted to at-
tack our airfields.
A steamer of 10,000 - 12,000 GRT in the transport convoy 300 miles
west of Cape Finisterre was probably damaged by our attack. An
attack on Sunderland is to be made by US bombers on the night of
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ih Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
ill Mar. During last night 21 enemy planes flew over Oeruany. Be-
sides the minelaying missions already reported, nuisance raids in
the Ruhr area and flights to drop agents in Bohemia are reported.
Four courier planes to Sweden and two to England were also observed.
Two of these planes were shot down in the Munich area by anti-
aircraft guns.
Air Commander, Atlantic Coast plans to carry out air reconnaissance
to the west between 1|2° and h5° N. with six planes.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
During the night of lh Mar., ten torpedo bombers were sent
out against the eastbound convoy near Bone. No results were ob-
served.
3. Eastern Front:
Over the Array fronts Ii6 enemy planes were shot down on 13
Mar. and 61i on ih Mar. Six of our planes were lost. During the
night of lU Mar., the 5th Air Force sent out five bombers against
Murmansk and Rosta.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
In the forenoon one minelayer of the ADVENTURE class and
two destroyers from the Mediterranean entered Gibraltar. Three
destroyers put out towards the Mediterranean. In the afternoon, a
convoy of 2 transports, 2 tankers, and 17 U.S. steamers, mostly in
ballast, left Gibraltar for the Atlantic. This convoy was joined
by another from the Mediterranean consisting of 12 steamers and 1
tanker, all in ballast.
No reports have been received today on the heavy task force in the
Western Mediterranean. Lively convoy traffic was observed off the
Algerian coast.
Submarines were sighted off Cape Gallo and off Cape Spartivento.
A convoy of 8 steamers with 8 escort vessels was reported in the
Eastern Mediterranean 35 miles northwest of Derna on westerly
course. Photographic interpretation showed 9 steamers, 1 destroyer
and other smaller vessels in Tobruk on 13 Mar.
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Hi Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
There were three Italian submarines in the operational
area. No special reports have been received from our own
submarines.
German Naval Command, Italy reports that, according to prisoners1
statements, two cruisers and two destroyers were in the enemy
formations engaged by the FT boat flotillas. On lh Mar., the 3rd
and 7th FT Boat Flotillas were not on operation. In view of the
phase of the moon, minelaying operations by the FT boat flotillas
will not be possible up to 27 Mar. inclusive.
All available Italian mine defense forces have been sent out to
check-sweep for moored and magnetic mines on the convoy routes to
Zembretta. No clearances have been reported. The six auxiliary
minesweepers entered Naples in the afternoon. Minesweeper M "60211"
is en route from Civitavecchia to Naples.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
At 02U5 the motorship CAR/VIBE was set on fire by an aerial
torpedo hit. The ship sank with 779 tons of German ammunition,
581i tons of provisions, 30 motor vehicles and five guns. At 1000,
enemy submarines sank the steamer FEGLI six miles west of Cape
Gallo, and at 1210, the steamer COSENZA three miles east of Cape
Spartivento. The motorship ROSELLI-MANZONI convoy is proceeding
according to plan. Small vessel traffic between Sicily and Tunisia
was carried out according to plan and without special incident.
U. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
No special incidents.
Black Sea:
According to air reconnaissance, the tanker which was
torpedoed near Tuapse during the night of 12 Mar. was stranded
and burning in the afternoon one mile southeast of Tuapse.
During the night of 13 Mar., the 1st FT Boat Flotilla sighted
no enemy forces in the operational area and returned to Ivanbaba.
Three naval landing craft left Kerch for the 7th Anapa transport
according to plan.
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lh Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
Enemy air attacks were made on Temriuk and Kamysh Burun. An Air
Force ammunition dump was hit.
In the ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch, naval landing
craft F "136" was sunk by a mine although the channel is checked
every day. Period delay mines have probably been used. Due to
freshening winds, loading and unloading at the fish salting plant
and at Taman was impossible after 1100. 16 landing craft made
17 crossings and transferred to the west 2,603 soldiers, 55b
prisoners, U6U civilians, 1*96 motorized and 5l6 horse-drawn
vehicles as well as 2,062 horses etc.
Submarine U "2U" left Constantza for operations.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
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15 Hwr. 19!i3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
In regard to Eden's visit to Washington, the "Times" writes: There
can be no security in Western Europe so long as there is insecurity
in Eastern Europe. Security there cannot, however, be established
without the militarv might of Russia. The view that it is impossi-
ble to wipe out the German nation or to destroy the German State is
correct and is supported by the authority of Stalin. The security
of Europe depends on the united and continuous vigilance of Great
-ritain and Russia; if one of these two countries should fall,
domination of Europe would again become inevitable. It is there-
fore urgent that British diplomacy should work continually towards
strengthening confidence between Great Britain and Russia until
complete understanding between the two countries has been achieved.
Its other tasks will be to convince the U.S.A. of British and
Russian common interest in European security and to suggest the
ways and means by which it may be realized. European security can-
not be established by the proclamation of general principles, by
the acceptance of hypothetical obligations, or by the creation of
any machinery of international cooperation and consultation. Nor
can it be created by an organization based on the principle of
national independence, because this would mean the division of
Europe into 20 small states.
The problem can only be solved if the Great Powers make use of
their military and economic power to bring about a union. Russia's
achievements in this war have proved that she is entitled to be
represented therein, rurther press reports state that at Washing-
ton,post-war problems, particularly that of cooperation with Russia,
were much to the fore. A United Nations conference on post-war
problems is planned.
According to Radio Algiers, Giraud has declared that he is acting
as a trustee under the law of the French Republic. An approach be-
tween Giraud and de Gaulle is evident.
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
I, Chief of Staff, Naval Staff ordered that Group West be di-
rected to obtain assurance from Air Commander, Atlantic Coast, if
not already done, that W 200 planes on long-range reconnaissance
be forbidden to attack,
II, Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division gave particulars
of the report of Naval Command, Norway on the protection of the
railroad communication planned from Fauske to Narvik, Naval Com-
mand, Norway has proposed the additional protection of Folda Fiord
by one modern 15 cm naval battery near Kierringoey and one on the
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15 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
southern part of the Leiranger Peninsula, as well as closing of
the narrowest part of Vest Fiord, protection of Tyss Fiord and of
the entrance to Ofot Fiord by a modern 15 cm battery at Tranoe,
another at Tysnes, and a third on Baroey. It is estimated that the
railroad will take four years to build. Therefore, Naval Command,
Norway believes that it will be possible to provide material and
personnel for the batteries. Quartermaster Division will be re-
sponsible for this matter.
The Todt Organization has inquired whether it will be possible to
provide sufficient protection for the ferry traffic to Narvik.
Operations Division believes that the submarine threat between
Kjelshavn - Skarberget and Kjelshavn - Narvik can be regarded as
slight. It will be possible to restrict this threat still further
by the use of mines and net barrages as well as submarine -chasers.
The possibility of enemy forces entering Folda Fiord or Sagn Fiord
and of enemy landings in the area Bodoe - Leiranger can be met by
extending the fortifications and by increased establishment of
coastal batteries. The air threat requires special consideration.
Adequate anti-aircraft protection and preparation of reserve ferry-
boats is therefore necessary. In case of emergency, naval landing-
craft can be used between Kjelshavn and Skarberget, this being
taken into consideration in harbor work. Under these conditions
there is no objection to laying the track to Kjelshavn and setting
up ferry traffic from Kjelshavn to Narvik. In order to facilitate
construction work, the railroad terminus could be located further
up on Tyss Fiord if technically practicable. Extension of the
ferry route can in any case be accepted.
III» Chief, Officer Personnel Department reports that Group South
has released Commander Wegener now attached to Special Staff
"Scheurlen", making him immediately available. As this officer was
assigned by special instructions of the Fuehrer, Chief of Staff,
Naval Staff has ordered that the naval adjutant should first sound
out the Fuehrer.
IV. Chief, Fleet Branch, Quartermaster Division reports that the
permanent representative of Commander in Chief, Navy, at Fuehrer
Headquarters - Rear Admiral Voss - has forwarded an order from the
Fuehrer that more FT boats are to be transferred to the Mediter-
ranean in addition to motor minesweepers.
In the opinion of Operations Division, a decision on this question
must be suspended for the time being for the following reasons:
1.) The transfer depends on whether the investigation produces
positive results and on setting up of the new transfer route
planned (Seine - SaoVie).
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..r. ]
FDENTIAL
2.) When these results have ceen received, it must be decided how
-i.vy Rnhleneyer cars can be taken fror. the Eire - Danube traffic
for the Seine - Saone traffic.
3«) Motor minesweepers are r.ost urgently needed in the Mediter-
ranean. In view of the small number of Kuhlemeyer cars available,
each PT boat transferred means that a motor minesweeper must be
left.
U.) As there are at present barely 20 FT boats in the Channel
ready for action, and as, in the near future, more FT boats are to
be delivered to the Spaniards, and as, furthermore, other FT boats
are to be transferred to the Black Sea, it is necessary that
possibilities of employment and transfer of these vessels be care-
fully examined before the Fuehrer can be inforaed that the further
transfer of FT boats to the Mediterranean is possible. This ex-
amination will be carried out by Operations Division, Fleet Oper-
ations Section.
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff concurs. Copy of order as per l/Skl
765lA3 Ikdos. to Quartermaster Division in War Diary, Part C, Vol.d,
V, According to further information from Cuartermaster Division,
Commanding General, Armed Forces, West has replied in the affirma-
tive to Commander in Chief, Navy's request for assistance with
anti-aircraft expansion at the submarine bases on the French west
coast. The work will be done at the expense of the 7th Army Com-
mand,
VI. Chief of Staff, Naval Staff dealt with the question of the
delay to Ship "$" as per letter to Cuartermaster Division of lit
Mar. (See War Diary, lL Nar.)
Special Items :
I. The General Naval Administration Pureau, Judge Advocate's
Office has forwarded the final report of the investigator in the
proceedings concerning shipping losses on the Kolberg and Memel
barrages. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. III. Operations Di-
vision agrees with the proposal that suspension of the proceedings
be recommended to Commander in Chief, Navy as court martial pro-
ceedings against one or more persors is neither militarily desira-
ble nor juridically necessary and cannot atone for the losses
ffered, Ratherj as a whole, operational commands in the Baltic
area, that is Sroap Sorth, Commanding Admiral, Task Force and
"altic Station were unequal to the task of protecting our own
"ors by defensive mine barrages and at the same time guaran-
teeing safe transit for our own shipping.
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CON FTDENTIAL
15 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II. New directives have been formulated for the conduct of oper-
ations against merchant shipping, incorporating intervening changes
that have taken place. Copy of the order l/Skl I ia 6999/U3 Gkdos.
in War Diary, Part B, Vol, V. Appendix: "Directives on the Con-
duct of War against Merchant Shipping."
Situation 15 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
North Atlantic:
According to an agent's report, a U.S. formation con-
sisting of 1 heavy and 2 light cruisers with 6 destroyers called at
Dakar at the beginning of March.
A convoy allegedly consisting of hh steamers and 8 tankers is said
to have passed Bermuda on 13 Mar. bound for Dakar.
South Atlantic:
In February, 67 ships were repaired in Capetown, 15 in
Port Elizabeth, 23 in East London; Durban was also working to
capacity. Docking demands could not always be met.
2. Own Situation:
Naval Staff has informed the KARIN by radiogram 2338 ( in
special code "Karin") that the submarine assigned to meet her has
had to delay sailing and will be 170 miles east of point "Raum-
leiter" , where the rendezvous is to take place, at earliest on 26 Mar.
The DOGGERBANK has been given the following instructions by radio-
gram ll*12 ( in special code "Doggerbank"):
1.) Naval Staff assumes that DOGGERBANK will enter the neutral
route north of the Maraala Bank about 17 Mar., or possibly later.
2.) 100 miles north and south of the neutral route to Lisbon and
from there to the north submarines have been forbidden to attack
outside route "Anton" as from 16 Mar. until further notice.
3.) West of Portugal it is believed that there will be good
clearance from all convovs sailing to Gibraltar. According to
schedule, one ten-knot convoy and one seven-knot convoy will leave
Gibraltar to the north on 22 Mar.
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b
15 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
In) Naval Staff will retain control as far as about the latitude
of Vigo,
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
Photographic interpretation of Portsmouth shows, as com-
pared with 7 Mar., the addition of 1 heavy cruiser, 1 steamer, 1
tanker, 23 barges and landing craft and the departure of 2 de-
stroyers, 12 PT boats, 23 harbor and coastal vessels and 60 smaller
boats. Our air reconnaissance spotted 10 vessels on southeasterly
course east of the Isle of Wight and 1 destroyer on westerly course
east of Falmouth. Southeast of Falmouth near the coast there were
10 steamers on northerly course.
The report transmitted by the Military Attache, ^rn ( see War Diary
13 Mar. Special Items II) has been set out as follows by Fbreign
Affairs Intelligence Division and forwarded by Naval Staff to Group
West and Admiral, Denmark:
1.) A reliable agent, who, among other things, gave us tijnely
warning of the Dieppe action and the Berlin attacks, reports:
In the second half of March, probably between the 15 th and
20th, a landing attempt on a major scale, similar to the Dieppe
action, is planned in the area lie d'Cleron - Gironde estuary and
south of it as far as Landes. (Note by the reporting office: i.e.
the Arcachon area).
A simultaneous action is to be carried out in North
Jutland and a parallel feint maneuver in the area Port Vendres -
Perpignan as far as Rivesaltes.
2.) A second source, with connections in the British Intelligence
Service, speaks of actions in preparation against the Gironde
estuary and North Jutland. No date is specified.
The reporting office does not regard this information as a de-
ception but takes it seriously.
From captured British material, Naval Intelligence Division has
obtained information as to the number of refugees who escaped from
Axis territory to Great Britain, and the routes used, between
January and October 19lil. Copy of the report as per l/Skl 7738/13
geh. in War Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
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IS Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
No special incidents,
Channel Coast:
On lli Mar. one ELM/j mine was cleared off Dunkirk.
Special Items:
During February 19^3, escort was provided in the area of
Group West for 112 submarines and for 282 merchant vessels total-
ling 185,000 GRT. Seven enemy air attacks, one PT boat attack and
one submarine attack were made on the convoys. One patrol boat was
sunk by submarine attack. Twenty-seven ground mines and fifteen
moored mines were cleared. Three enemy planes were shot down.
Group West notes:
1.) Revival of enemy surface force activity off the French coast
in the Channel, using gaps in the flanking barrages.
2.) Renewal of attack by enemy submarines on the ore traffic off
Bilbao.
3«) Heavy air raids on Lorient, St. Nazaire and Brest resulted in
the stoppage of dockyard activity at the two former places and
necessitated evacuation of the ports by our forces in order to
avoid further losses.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to our air reconnaissance, five PT boats were
halfway between Texel and Yarmouth on easterly course at 1935.
At midnight on 15 Mar., radio intelligence intercepted a report
from MTB "88" that one of our convoys, with one destroyer and one
unidentified auxiliary ship, was ill miles northwest of Terschelling
on course 20°. About the same time, MTB " 3lt" reported two of our
auxiliary ships about 13 miles west of the Hague on course 35°.
Own Situation:
After a successful search for some pilots who had crashed
into the sea, minesweeper M "3ii20" and a tug were attacked by enemy
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15 Mar. 191*3 CONFIDENTIAL
fighter planes. Five men were injured. At 1655, a group of the
3l*th Minesweeper Flotilla was attacked by one British bomber and
one fighter and suffered casualties. All boats were damaged and
are out of operational readiness. During the night of 15 Mar,,
convoy 1075 was attacked by enemy FT boats in AN 8236. The result
is not yet known. Near Heligoland, Rotersand, Terschelling and
Schiermonikoog a total of five ELM/j mines was cleared, one of them
by a minesweeping plane. Otherwise, escort and patrol services
were carried out according to plan.
2» Norway, Northern Waters t
Enemy Situation;
In the Murmansk area, six Russian destroyers were picked
up by radio intelligence. Reconnaissance over the North Sea was
slight, by the Iceland squadrons normal, with six planes in oper-
ation. Subsequent interpretation of photographic reconnaissance of
12 Mar. showed 2lt steamers totalling 130,000 GRT in the sea area be-
tween Murmansk and Kolaknie and one tanker of 9,300 GRT in dock.
Own Situationt
On lii Mar., Russian batteries fired 193 rounds at one of
our convoys en route to Petsamo without causing any damage. Our
batteries returned fire with 72 rounds. Escort service was carried
out according to plan.
A stranded British FT boat flying the Norwegian flag was captured
off Floroe. Search is being made for the crew. Admiral, West Nor-
wegian Coast reports that it was the Norwegian MTB "631" and that a
second MTB probably picked up the crew after attacking the steamer
OPTIMA (see War Diary, lJU Mar.).
For statements of Admiral, West Norwegian Coast concerning connected
drift mines on the skerries route, see teletype l8l5.
Naval Command, Norway reports that it is essential that Hammerfest,
as a submarine base, should have anti-aircraft protection. As this
has been refused by the 5th Air Force, it has asked if it would be
possible to withdraw two heavy and one light anti-aircraft batteries
from the Aas Fjord defenses. It is planned to use two naval landing
craft ( artillery) as interim defense.
In regard to the protection of Alta Fiord, Naval Command, Norway has
been directed by Group North to examine the possibility of trans-
ferring medium and light anti-aircraft batteries to Alta in addition
to the heavy battery "Thetis", although it could happen that part or
all of them would have to be returned at short notice to Bergen Bay.
I
- I8I4 - CONFIDENTIAL
15 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
In addition, the Group pointed out the great urgency of equipping
the second and third net enclosures in Alta FLord with mooring
buoys and bollards. (See teletype 1201).
Admiral, Northern Waters reports that minelaying operation "Klein
Erna" has been further postponed. Meteorological operation
"Brausewetter" was also delayed for 2U hours and did not begin
until 2325.
For the bringing in of the REGENSBURG and KARIN, the REGENSBURG has
been given the special code "Karin" by radiogram from Naval Staff.
As from 16 Mar., both ships will be able to work according to radio
directive "Himalaya" with special code "Karin". For the "Karin"
alone, the special code "Karin" in code "Tibet" will be used.
Group North was informed accordingly by order l/Skl I k 775A3
Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
During the day the Hirtshals - Arendal patrol line was occupied by
four patrol boats and during the night by five patrol boats. The
Hanstholm barrage gap was occupied by one patrol boat. One ELM/j
mine was cleared at each of the following points: near Samsoe,
west and east of Anholt and west of Hela. An ELM/A mine exploded
west of Samsoe. Escort service in the area of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, Baltic, was carried out according to plan.
A company of Cossacks, fighting on our side on the coast of Kron-
stadt Bay, mutinied on the night of lU Mar. Three ringleaders
escaped. From 0300 the enemy carried out intensive bombardment and
attack on Peterhof . At the request of the Army, Battery Strelna
put up a barrage from 0535 until 0558. The battery area was hit
several times by enemy gunfire from Kronstadt and the Karelian
coast, but little damage was done. Our planes dropped 29 SC 50
bombs on the battery on the north coast and on Lavansaari harbor.
Defense consisted of heavy anti-aircraft guns and two fighters.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Lively air reconnaissance was carried out in the Bay of
Biscay, 36 planes being observed. The SSS signal on lU Mar. from
the area southwest of Freetown came from the troop transport
EMPRESS of CANADA en route to Freetown, which was sunk by an
Italian submarine.
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15 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation!
In the North Atlantic, no action reports have been re-
ceived from Group "Raubgraf". The Group has been ordered to occupy
patrol line AK 7791 - BD lli85 at 1000 on 16 Mar. Submarines U "757"
(unable to dive) and U "359" have been advised that they will be
picked up by our torpedo boats in BF 7366 at IkOO on 17 Mar.
Submarine U "lil5M has reported no defenses and no patrols in the
Iceland passage.
Group "Unveraagt" maintained contact with the convoy in CF through-
out the day. Submarine U "52li" reported that the rear vessel in
the convoy ( of 6,000 GRT) was sunk by under-water attack at 2100 in
CE 5326. The convoy is strongly protected and consists of more
than itO vessels, including tankers.
No action reports have been received from the southern boats. In
the Mediterranean one 8,000 GRT steamer was sunk. Further reports
are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in War
Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
Submarine Division has been ordered that, due to the homeward
passage of the DOGGERBANK, submarine attacks are to be stopped from
16 Mar. in an area 100 miles on either side of the line from ED 88
via CG U9 and CG 25 to the north as far as Cape Ortegal.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The attack on Sunderland by US planes during the night of
lli Mar. was made in favorable weather conditions against the harbor,
dockyards and the part of the town south of the river Wear. The
Air Force General Staff states that the result of the attack was
relatively very good. During the day, the 3rd Air Force had 137
planes, including 59 fighters, operating in the west area and 9
planes on submarine chase and reconnaissance in the Mediterranean.
In the afternoon 20 enemy Bostons attacked the St. Brieux airfield
with 90 high explosive bombs, causing some damage to the landing
field. During the night of 15 Mar., 32 of our bombers set out to
attack Grimsby. There was only slight enemy air activity over
German territory during last night.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
Three enemy planes were shot down in the Tunisian area.
The Italian Air Force reports that a 12,000 GRT steamer in an enemy
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15 Mar. 19ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
convoy off Bone was heavily damaged on the morning of Ik Mar. by
torpedo bomber attack. In the evening, 17 of our bombers and two
waves of seven torpedo bombers each were in action against the
lively convoy traffic in the southern Gulf of Sidra. Action reports
have not yet been received. The Italian air reconnaissance of the
area around Cyprus produced no sighting reports.
3. Eastern Front:
Reconnaissance was flown in the Black Sea. The 5th Air
Force reports no special incidents from northern waters and the
Barents Sea.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean!
A minelaying cruiser of the ADVENTURE class left Gibraltar
to the west on the evening of lh Mar. On the morning of 15 Mar. 1
transport and 1 steamer with 2 destroyers and 1 corvette put in to
Gibraltar from the Mediterranean. At noon, a convoy of 8 loaded
U.S. steamers with 2 destroyers and 3 corvettes entered the port
from the Atlantic. Vessels in Gibraltar at noon were as follows:
1 DIDO cruiser in dock, 1 minelayer, 3 auxiliary cruisers, 9 de-
stroyers, lii corvettes, 2 cable layers, h transports, 63 steamers
and 8 tankers, as well as 180 planes.
No reports have been received on the heavy group in the Western
Mediterranean.
There was active convoy traffic off the Algerian coast. At noon, a
large westbound convoy was reported and attacked by one of our
submarines UO miles east-northeast of Algiers and at iQhS 25 miles
northeast of Cape Tenes*
During the morning our air reconnaissance spotted a large westbound
convoy in the Gulf of Sidra. It consisted of 6 steamers and k
tankers with 8 escort vessels, and was about 120 miles west of
Benghasi. At last sighting, this convoy was 75 miles east of Cape
Misurata at 1^10. In the forenoon, 2 steamers with 2 escort
vessels and h other small ships on westerly course, and 1 destroyer,
1 patrol vessel and 3 other unidentified vessels on easterly course
were sighted in the area of Mersa Matruh.
There was one submarine 60 miles southwest of Elba and another 26
miles west of Ostia.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines were in the operational area.
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15 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL .
At 18U5, submarine U "380" sank an 8,000 GRT steamer from a west-
bound convoy in CH 837U.
Submarines U "56l" and U "li31" passed through the Straits of
Messina en route to the Western Mediterranean.
During the night of 13 Mar., two PT boats were on patrol off the
north Tunisian coast. There are at present only two PT boats of
the 3rd PT Boat Flotilla ready for action in Bizerta. PT boats
S "153" and S "151" will move from Empedocle to Bizerta during the
night of 15 Mar.
On XU Mar., three boats of the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla per-
formed minesweeping escort duties. On 13 Mar., one mine was cleared
from a known barrage northwest of Zebib. Six auxiliary motor mine-
sweepers put in to Trapani. On the evening of lit Mar., submarine
chasers "220li" and "2201" left Messina for submarine chase off Cape
Spartivento. Later, the boats were ordered to Palermo to tow motor
minesweepers R "12" and R "13" to Messina. On lU Mar., submarine
chasers "2202", "2203" and "2210" put in to Naples from Palermo.
Submarine chasers "2205" and "2208" entered the same port from
Genoa.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West, has requested that the yacht
L'INCOMPRISE, scheduled for the 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla, be
attached to the submarine chase group of the 6th Coast Patrol Flo-
tilla in order to increase the defensive power of that escort group.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
Five Italian destroyers landed German troops in Tunis
during the morning. War transports KT "5" and KT "6" are en route
from Palermo to Trapani. They are to proceed to Tunis. Eight
steamers and two tankers are on return passage from Bizerta and
Tunis to Naples and Palermo. Two naval landing craft announced from
Sousse, which were to escort two steamers on their return passage,
have not yet arrived in Bizerta.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
The netlayer PIRAEUS has completed her special mission. A
patrol boat sank in the harbor of Chania after an engine explosion.
Escort traffic was carried out according to plan.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
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15 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Air reconnaissance reported at noon 1 destroyer and 1
merchantman on southeasterly course west of Sochi and another de-
stroyer northwest of Poti, also on southeasterly course* in Poti
there were 1 battleship and 2 heavy cruisers, one of them in dock.
In Batum there was a h.OOO GRT steamer, a passenger ship of 9,000
GRT and four 7,000 GRT tankers on the roads. In Tuapse, besides
light naval forces, there were 9 steamers totalling 9,000 GRT and
one 7,000 GRT tanker on the roads which had been set on fire by the
1st FT Boat Flotilla, Two other steamers, totalling 1,800 GRT were
detected in Ghelenjik.
Own Situation;
Due to weather conditions, there was no PT boat or escort
activity. The Kerch - Taman traffic was also stopped. On the
Yenikale - Kossa Chuchka route, traffic was maintained by means of
combined operations landing craft and Siebel ferries.
Naval landing craft MFP "U75", which had been sent out on the night
of 13 Mar, for observation of aerial mines, was sunk by a mine when
weighing anchor three miles north of the fish salting plant. Six
men were killed. Mine check was not possible owing to bad weather.
Combined operations landing craft and Siebel ferries transferred to
the west: 1,175 soldiers, 9U prisoners, U77 civilians, 67U horses,
201 motorized and Sh9 horse-drawn vehicles, etc.
VHI.Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received,
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16 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
In a declaration to the foreign press, not published in Germany,
Goebbels stated that the New Order for Europe was to be built up
essentially on a basis of free will and not on dictatorship. The
Reich desired to maintain the individual characters of the Euro-
pean nations. National Socialism was not an export. This
statement has aroused great interest in the foreign press and
some skeptical comment.
In regard to Eden's visit to Washington, Secretary of State Hull
told the press that the most important item in the talks was the
establishment of perfect understanding in regard to prosecution
of the war and the need to solve the major post-war problems.
These questions would have to be solved by far-reaching exchange
of information, Russia and China being included within the given
limits.
According to a diplomatic report, public feeling in Finland is
beginning to calm down. The new Prime Minister has stressed the
similarity of the political situations of Finland and Germany in
regard to the Bolshevist threat.
The already noted approach between de Gaulle and Giraud is evinced
by the arrival in Algiers and Morocco of several Government
members who up to now had strongly opposed de Gaulle,
The Turkish Prime Minister stated in an interview that the policy
of his government towards the Arabic countries was identical to
that of the British, According to "Transocean", British Air
Marshal Douglas, who is in Ankara, has been discussing primarily
matters of ground organization and the stock-piling of fuel, ammu-
nition and spare parts.
Another "Transocean" report states that the departure of the Swiss
colony from Bulgaria has not taken place.
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
I, Chief, Fleet Branch, Quartermaster Division, reports that
the Staff of the German Commander, Convoys, Mediterranean, whose
position is now under discussion in Rome, will be assigned from
the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West, The crews for
the ex- French torpedo boats and despatch boats requested by the
Italians will be taken from torpedo boats in dock,
II, The Naval Attache reports that receipt may be expected of an
official Japanese request for the German IX D type submarine . which
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16 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
is to be given to Japan to be delivered by a German Crew, and that
Admiral Nomura desires to travel in this submarine. Chief of
Staff, Naval Staff pointed out that Chief, Naval Staff does not
plan to make a German submarine crew available for this purpose •
III. Chief of Staff, Naval Staff also called attention to the
fact that the information on naval warfare put out by the radio
news for foreign countries leaves much to be desired. The Naval
Liaison Officer recently attached to the Ministry of Propaganda
is to convey Naval Staff's opinion to the Minister. The Adminis-
trative Staff of Commander in Chief, Navy remarked that all at-
tempts so far made by the Navy through Armed Forces High Command,
Press to bring about a reorganisation in the radio news have been
in vain.
Special Items;
I. From the final report of Group North on naval warfare in the
Baltic, 19^2, Chief, Naval Staff concludes that both the naval
forces under Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic and his subordinate
group commanders and commanders, and the formations of Admiral,
Baltic States successfully accomplished their important tasks.
They did this with limited means and by indefatigable activity,
straining personnel and material to the utmost, and in the face
of sometimes strong resistance. Chief, Naval Staff has fully ac-
knowledged these achievements in his letter l/Skl I a 75l8/b3 geh.
to Group North, Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic, Admiral, Baltic
States and the Naval Liaison Staff, Finland. In this he ex-
presses his confidence that the 19h3 Baltic naval war, now be-
ginning, which will doubtless be just as hard as the previous
campaigns, will be prosecuted with the same energy and resolution
by the commanders and forces involved in cooperation with the
other branches of the Armed Forces.
Copy of this letter in War Diary, Part C, Vol. III.
II. From an order of Naval Staff concerning operations by naval
forces in northern waters ( see War Diary, 10 Mar.), Group North
understands that the forces are to remain in Narvik until the
first mission has taken place or until other circumstances warrant
a change in plans. On 11 Mar. the Group reported that whenever an
opportunity for reasonable operation should arise, a proposal to
go into action would be made to Chief, Naval Staff. Group North
hopes that increased air reconnaissance will make it possible to
gain timely information and it plans to suggest thrusts from
Narvik during the present exercise period, if opportunity should
arise. However, the Group is of the opinion that convoy attack
and defense against landings may be more successful from the Alta
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16 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
area where, due to the short approach, a sudden thrust will have
the best chance of achieving tactical surprise especially since
the assembly of the Task Force is bound to come to the knowledge
of the enemy. Until the end of March, however, operations can be
made only from Narvik.
Fundamentally Group North is entirely right. How-
ever, it will be necessary to expand the air de-
fenses of Alta Fiord. According to Air Force
Operations Staff, Foreign Affairs Section, two
Hampdon squadrons were moved to the Murmansk area
in the fall of 19^2. After training Russian crews,
the British crews were withdrawn. In February, a
torpedo plane was shot down and the radio operator
was taken prisoner. According to his statement
there are seven crews in the torpedo squadron. The
airfield for this squadron is Varlamovo, Id km
northeast of Murmansk. It is not known whether the
2nd squadron is also stationed there. No other re-
ports have been received. The transfer of torpedo
planes to Murmansk by direct flight is entirely
possible.
Admiral, Northern Waters, agrees with the Group's views regarding
Alta as a jumping-off base and further reports:
1. The Bear Island - North Cape line is the nearest point
at which submarines can contact convoys and, since their number
is still limited, they will have to be stationed on that line.
According to recent experience, even air reconnaissance in favor-
able conditions can only pick up convoys west of this line com-
paratively rarely at this season. There is therefore great danger
that, when operating from the Narvik area, valuable time may be
lost.
2. Attempts must be made to attack convoys separated from a
heavy enemy group ( which generally avoids coming too close to our
air bases) at 20 and eastwards with the shortest approach and
return passage.
3» Operation from the Narvik area entails prolonging the
approach by at least 350 miles, with a correspondingly great re-
duction of the destroyers ' combat endurance for attacks on the
convoys.
lu It would therefore be advisable to move the formation of
Commanding Admiral, Task Force to Kaa Fiord as soon as possible
in order to jump off from there against a convoy which is expected
towards the end of March. It is estimated that it can be ready
to transfer by 22 Mar.
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16 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
5, There is nothing to choose between the two areas re-
garding enemy air reconnaissance to detect the formation, but it
will be more difficult for enemy agents to detect it in the Alta
area.
Group North concurs in these views and proposes that the Task
Force be transferred to Alta after 22 Mar., if no opportunity for
action from the Narvik area has presented itself by that date.
Naval Staff will recommend this proposal to Chief,
Naval Staff upon his return from Rome, Chief of
Staff, Naval Staff has telephoned his approval to
Commanding Admiral, Group North,
III* The Naval Liaison Officer attached to High Command Army,
Army General Staff has transmitted to Chief of Staff, Naval Staff
a list of problems at present pending on naval and land warfare
that he considers should form the basis for discussions at a
personal meeting suggested between Chief of Staff, Naval Staff
and Chief, Army General Staff,
The following are regarded as most important by Chief of Staff,
Naval Staff:
1, Warfare on Lake Ladoga,
2, Warfare in the Mediterranean,
3, Warfare in the Black Sea,
Items 1, and 2, are already being dealt with.
Two problems arise from item 3»:
a. Provision of gunboats, submarine chasers and mine-
layers for the present campaign,
b. Preparation of a combined operation against the Cau-
casian coast with the aim of repeating by sea the 19U2 summer
campaign which failed to achieve the desired results by land.
This will mean that transport space, escort forces and means for
attacking the coast must be provided.
In regard to 3 a,): There are no new requirements beyond the
current ones.
In regard to 3 b,): The possibility of carrying out the pro-
posed plan must be investigated. Group South is to undertake
examination of the question in the form of a study.
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16 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
IV. Quartermaster Division has defined its attitude towards the
Italian demands forwarded by Armed Forces High Command and de-
livered by General Warlimont (see War Diary, 5 Mar.), and has ad-
vised Armed Forces High Command accordingly. Copy as per l/Skl
I c 71* 96/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
Situation 16 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1« Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation;
Naval Staff informed the DOGGERBANK:
a. by radiogram 1001: that the slow convoy reported on 12
Mar. has been driven off to the north by our submarines. On 15
Mar. it was north-northwest of the Azores. On the evening of lk
Mar. the fast convoy proceeding at 13.3 knots was at 25° W.
b. by radiogram 1105: on the positions of neutrals on 12
Mar. at 2ii00 CET.
c. on the weather forecast for 16 Mar.
Information on the repair situation in South African ports during
February was forwarded by radiogram 2017 to all ships in foreign
waters.
-
II. Situation West Area.
la Enemy Situation:
At 11U2 Air Commander, Atlantic Coast reported 3 steamers
of from 500 to 1,000 GRT each lhO miles southwest of Lorient on
course 330°. At 1800, 8 small steamers with escort vessels were
sighted entering Dartmouth and a similar number entering Plymouth.
Southwest of Portland, there were 6 steamers sailing west preceded
by 3 minesweepers.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
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16 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
At 1600, the torpedo boats T "12", "18" and "23" left La
Pallice to bring in submarine IT "757".
Destroyers Z "23", "2li" and "32" have moved to Royan roads ready-
to support the task of the 2nd Torpedo Boat Flotilla. Five planes
of the 3rd Group, Uoth Bomber Wing will carry out armed reconnais-
sance for Group West on 17 Mar, between h° and Ui° 30 ' N to the
limit of their range. On 17 Mar., from 1230, 2-3 planes of the
3rd Squadron, 123rd Coastal Patrol Group will stand by to escort
U "757" in the Bay of Biscay.
According to order from Naval Staff, Group West has submitted a
proposal for sending out four blockade-runners. Copy as per l/Skl
I k 787/ii3 Gkdos. Chefs, with comments of Operations Division,
see War Diary, Part C, Vol. II b.
It is not planned to provide a submarine escort for PIETRO 0RSE0L0
as her speed is sufficiently high. Naval Staff proposes that, at
the latitude of point "Venezia", PIETRO 0RSE0L0 shall proceed east
and make for the rendezvous with the destroyers during the night
before X day + 3. Twenty-four hours after leaving point "Venezia",
control of PIETRO 0RSE0L0 will be taken over by Group West.
Channel Coast:
The 12th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla cleared one moored
mine and 2 EFA mines from the barrage south of 3oulogne.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
Enemy Situation:
According to radio deciphering, the trawler MORAVIA
struck a mine and sank near Harwich at 1300 on 15 Mar.
Own Situation;
At 0016, convoy 1075 was attacked by enemy PT boats in
AN 8236. The steamers MARIE, TOST and AGNETE were sunk. One PT
boat was set on fire.
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North reports that since four
steamers have already been sunk by enemy PT boats, he has ordered
that convoys will use the route between buoy L 1 and the Hook
only between OijOO and 2200, and will put into Helder or Borkum if
necessary. This will probably entail delay in convoy traffic.
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16 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Since, however, the enemy will try to make up for the obstruction
to his FT boat actions by increased air and mine offensives, Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North considers that the detachment to
the Baltic, as ordered, of the 25th Minesweeper Flotilla, of half
a motor minesweeper flotilla and of the anti-aircraft vessels "25"
and "26", in addition to the loss of six patrol boats will have
disastrous consequences. (See teletype 1312).
The units in question were withdrawn from the area
of Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic during the
winter lull in Baltic operations.
A telephone cable was cut by Dutch saboteurs near the Helder anti-
aircraft battery.
A total of twelve ELM/j mines was cleared ahead of convoys.
Otherwise escort service was carried out according to plan.
2. Norway, Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence four Russian submarines
were at sea off the north coast of Norway. Normal reconnaissance
activity over the North Sea$ little activity by the Iceland
squadrons. Our submarines report no defenses or patrol between
Iceland and the Faroes between 11 and lli Mar.
Group North's Report on the Enemy Situation No. 28 contains tne
supplementary information that the auxiliary aircraft carrier
DASHER was also assigned as escort for PO 22 or is to be used for
future escort duties between Great Britain and Murmansk. On the
subject of landings, Group North states in this report; Reports
on a large-scale action by the Western Powers to begin after the
middle of March have recently increased in number. Norway and
Jutland in addition to France and the Mediterranean are mentioned
as areas of action.
Over-all evaluation of information received leads to no definite
conclusions, especially since it is to be assumed that intelli-
gence spread by the enemy is designed to conceal his actual in-
tentions.
Own Situation;
Enemy air raids were made on Kirkenes on lh Mar. and on
Petsamo on lli and 15 Mar. without damage. Escort service was
carried out according to plan.
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16 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Command, Norway reports that the action readiness of the 28
cm battery Kiberg is reduced as, in spite of protest, Baltic
Station has detached the only battery officer who has done a long-
range artillery course.
The Naval Command's opinion would appear to be an over-statement.
Group North has no objection to the withdrawal of two heavy and
one light anti-aircraft batteries from the Aas Fiord area to Alta.
However, Group North points out that it may become necessary to
reinforce Aas Fiord if the situation should unexpectedly change.
Referring to the successful enemy PT boat action against the con-
voy on ll* Mar. and the so-far unsuccessful search for the enemy
PT boat, Naval Command, Norway emphasizes the weakness due to in-
sufficiency of escort forces. Reinforcement of the area of
Admiral, West Norwegian Coast from the area of the Naval Command
is not possible. The Naval Command therefore requests additional
assignment now of at least one motor minesweeper flotilla or one
modern minesweeper flotilla and six Fieseler Storch planes to
patrol the more remote coastal area since, with increased enemy
PT boat activity, there is a threat of our own coastal traffic
and the important spring fishing being brought to a standstill.
(See teletype 1310).
Operation "Brausewetter" ( installation of meteorological equipment
on Bear Island by weathership C03URG, escorted by submarine U
"378") is at present proceeding according to plan.
Submarines U "255", IT "622" and U "657" have entered Narvik.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The Hirtshals - Arendal patrol line is occupied by four patrol
boats, the Hanstholm gap by two patrol boats. Escort service was
hampered by fog. Sixteen vessels and three minesweeping planes
were employed on channel check sweeps in the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic. One mine was cleared off Aarhus Bay,
one west of Samsoe and one east of Anholt. In the evening, six
enemy planes passed over Central Jutland and the Kattegat to the
northeast. Mines are not suspected.
At 1622, Commander, Minelayers put to sea from Kristiansand South
with the OSTMARK, gunboat K "3" and two minesweepers for mine-
laying assignment "Klein Erna". One of the motor fishing smacks
operating for the Intelligence Service off Gothenburg was captured
within Swedish territorial waters by a Swedish patrol boat.
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16 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Admiral, Denmark reports that the ten mutineers landed in Sweden
by the Danish minesweeper SOERIDDEREN have been interned for the
time being. The Danish Government has requested extradition.
The Navy Ministry has ordered that all Danish naval cutters in
ports not under military control are to remove an essential part
of their engines and hand it over on land, (See teletype l6!i5)»
The forces of Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic are transferring in
formation from the Western Baltic to the east, Fbr details see
teletype 1035. The 1st Motor Minesweeper Flotilla swept the Polish
mine area off He la; no mines were found.
Quartermaster Division has ordered the PRINZ EUGEN to berth at
Gdynia and ADMIRAL SCHEER at Swinemuende.
Throughout the day on 15 Mar, there was lively enemy air activity
over Kronstadt Bay and heavy truck traffic between Lissi Noss and
Oranienbaum, Enemy guns at Seiskari again bombarded the Glinki
area. Our planes dropped 19 SC 50 bombs on the harbor of Lavan-
saari. Owing to strong defense no results were observed. During
the night, considerable enemy air activity was observed in the
western part of the Gulf of Finland,
On 22 Feb, Group North pointed out the need for Armed Forces High
Command and other branches of the Armed Forces to take consider-
ation of the fundamental fact that the Navy is not responsible
for operations in rivers and inland waters or in a position to
carry them out. The Navy is able only to provide assistance, for
instance, on Lake Ladoga,
Naval Staff cannot but concur in the opinion of
the Group Command that the Navy has not the forces
to perform this kind of task, desirable as it
might be. Armed Forces High Command has been re-
quested to decide in accordance with the proposal
of Group North with reference to Lake Ladoga,
V. Submarine Warfare.
1, Enemy Situation:
Moderate air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay, only
13 planes being observed. In the North Atlantic, in the area of
the convoy operations, signals from several torpedoed steamers
were intercepted. The Dutch steamer STAD HARLEM ( h,Sl 8 GRT) re-
ported that she was sinking after a heavy collision and that
there was a submarine in the vicinity. Submarine sighting reports
were picked up from Biscay, the area west- of Spain, off Pernambuco
and near Cuba.
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16 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation:
In the North Atlantic boats of Group "Raubgraf" and from
the northern section of Group "Stuermer" were sent out against a
convoy sailing on course 70° which had been detected at 0825 in
BD lU°l by submarine U "653" • Contact was made by numerous boats.
At 2200, Group DRAENGER was also ordered into action against the
convoy, which it should be able to reach by the afternoon of 17
Mar. The first report of success was made by submarine U "603"
which torpedoed one 5,000 GRT steamer at 2300 in BD 1539 and
probably scored a second hit. Other successes during the night
of 16 Mar. are reported by submarine U "1*35" which scored a "Fat"
torpedo hit on a 7,000 GRT tanker and by submarine U "91" which
sank one 10,000 GRT steamer and one 8,000 GRT steamer. Submarine
U "758" reports sinking three steamers and one tanker, totalling
25,000 GRT.
Contact with the convoy was maintained in the Azores area. Re-
ports of success have not yet been received though attacks have
been observed and reported. At noon, the convoy was in CG 6269
on course 110° and at l800 in CE 6623. The boats report that de-
fense was at times strong.
Incoming submarine U "757", which is unable to dive, and escort
submarine U "359" were attacked several times by enemy planes in
BE 92*1, but without success.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
The final report on the action against convoy No. 16 from 10 to
13 Mar., southeast of Greenland, has been given to the Naval
. Adjutant for information of the Fuehrer. Copy as per l/Skl I u
8o£/ii3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1« British Isles and Vicinity;
Our air raid on Grimsby on the night of 15 Mar., when 32
planes were over the target, is regarded as having been only
moderately successful due to poor visibility. Two planes were
lost.
During the day the 3rd Air Fbrce had 88 planes on operation in
the area around England and 5 in the Mediterranean.
In the afternoon, 15 Mosquito planes made very low altitude
- 199 - CONFIDENTIAL
16 yar. 10h3 CONFIDENTIAL
attacks on the railroad station and yards at Paderborn, causing
slight damage to houses.
During the night of 16 Mar., a total of only seven enemy in-
cursions was reported, five of them over the Baltic Sea entrances
into Poland, probably for the purpose of dropping agents. These
flights are possibly connected with the escapes from the officers '
prisoner-of-war camp near Hohensalza r?J .
2, Mediterranean Theater;
It is reported that three aerial torpedo hits were scored
on two steamers and bombs were dropped during an attack on the
enemy convoy east of Cape Misurata. On leaving, the planes observed
three steamers on fire.
3. Eastern Front;
Over the Army fronts, 65 enemy planes were shot down on
III Mar. and 56 on 15 Mar.} we lost three planes altogether.
The 5th Air Force reports that lU bombers were in action against
the town and harbor of Murmansk on the night of 15 Mar.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
A cruiser of the CAIRO class from the Mediterranean and
a convoy of 6 steamers from the Atlantic put in to Gibraltar,
One convoy of 13 steamers left for the Mediterranean and another,
consisting of 30 steamers and 1 transport with 7 escort vessels,
for the Atlantic.
No reports have been received concerning the heavy formation.
At noon, a westbound convoy was detected and attacked by one of
our submarines JUS miles west of Cape Tenes.
Submarines were sighted 16 miles southeast of Marseilles and near
Cattaro.
Photographs show 17 steamers totalling 105,000 GRT, 2 destroyers,
and some small vessels in Tripoli. The port must therefore be in
full working order. There were 2 steamers and 8 small vessels in
Tobruk. In the evening, there were 10 steamers with 10 escort
vessels on course 330°, 110 miles south-southeast of Malta.
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16 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
No sighting reports have been received from the rest of the East-
ern Mediterranean. Our reconnaissance was hampered by fighter
defense.
On 15 Mar. Liaison Officer, Rome reported that recent air re-
connaissance of the Syrian and Palestian coasts and of Cyprus has
revealed a complete absence of ships and landing craft in the
ports. The various reports of concentration of invasion craft
are thus unconfirmed and are attributed by the Liaison Officer,
Rome to enemy propaganda.
Naval Intelligence Station, Istambul reports on 16 Mar. that on
18 or 19 Mar. a convoy of 15 steamers from Egypt is expected in
Beirut and Tripoli (Syria). During the week of 7 to 12 Mar. 1*00
Liberator planes arrived in Syria.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. At noon submarine U "77" reported having torpedoed two
steamers of 2,000 - 5,000 GRT from a westbound convoy in CH 81*73.
Submarine U "1*31" sighted a submarine in CJ 7532, but her request
for permission to attack was refused as it might have been an
Italian submarine. In the Western Mediterranean four of our
submarines are on operation between CH 757U and 9276.
FT boats S "153" and S nl$kn have arrived in Bizerta. FT boats
S "156", "157" and "158" are to transfer this evening from Bizerta
to Augusta for engine overhaul. FT boats S "30" and S "59"
arrived in Naples on llj Mar. for repairs.
On the afternoon of Ik Mar., submarine chaser "2200", escorting
war transports KT "2" and KT "lli" from Palermo to Naples, attacked
a submarine, probably with success, ten miles east of Stromboli.
This would be the fourth success of 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla.
Submarine chaser "2207" had to break off her chase in the Capri
area due to breakdown of the echo-ranging set and put in to Naples.
Check sweeping of the coastal routes in the Tunis - Bizerta area
has been continued by all available boats according to plan.
3. Sea Transport Situation:
No important events.
li. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
According to an Italian report, there was an enemy subma-
rine between Rhodes and Symi at 1720.
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16 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Three Swedish supply ships left Piraeus for Canada.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance observed little shipping off Tuapse,
Gagry and Poti. Submarine U "2U" reports that no shipping has
been sighted off the Turkish Black Sea Coast.
Own Situation:
German and Italian FT boats were not on operation on
account of bad weather. For the same reason convoy traffic and
minesweeping were stopped.
Submarine U "19" has left Constantza for the operational area.
As weather conditions had not improved, there was no ferry traffic
between Kerch and Taman fish salting plant#
Limited traffic was maintained between Yenikale and Kossa Chuchkaj
830 persons, llli motorized and 61 horse-drawn vehicles, 2U0 horses,
etc. were ferried to the west.
Group South reports on the present state of naval landing craft
as follows:
In the Kerch traffic: hO naval landing craft, 17 operational,
10 only partly operational and 13 non-operational.
In Yalta: 2 naval landing craft for lumber transport.
In Sevastopol: 3 naval landing craft operational, 1 non-
operational.
In Varna: 9 out of operation, lh on the way down the Danube
to Varna to be equipped for the Black Sea. Date of operational
readiness cannot yet be estimated.
Rejection of the request for ten more naval landing craft makes
it impossible to carry out the traffic Taman, Kerch to the north-
ern shore of the Sea of Azov as planned.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
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17 Mar. 19l*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
In the session of the House of Commons on 16 Mar. , Churchill
turned down a proposal calling for the appointment of a single
Commander in Chief for all three Armed Services in Great Britain,
He declared that the successful cooperation and close liaison
between the Army and Air Force, which had been achieved in the
Middle East, should serve as an example for operations under
British command at other places.
In reply to a question, Churchill declared himself satisfied with
the present organization for combatting the submarine threat.
Other questions were asked in regard to Spanish oil imports from
America.
In commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the death of Karl Marx,
many communist mass meetings were held last Sunday in Great Britain,
especially in London.
In spite of incessant pressure from the British communist party,
the Labor Party has steadfastly refused to admit it into its ranks.
According to Reuter, a conference on submarine defense has been
held between the U.S.A., Great 3ritain and Canada. In connection
with the question of a second front in Europe and the keeping open
of the North Atlantic lines of communication, this conference is
considered as being of the greatest importance.
From various sources it is reported that Eden is trying to bring
about a Four Power Pact between Great Britain, the U.S.A., the
U.S.S.P. and China, to be known as the "Charter of Nations."
North Africa;
Giraud has ordered that all busts and portraits of Petain are to
be removed. All decrees are now issued only in the name of the
French Republic. Giraud has invited de Gaulle to a discussion.
Radio Algiers broadcast a bitter attack on Admiral Robert in
Martinique because of his pro-German attitude.
U.S.A.;
Simultaneously with Eden's discussions with Hull, four prominent
senators put forward a five-point program for the post-war policy
of the U.S.A., and proposed an immediate conference of the United
Nations. This step is evidently intended to prevent the Senate
from sabotaging the Government's post-war policy as it did after
World War I.
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17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Australia;
According to Reuter, the Prime Minister has stated that no pro-
posals have been made to him on the subject of U.S. bases in
Australia,
Turkey;
At Mersina, 788 German and Italian military personnel and 75
civilians, who had fallen into British hands in Saudi Arabia,
were exchanged through the intermediary of the Turkish crescent
(equivalent of Red Cross, Tr. N. ) against British merchant officers.
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
No special reports or decisions.
Situation 17 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation;
The REGENSBTTRG and the KARIN received orders by radiogram
220h that the rendezvous will be at l600 mean local time.
By radiogram 0037, Naval Staff has transmitted to Ship "28" the
awarding of war decorations (German Cross in gold to five officers.)
The DOGGERBANK has received the following orders by radiogram
0126 in special code "Doggerbank" ;
1.) If, due to the local situation, a break through to the north
from the neutral route appears impossible, the only thing to do
will be to put in to a Spanish port as, in a Portuguese port,
neither ship nor cargo could be touched by Germany until the end
of the war. It might perhaps be possible to get the cargo away
from a Spanish port. If it is impossible to reach a port in
northwest Spain, the emergency solution of making for the Bay of
Cadiz, in spite of enemy patrols on the approach to Gibraltar,
might offer some prospects.
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17 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
2.) In neutral harbors, the ship should appear as a normal
merchant vessel but in no case as an auxiliary warship. Aux-
iliary warships are required to leave port within 2li hours or
be interned,
3.) If captured by the enemy on the high seas, DOGGERBANK will
remain as an auxiliary warship, in order to avoid the enemy
treating the crew as pirates when the Capetown operation becomes
known*
The DOGGERBANK has also received the weather report for 17 Mar.
by radiogram 1117 and information as to the convoy situation on
lli and 16 Mar. by radiogram 1731. Naval Staff understands that
the convoys that left Gibraltar on lli and 16 Mar. will separate
into sections for Great Britain and for the U.S.A. The sections
for England will presumably pass 38° N on about 15° W on 17 and
19 Mar.; the U. S. sections will sail west on either 3h° or 30°
31° N and will pass the longitude of Madeira on 18 and 20 Mar.
The convoy reported on 12 Mar. will be at 38°50 ■ N, 23° W on the
morning of 17 Mar. The Gibraltar convoy was at 52°20' N, 13° W
on the morning of 17 Mar. and according to dead reckoning, will
pass 1*0° N on 21 Mar., sailing south.
The DOGGERBANK has been further informed, by radiogram 1715, that
our submarines have successfully attacked a slow convoy en route
to Gibraltar which was l60 miles east-northeast of Sao Miguel on
17 Mar. According to previous experience, enemy reconnaissance
behind the convoy for the rescue of survivors and the protection
of stragglers will be especially intense. DOGGERBANK has there-
fore been ordered not to pass the action area before 20 Mar, and,
if necessary, to stand on and off and wait throughout the nights
of 17 and 18 Mar.
All vessels in foreign waters were advised by radiogram 2355 that,
according to dead reckoning, an enemy convoy will be at 20°30' N,
37°30' W on course to Trinidad on the morning of 17 Mar.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, there was a hospital
ship about 200 miles west-southwest of Finisterre on southerly
course at 1500. South thereof two destroyers were sighted at
llihO, also on a southerly course.
According to radio intelligence, there was lively minesweeping
activity on lU Mar. in the sea area of Harwich and some mines
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17 Mar. 19u3 CONFIDENTIAL
were cleared. Twenty-eight survivors were saved when the mine-
sweeper MORAVIA was sunk on lii Mar. The scheduled fast convoy
RESSATJLT entered the Thames on the same day eight hours late.
These results are without a doubt due to the 3rd Air Force's
mining operations on 13 Mar.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast t
No enemy forces were sighted during long-range reconnais-
sance on 16 Mar, In BE 9^91 a Boeing Fortress was unsuccessfully
engaged. Protective reconnaissance by twelve JU 88 planes in the
Bay of Biscay was also unsuccessful.
Channel Coast;
At 1910 on 17 Mar., motor minesweepers R "177" and R MU0M
struck mines four miles southwest of Boulogne. The bow of R MU0,f
was torn off. There were few casualties. Both vessels were under-
slung and brought in. Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West suspects
mines Mark XIX with grass line. (A special device against our
shallow-draught vessels, by which the underneath mines are de-
tonated by means of the line floating at the level of the pro-
peller.) The mines were probably dropped by the formation located
at 1659 from Le Touquet in BF 3532 on course northeast. After
1802, Gris Nez located several enemy targets near Ramsgate on
course 288°.
Commander, FT Boats reports on the operational readiness of the
PT boat forces in the west area as follows:
1.) Of four PT boat flotillas with a standard strength of hO
vessels, only lii boats are at present operational, the other
boats having been lost or suffered damage in action or otherwise.
2.) A gradual addition of 18 new or repaired boats is expected
by 15 April. In the same period, we must reckon with a reduction
in currently operational boats which, from the experience of
recent months, may be considerable.
3») The announced withdrawal of six boats for a foreign power as
well as the reinforcement of the 1st PT Boat Flotilla in the
southeast area will again be made at the expense of the west area
flotillas and will involve s great aggravation of the present
catastrophic situation of operational readiness.
As notification has been issued that the need to effect this trans-
fer cannot be avoided, it is requested that withdrawal of the 8th
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17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
PT Boat Flotilla from the northern area as soon as possible to
reinforce the west area be investigated*
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters*
1. North Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence. ML "102" sighted our
formation off Ijrauiden on the night of 17 Mar. ML "102" was
probably in company with ML "105" and MTB "3b" • MOB "85" reported
engine trouble US miles west-southwest of Helder. PT boats were
detected south of Ijmuiden making off westward. During the night
of 16 Mar. unidentified targets were detected two miles off the
coast between the Hook of Holland and Scheveningen on north-north-
easterly course at a speed of 30 knots.
Own Situation:
For detailed report of Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
North on the sinking of the steamers AGNETE and TOFT and the set-
ting on fire of an enemy PT boat, see "Daily Situation". Complete
destruction of the PT boat was not carried through, as further
attacks on our convoy were anticipated. (See teletype 0855) •
Altogether 15 ELM/j mines were cleared by minesweepers and patrol
boats between Ijmuiden and Langeoog.
At 1320 on 16 Mar. the German motorship DOROTHEA ( 119 GRT) was
sunk by a mine in the Elbe estuary.
The Elbe - Hook convoy entered Helder during darkness. Otherwise,
escort and patrol service was carried out according to plan.
2. Norway, Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, there were four Russian
submarines in the area of the Norwegian Arctic coast. One subma-
rine entered Polarnoye and two carried out trials at sea. Later,
one of these put out into the Barents Sea.
Our air reconnaissance on 16 Mar. of the Jan Mayen area, the west-
ern Skagerrak and the inshore waters of the Norwegian west coast
produced no results. Photographic reconnaissance of Scapa had to
be discontinued on account of bad weather.
- 207 - CONFIDENTIAL
17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL-
A press correspondent of a Swedish paper reports from New York
that the whole German Fleet, including the TIRPITZ, GNEISENAU,
SCHARNHORST and two aircraft carriers, is now assembling in north-
ern Norway, The plan is said to be to attack Allied sea routes
in the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean and also to forestall
any attempt by the Allies to establish a second front in Scandi-
navia.
"It is believed that Doenitz intends to have a naval force in
these waters strong enough to face the British Home Fleet. The
SCHARNHORST and the GNEISENAU have been extensively converted
since they escaped from France. Their eleven-inch guns have
been replaced by twelve-inch guns. Admiral Kumetz will probably
command the Fleet under Admiral Ciliax as Commander in Chief."
Own Situation;
On 16 Mar., five enemy planes were reported in the area
of Petsamo. No attacks were made. On the same day at 1300 our
eastbound convoy was attacked off Festerneset (AC 81*13) by enemy
planes which dropped seven aerial torpedoes, all of which missed
the targets. At l5Ui on 16 Mar., the steamer JOHANNISBERGER was
attacked by a submarine south of Kyberg. The steamer sank off
Varanger Fiord at 1935» The crew was rescued. At 1700, a subma-
rine alarm was reported off Sylte Fiord. At 2lii5 submarine chase
was discontinued because of a snowstorm and because the hydrophone
gave no results. At 0725 on 17 Mar. the eastbound convoy was at-
tacked by a submarine near Nordkynj five torpedoes were fired and
missed the targets.
Escort service was otherwise carried out according to plan.
Minelaying operation "Klein Erna" was discontinued due to heavy
fog and one boat breaking down.
Group North sees no possibility of assigning further escort forces
to Naval Command, Norway. In view of the enemy situation off the
Dutch coast, and having given up several flotillas to Commander,
Minesweepers, Baltic, further weakening of the forces of Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North cannot be tolerated. In ac-
cordance with Naval Staff's orders, the 9th and 30th Minesweeper
Flotillas, which will be established at the end of March, are to
be additionally assigned to Naval Command, Norway. Group North
supports the request for six Fieseler Storch planes. (See tele-
type 18U7).
The telephone conversation between Commanding Admiral, Group North
and Chief of Staff, Naval Staff in regard to the transfer of naval
forces to Alta Fiord has been confirmed by teletype l/Skl I a
B12/I43 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
- 208 - CONFIDENTIAL
17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
After agreement by telephone between Commanding Admiral, Group
North and Chief of Staff, Naval Staff in regard to NUERNBERG and
LUETZCW, Group North has been informed as follows ( copy to the
Fleet) :
1.) Subject to the final decision of Commander in Chief, Navy,
which is expected at the beginning of next week, the NUERNBERG
must be available for use as a training ship on 1 July, which
means that she must return during the first half of June at the
latest. Transfer in April had been ordered from here with a view
to the season, in order to avoid endangering the ship unneces-
sarily by having her return in the lightest month. In any case,
the Group considered it inappropriate to employ the light cruisers.
Submit views at once on the question of NUERNBERG'S transfer in
June in view of the short nights.
2.) The decision on LUETZCW will probably not be made before the
end of March.
Copy as per teletype l/Skl I a 813A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C d.
Admiral, Northern Waters reports no special events. Six subma-
rines have been ordered to occupy attack areas in AB 63 > 66 and 69.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The Skagerrak was patrolled throughout the day by four boats.
During the night, the boats were engaged in escort service.
Channel sweeping and escort service were carried out according
to plan.
A ground mine was cleared off Gdynia. There was brisk enemy air
activity against coastal positions in the area of Admiral, Baltic
States. Our planes again attacked Lavansaari with 19 SC 50 bombs.
Due to defense, no results were observed.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Lively air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay, 38 planes
being observed. Several submarine sighting reports were made by
planes in the areas of the convoy operation.
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17 Mar. 1<5U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation:
Groups "Raubgraf" and "Stuermer" continued to maintain
contact with the convoy in the central North Atlantic. It is
possible that the enemy force has split up or that two different
convoys are concerned, as the contact reports came from a north-
erly and from a southerly area. Further gratifying successes
were reported concerning altogether eight vessels for Ul,500 GRT,
including four damaged ships which had already been reported as
torpedoed. These successes are due to submarines U "1435" > U
"600", u "91", U "38ii", U "603", U "665", U "228", U "6l6» and
U "338". According to original reports the convoy consisted of
at least iiO vessels. Its escort has been reported several times
to be weak.
Contact was maintained with the convoy in the Azores area. The
enemy brought up air escort which made the operation more diffi-
cult. Six more ships for a total of ii5,000 GRT have been sunk
from this convoy. This success is due to submarines U "172", U
"167" and U "103". During the night of 17 Mar. contact was lost.
The enemy defense was strong. Operations are being continued.
No action reports have been received from the other submarines in
the North Atlantic or those in the South Atlantic.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
U "531" has been assigned to lay weather buoys and will leave
Kiel on about 1 Apr.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinityt
The 3rd Air Force had 36 planes out on operation in the
west area and 15 in the Mediterranean.
Eighty miles north-northwest of Texel a JU 88 forced a Danish
radio-equipped fishing cutter to turn about. The 3rd Group, UOth
Bomber Wing plans to send out six planes on 18 Mar. for armed re-
connaissance between IjO0 and h$° N to the range limit.
During the day on 17 Mar. eight Blenheim planes flew over Nor-
wegian coastal territory southwest of Stavanger. No attacks have
been reported. Our fighters made no contacts. During the night
of 17 Mar., only five incursions were made into Western France,
- 210 - CONFIDENTIAL
17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
without attacks. Our own planes flew no night missions. Com-
mander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff, is of the opinion
that the enemy has suspended raids during the bright moon period
in order to avoid successful night fighter action. Our own Air
Force will also avoid moonlight nights.
It may also be possible that the enemy is holding
back in order to keep the Air Force at readiness
for a major operation.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
A delayed report states that a 10,000 GRT steamer was
sunk west of Algiers on the night of 13 Mar. by one of our planes
which made an emergency landing on the water off the Spanish
coast. On 17 Mar. our Air Force was actively engaged on the
southern Tunisian front against assemblies of troops and vehicles.
Strong forces flew seven sorties for the escort of convoy TOMASEO.
A low-level attack on this convoy by twelve enemy planes was
beaten off by our fighters. Four of the attackers were shot down.
The convoy was undamaged.
3» Eastern Front t
On 16 Mar., hh enemy planes were reported shot down over
the Army fronts. Reconnaissance was flown in the Black Sea and
the Caspian Sea. For reports see "Daily Situation."
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
The convoy which left Gibraltar for the Atlantic on 16
Mar. consisted of 33 steamers, 1 transport and 7 escort vessels.
The CAIRO class cruiser which entered Gibraltar from the Mediter-
ranean on the same day left in the course of the day to the east.
At noon on 17 Mar., the MALAYA with three destroyers put in to
Gibraltar from the Atlantic. This battleship was formerly at-
tached to the Gibraltar Station and has now obviously returned
after repair and overhaul.
Only slight convoy traffic was detected off the Algerian coast.
At lOUO an eastbound convoy of 11 - 15 steamers was sighted by
one of our submarines in CH 7686. This was evidently the form-
ation which left Gibraltar on the forenoon of 16 Mar.
Submarines were sighted north of Cape San Vito and south of Capri.
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17 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
No further reports have been received on the convoy of 10 vessels
with 10 escorts which was 135 miles northeast of Tripoli making
for Malta on the evening of 16 Mar. No reconnaissance has been
made of Malta to establish the whereabouts of these vessels.
No sightings were made during a reconnaissance of coastal waters
between Derna and Solium, which however, was not exhaustive.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
No action reports have been received from our submarines.
FT boat S "57" will transfer from Empedocle to Bizerta during the
night of 17 Mar. Motor minesweepers R "12" and R "13", towed by
an Italian steamer, left Palermo for Naples. Submarine chasers
"2201" to "220ii" left Messina for submarine chase in the Straits
of Messina. Minesweeper M "6022" is en route to Trapani and mine-
sweeper M "602h" is en route to Gaeta. The minesweeper group
"Tunis" checked the convoy routes off the coast without finding
mines. Six auxiliary motor minesweepers are in Trapani preparing
to transfer.
With reference to the FT boat engagement on 12 Mar., German Naval
Command, Italy reports that prisoners' statements confirm the be-
lief that, besides the destroyer LIGHTNING torpedoed by S "158",
a cruiser was torpedoed by S "156". This belief is further con-
firmed by air reconnaissance of Bone at noon on 13 Mar., which
reported only one destroyer. In addition, two cruisers and two
destroyers were reported by air reconnaissance on westerly course
north of Bougaroni. Unfortunately their speed was not given. It
is quite possible that they included a damaged cruiser. (See
teletype 2015).
The dependent mine barrages off the south and north entrances of
Marseilles are reported to be ready for operation.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
War transports KT "5" and KT "6" entered Tunis on the
evening of 16 Mar. On the morning of 17 Mar., two destroyers
landed German troops in Tunis from Palermo. At noon, nine naval
landing craft from Trapani entered Bizerta. On 16 Mar., two
Siebel ferries were sunk by enemy air attack en route from Marsala
to Tunis. On 17 Mar., the small vessel traffic from Sicily to
Tunisia was carried out according to plan.
lu Area Naval Group South t
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17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Aegean Seat
Nothing special to report.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there was rather active
convoy traffic off the east coast. Off Ghelenjik and Tuapse and
in Sukhum, as well as south of Gagry, a total of five escorted
merchant vessels was observed. According to an intelligence re-
port, 3U fast landing craft, 5 torpedo boats, 3 tankers, h subma-
rines, 2 destroyers and h transports with landing troops were
under way from Batum to Tuapse in the afternoon. A landing on the
Taman peninsula or the Crimea is allegedly in view. Naval Staff
informed Group South and Admiral, Black Sea by teletype.
Own Situation:
While on a submarine chase south of Tars hanskut ski, Ship
"19" was attacked by an enemy submarine with two torpedoes which
missed. Anti-submarine action was made difficult by heavy seas
and trouble with the location gear.
During the night of 17 Mar., the 1st FT Boat Flotilla will have
two boats in operation northwest and two southeast of Tuapse and
two Italian FT boats each off Myschako and Ghelenjik.
Following an improvement in the weather, ferry traffic from Kerch
to the fish salting plant was fully resumed. On account of rough
sea, mooring at Taman and at the fish salting plant was possible
only with the aid of tugs. Traffic to Kossa Chuchka is still
greatly hampered by drift ice. Enemy air activity was brisk.
Mooring places and single vessels making the crossing were bombed
and machine-gunned. One plane was certainly shot down and another
one probably. It is also possible that aerial mines were dropped.
One mine was cleared by a plane. About 3>000 persons, 1,107
horses, 8£0 motorized and 323 horse-drawn vehicles were trans-
ferred to the west.
Three naval landing craft put to sea from Kerch for the 8th Anapa
transport.
Naval Staff has replied in teletype l/Skl I m 7922/1*3 Gkdos. .to
the inquiry of Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy,
as to the extent to which troop evacuation from the Taman-Kerch
area to the north coast of the Sea of Azov can be undertaken
- 213 - CONFIDENTIAL
17 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
immediately after the ice* breaks up and without impairing the
ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch and supplies to the
Crimea by sea from the west. For copy of teletype see War Diary,
Part C, Vol. XIV. a.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
According to an Allied report, three Japanese transports were at-
tacked near the Aru Islands by Allied planes. The U.S.A. Navy
Department states that U.S. submarines have sunk four vessels in
the Pacific and damaged three others.
- 2lh - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar, 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
In the House of Commons on 17 Mar., Churchill confirmed the de-
claration made by the Colonial Secretary on 5 Mar, and remarked
that the Government was convinced that Great Britain must remain
solely responsible for the administration of the British colonies.
In addition, Churchill expressed the Government 's lively satis-
faction at Giraud's speech, particularly his refusal to recognize
the 19 hO Armistice treaty and his rejection of the authority of
Vichy, It appeared that now no fundamental questions any longer
divided the two French groups. The U,S, State Department has
officially announced the U,S, Government's full agreement with
Churchill's statement,
Spain:
At the opening of the Cortes, Franco turned his attack openly
against the Bolshevist threat to Europe which is just now so
serious.
According to a diplomatic report, Sumner Welles claims that when
the American guarantee was given in November 19^2, the Spanish
Government had offered an unqualified assurance that it would
continue its policy of neutrality and would defend itself against
any armed aggression. On the other hand, Foreign Minister Jordana
states that no such Spanish assurance had ever been requested or
given.
Turkey;
In the course of a lengthy speech before the National Assembly,
the Prime Minister made the following remarks on foreign policy:
"We have ordered our relations with allied and friendly
countries within the framework of existing treaties. Special
reference is made to the Anglo-Turkish alliance. Since the Adana
conference, we have come to know and like Churchill still better^
everywhere we have found the outstretched hands of British states-
men with Churchill at their head. It is our conviction that
Anglo-Turkish friendship is not dictated by military interests
alone. It has been born of the vital needs of both powers,"
According to the text of the report received - so
far, however, only from a British source - neither
Turkish-German nor Turkish-Russian relations were
dealt with in the speech.
- 215 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
I. Report of Chief, Fleet Branch, Quart ermaster Division;
a.) According to telephonic advice from Rear Admiral Machens,
the Italians will turn over to us 3 ex- French torpedo boats from
3izerta, now at Spezia (these are probably BOMBARDE, LA POMONE,
and L'IPHIGENIE) as well as 1 gunboat ( YSER) which, however, is
not yet operational and 2 more torpedo boats in Toulon ( LA BAYON-
NAISE, BALISTE) which are to be raised.
The Italians will retain the despatch boats from Bizerta and four
-inesweepers from Toulon.
Quartermaster Division has issued preliminary orders.
b.) A reconnaissance of the route to be used for the transfer
of large motor minesweepers and other boats to the Mediterranean
has shown that it will be usable in four to six weeks. Naval
( Ship) Construction Division believes that, besides the motor mine-
sweepers, it will be possible to transfer up to 25 naval landing
craft a month, after further possibilities of using Kuhlmeyer
wagons, etc. have been ascertained with the State Railroad,
It remains to decide whether, in addition to those scheduled
(lying in Hamburg), six more should now be disassembled for
transfer by rail.
Further steps will be taken by Quartermaster Division.
II. The Naval Attache reports that the Swedish Government is to
sound out the Foreign Office in regard to reopening the Gothenburg
traffic.
The matter is already under discussion between Operations Division
and the Foreign Office. Further details are contained in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
III. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division reports that an attempt
is being made to establish a volunteer legion of British prisoners
of war, evidently to fight Bolshevist Russia. Further details are
not yet known.
IV. Chief of Staff, Naval Staff has protested against the prema-
ture dissemination abroad by "Transocean" of a special communique
on the sinking of 92,000 GRT of shipping. The matter will be
further investigated by Commander in Chief, Navy, Administrative
Staff. The figure mentioned can only have been obtained from the
Armed Fbrces High Command Situation Report and indeed, most proba-
bly from Fuehrer Headquarters.
- 216 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff and accompanying officers, left Rome
at 0800 for the Fuehrer Headquarters to report to the Fuehrer on
the results of the Rome talks. He returned to Berlin in the
evening.
Special Items.
I. Group North has advised Admiral, Northern Waters, and the
5th Air Force, with copy to Naval Staff and Naval Command, in
regard to the bringing in of the blockade runners through the
northern passage. The Group's operational orders for bringing
in the HEGENSBURG and the KARIN were enclosed with the note.
This procedure does not conform with the Fuehrer's basic orders
on security. The operational orders contain plans and orders for
sea areas in which the addressees have no concern. Naval Staff
has therefore ordered Group North to take immediate steps to see
that the operational orders are communicated exclusively to the
Admirals and Chiefs of Staf** of the Commands concerned and are
destroyed after preparation of essential working extracts. Copy
of the teletype as per l/Skl 799 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. II a.
II. According to a report from the Naval Ordnance Division,
Torpedo Branch, Commander in Chief, Air Force and the Reich Air
Minister have promised the immediate delivery of 1*0 F 5 b tor-
pedoes for use on light FT boats.
III. In compliance with the Fuehrer's order on the expansion of
defenses in Norway and the west area, similar to the West Wall,
Quartermaster Division has made available eight more triple-mount
torpedo tube units for the purpose of setting up torpedo batteries.
Due to the varying nature of the coast, a uniform type of torpedo
battery is out of the question. The following are possibilities:
a.) Ideal battery installed in rock caves.
b.) Torpedo batteries under cover of shelters - only in
urgent exceptions.
c.) Camouflaged position.
d.) Mobile or floating battery.
<*.) Single firing tubes to be sunk down.
- 217 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. I0L3
CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has requested Group West, Naval Command, Norway, North
Sea and Baltic Stations (with copy to Group North) to make another
exhaustive examination of conditions in the individual areas and
the local circumstances regarding number, position and type of
construction of the batteries still considered necessary.
IV. Enemy Situation Report No. 6/li3 by Naval Intelligence Di-
vision was submitted to Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff on 15 Mar. Copy as per l/Skl 8009 /h3 Gkdos. in War Diary,
File "Reports on Enemy Situation, Naval Intelligence Division."
The overall situation is assessed as follows:
"Reports that large-scale actions by the Western Powers are
to begin in mid-March have recently increased. France and the
Western Mediterranean are mainly mentioned as zones of operation.
Direct observations indicate no definite preparations out of
the ordinary. In Algerian ports there are landing craft and about
one million GRT of shipping, part of which it might be planned to
put into action. Active preparations for the speedy commitment
of troops from the British Isles are reported.
Overall evaluation of intelligence received leads to no de-
finite conclusions. It is assumed that reports are put out by
the enemy in order to camouflage real intentions in regard to
definite actions. In any case, in view of the season and the
general war situation, new operations may be expected in the near
future and may take the form of surprise attacks also on areas
other than those mentioned or at different points simultaneously.
The mopping-up of Tunisia must not be regarded as a prerequisite
for further actions in the Mediterranean,"
V, A summary of intelligence on the enemy acquired by radio de-
ciphering and radio intelligence between B and lii Mar. is con-
tained in Special Radio Monitoring Report No. Il/Ii3«
Notes: In mid-March there were in the Atlantic:
On the northern route
eastbound
westbound
h convoys
5 convoys
In the central Atlantic
eastbound
westbound
2 convoys
1 convoy
On the northern route
northbound
southbound
2 convoys
2 convovs
The heavy task force from Gibraltar is believed to be in Oran,
- 218 -
CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Most valuable sailing instructions for convoys HX 229, UGS 6 and
UGF 6 were intercepted in time for purposes of submarine attack,
Fbr route chart see Appendix 6.
Appendix 5 gives a survey of Russian submarine movements in north-
ern waters detected by radio intelligence from 1 to 28 Feb.
Situation 18 Mar.
I. War in Fbreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
North Atlantic;
According to an intelligence report from Spain, an im-
portant diplomatic source received information from the U.S.A. on
the afternoon of 17 Mar., that a convoy, the size of which is
still unknown, left there on lli Mar. Escort consists of 22 large
vessels. The composition of the convoy is said to be indicative
of landing operations. The diplomatic recipient in Madrid for-
warded the information to his opposite number in Lisbon for
thorough investigation. Checking by our Intelligence Service is
not possible.
According to a U.S. agent's report of h Mar., 60,000 - 70,000
troops were again concentrated in February, as in January, at
embarkation points in the area of North Carolina (Wilmington) and
in and around Aberdeen, Baltimore and St. Julians Creek. It is
allegedly certain that a whole armored corps, including seven
motorized divisions, is to be shipped. The assembly of formations,
which have previously been embarked singly, is no longer to be
done overseas but in the U.S.A. The earliest embarkation date is
said to be the third week in March.
South Atlantic;
According to reports from Lourenco Marques, a convoy of
twelve steamers carrying planes and bombs, some consigned to
China, left Capetown on 8 Mar. in the direction of India. Another
convoy is to leave Capetown on 2$ Mar. taking planes and pilots to
Haifa,
It is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain intelligence from
South Africa due to the Allies ' intensive "Careless talk about
ships costs lives" campaign.
Indian Ocean;
- 219 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 10li3 CONFIDENTIAL
On 16 Fe:., a large convoy with troop transports was re-
ported off Lourenco Marques. On 15 Feb. the cruiser ORION was
reported in ":or.bay, and several convoy escort vessels in Ceylon,
Cn 1° Feb., the U.S. cruiser DETROIT was in Calcutta; two mine-
sweeper flotillas have been in Trichnopoli since 9 Feb.
According to Foreign Office information from Lourenco Marques,
two British and one Norwegian steamers have been sunk in the last
ten days between Capetown and Durban. It is rumored that the
Allies intend to occudv Lourenco Maraues if the sinkings continue
in this area. Numerous ships with provisions are allegedly bound
for Spain and Turkish ports where an action is said to be imminent.
2. Own Situation:
Naval Staff has transmitted to DOGGERBANK:
a.) by radiogram 122U, weather forecast for 1# Mar.
b.) by radiogram 15^6, position of the convoy as
in radiogram 1715 of 17 Mar. : on the morning of 18 Mar. it was
at 38° N, 10° If, making for Gibraltar.
c.) by radiogram l65Spos3,n<">ns of neutrals at
21*00 CET, 16 Mar.
The REGENS?URG and KARIN have been informed ( in joint special
code) by radiogram 175° that the meteorologist for REGENSBURG
could not be provided in time. The submarine is carrying only
operational orders and charts. The submarine assigned to meet
the KARIN has a meteorologist on board.
All vessels in foreign waters have been advised of the route of
the steamer HAP?ERTON by radiogram 1002, The steamer left Cape-
town on 5 Feb, and was to coal in Rio on 21 Feb., after which she
was to sail for England,
At the request of Naval Staff, the Naval Attache, Tokyo reports
on the physical condition of the Commander of Ship "2°" as follows:
1.) Ruckteschell has requested relief. His health is obvi-
ously impaired and he had several breakdowns during the voyage
due to intestine trouble so that temporary delegation of command
was necessary. The ship's surgeon attributes his condition to
overwrought nerves. Fbr restoration of his health extended leave
will be necessary.
2.) I propose that command of the MICHEL ( Ship "2?") be
given to Gumprich, and R. placed at the disposal of the Naval
Attache. Change of command on 23 Mar.
- 220 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
3») Resignation grieves R. very much, I suggest telegram of
consolation from Commander in Chief, Navy, upon change of command.
Chief, Naval Staff approves the suggestion.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to report of the Intelligence Station at Angers
of 18 Mar., an agent of the Vichy Government has learned from a
special commissioner of the secret Post and Telegram Service, that
the British Fleet left Scapa Flow on 10 Mar. in order to join up
with American and de Gaulle vessels. Informed military circles
in Vichy expect an Anglo-American landing in Spain and Portugal
among other places on 26 Mar. Neither the Spanish nor Portuguese
government can be counted on to offer serious resistance.
At 1330, our air reconnaissance sighted one destroyer on course
210° about 600 miles west -northwest of Finisterre and at 1200 and
11*00, two submarine chasers of about 600 tons, one 2U0 miles west
and the other 2U0 miles west-southwest of Finisterre on course
10° and 330° respectively. Both of them were attacked without
results being observed.
2. Own Situationt
Atlantic Coast:
On 17 Mar. one ELM/j mine was cleared off Brest. On the
evening of 16 Mar. the torpedo boats put in with submarine U "757".
At the same time the 8th Destroyer Flotilla returned to Bordeaux.
Operations Division has decided, at the request of Naval (Ship)
Construction Division, that the hitherto required repair capacity
for heavy vessels in Brest need not be maintained. The capacity
for destroyers and torpedo boats must be maintained to the same
extent as hitherto.
Channel Coast:
Transfer of destroyer Z "37" (after changing propellors)
to Bordeaux and of torpedo boats T "2" and T "5" to La Pallice
and Brest respectively, is planned for the night of 18 Mar.
In regard to the mine damage to motor minesweepers R "UO" and
R "177" on 17 Mar., Commander, 12th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla
reports that the behavior of commanders and crews of the damaged
- 221 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL-
boats was outstanding and that the motor minesweepers were inde-
structible. Operations will for the most part only be possible
now in calm sea in order to bring in the damaged boats. (See
teletype 18U5).
In riew of the heavy losses of FT boats in the Channel, the Fleet
Command requests that the question of delivering six PT boats to
a foreign power be re-examined. The Fleet considers that the 8th
FT Boat Flotilla would be more usefully employed in the Channel
than if it were left in the northern area for defense tasks, es-
pecially during the summer, and urges that the Flotilla be with-
drawn about the end of April. (See teletype 1700).
Five boats of the 2nd PT Boat Flotilla and S "112'' transferred
from Ijmuiden to Ostendj S "91" and S "39" transferred from
Boulogne to Cherbourg.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance reported; At 0620, southeast of
Harwich, 15 to 20 steamers stationary; at Lh30, 19 steamers
entering the Thames; at lli36, northeast of Harwich, 23 steamers
of up to approximately h,000 GRT and several others of up to
10,000 GRT on course northeast. At llil5> 6 destroyers, 1 tanker
(10,000 GRT), 18 minesweepers, 30 harbor and coastal vessels and
numerous smaller vessels were observed in the mouth of the Stour.
Own Situation;
Seventeen ELK/j mines were cleared between Ijmuiden and
Juist by a minesweeper flotilla, a minesweeping plane, mine-ex-
ploding vessels and escorts. The 9th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla
and the 32nd Minesweeper Flotilla discontinued their operations
on account of the weather. Mine-exploding vessel nliip)" and two
boats of the 2*Hh Minesweeper Flotilla will transfer on 19 Mar,
to Kiel. Escort service was carried out according to plan.
From lh20, 70-90 four-engined U.S. planes entered the Bremen area
flying towards Heligoland, Cuxhaven. Main target of attack was
the Vulkan shipyard at Vegesack. Up to the present, six planes
are reported to have been shot down by our fighters. The power
station was destroyed and the model joinery and one assembly shop
heavily damaged; the foundry was slightly damaged. One submarine
- 222 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
capsized on the slipway. Thirteen others were undamaged. The
Schwerdt - Dordenflath yard was Q0% destroyed. For further damage
see "Daily Situation of the Air Force General Staff."
2. Norway / Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence one of the four Russian
submarines operating off the Norwegian Arctic coast is returning
to Polarnoye. In the area of Kola Bay and the Rybachi Peninsula
there were FT boats and other small vessels at seaf probably on
exercises. Five ice-breakers were operating in the area White
Sea - Gorlo Strait. One British vessel was detected in the
Murmansk area.
Lively radio telephony traffic has been observed in the Firth of
Forth, since the morning of 18 Mar. Many reports of incoming and
outgoing vessels were heard; it was evidently foggy.
According to visual reconnaissance on 17 Mar., the number of
vessels in Scapa Flow was unchanged from 12 Mar.
According to Foreign Office information from Stockholm, it is re-
ported that a convoy of unknown strength is sailing from Canada
to Iceland and Russia on 17 Mar. According to a report from
Portugal, the departure of a PQ convoy from Belfast is being
prepared for 20 Mar.
The Intelligence Service reports via Spain, from a diplomatic
source in Aberdeen as of 28 Feb., the concentration of invasion
troops at places on the east and north coasts of Scotland for
operations in Norway. Scottish, U.S., Canadian and New Zealand
formations of all services are involved. A military air base
with eight hangars has been established at Macduff west of Fraser-
burgh. Submarine-chasers are stationed in the harbors of Cromarty
and Dornoch on the Moray Firth. Both places are fortified with
anti-aircraft batteries.
Own Situation;
On 17 Mar. two enemy planes flew into the Petsamo area
but did not attack. On the afternoon of the same day, eight
British bombers were reported near Stavanger.
Escort service has been carried out according to plan. On 17 Mar.
the STEINBRINCK entered Bogen Bay on schedule.
A net barrage has been laid in each of the passages west and east
of Flatoey.
- 223 - CONFIDENTIAL
13 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL"
Valuable secret material has been captured from the British PT
boat "631" salvaged near Floroe. According to a preliminary
report from Admiral, West Norwegian Coast, it contains recognition
signals and signals data, tactical orders for FT boats and de-
tailed charts on hiding places and approach routes. Entries in
the log book and on the charts furnish valuable information on the
organisation of enemy PT boat raids. Further evaluation is being
made, (See teletype 1815),
Minelaying assignment "Klein ErnaM has been resumed.
After escorting weather ship COBURG as far as the ice boundary
for operation "Brauswetter", submarine U "378 *• has now left.
IV, Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea,
The Arendal - Hirtshals patrol line is occupied by two boats, the
Hanstholm gap by one. Escort service in the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic was carried out according to plan.
Group North has placed mine-exploding vessel wlii8" of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, North at the disposal of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, Baltic, all of whose mine-exploding vessels are at
present non-operational.
The Finnish steamer TAURIS was damaged by a mine ten miles north
of Prerov and towed in to Warnemuende, Part of the 1st Motor
Minesweeper Flotilla is employed on clearing the "Wartburg" bar-
rage.
The situation in Kronstadt Bay is unchanged. Leave steamer MUERO
ran aground near Hangoe and was towed in there with heavy damage
to the bottom.
V, Submarine Warfare,
1, Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay, was very active,
55 planes being detected, A submarine warning was issued 61*0
miles northwest of Mossamedes, evidently due to the appearance of
an Italian submarine,
2. Own Situation;
Radio deciphering has revealed that the convoy sections
engaged in the North Atlantic by Groups "Raubgraf" and "Stuermer"
- 22U - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
were two different conveys, an SC and an HX convoy. In spite of
heavy long-range and close escort and air cover, three vessels
totalling 20,738 GRT were sunk from the two convoys. The success-
ful submarines were U "221", U "305" and U "338". The operation
will be continued until the afternoon of 19 Mar. Altogether 2\\
vessels from both convoys have been reported sunk up to the
present. Engagement of the convoy in the area east of the Azores
by Group "Unverzagt" was especially difficult due to very strong
defense, good visibility and calm sea. Only a few boats succeeded
in closing in for attack. One 7>000 GRT steamer was sunk by
submarine U "521" and one probable hit on the massed ships was
reported by submarine U "558".
Of the other boats in the North Atlantic, submarine U "621" re-
ported at 2005 a convoy sailing south in BE 613U and maintained
contact for submarines in the vicinity.
No action reports have been received from the boats in the south.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
For purposes of publication we have 210,000 GRT and several tor-
pedoings. In view of uncertainty on enemy information as to
losses in the North Atlantic convoys, the usual publication of
about 100,000 GRT of shipping sunk will not be made this time.
In reply to an inquiry from Operations Division, Submarine Di-
vision reports:
The Arabian Sea is considered to be an especially favorable
area of operations as regards traffic and defenses. However, the
southwest monsoon, which blows from May to November, makes subma-
rine operations impossible during that period. The possibility
of performing such an operation from about the beginning of No-
vember is under consideration.
Fbr the submarines now assigned for the sea area around South
Africa it is proposed:
1.) To extend the operational area up to the line grid square
LJ 81 left upper corner, LM 8l left upper corner, JN 8l, JK 82
and there to go into operation.
2.) To supply the submarines during the period from 25 May
to 30 June 19^3 in the area of grid square KS 50. This will
require :
8 x 250 cbm fuel oil and 8 x 30 days' provision for 56
men each. It is not yet possible to establish supply position
and time of rendezvous.
- 225 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The decision depends on approval of the extended operational area.
Operations Division proposes that the area be extended to the
north as far as 0° in order to open the area off Mombasa but that
the eastern limit should not be set as far as 70° E, but on a line
from 20° S, 70° E to 0°, 65° E, so that the Japanese may have more
space for their Indian operations. Submarine Division agrees with
this proposal. After the end of March until further notice none
of our ships will be in the western part of the Indian Ocean.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
Fifty-one planes of the 3rd Air Force were operating in
the west area and lit in the Mediterranean. Five fighter-bombers
dropped five SC 250 bombs on Kingswear. A bomber attacked the
railroad station at Great Yarmouth. For 19 Mar. Air Commander,
Atlantic Coast plans reconnaissance by seven planes between k3°
and li6° 30 f N, up to range limit.
During the night of 18 Mar. seven bombers were sent out against
Great Yarmouth and 3li against Norwich.
Five enemy planes made a successful daylight raid on Maaslouis
with high-explosive and incendiary bombs. In the afternoon, two
reconnaissance planes flew in as far as Bromberg and Marburg. For
the raid on Bremen - Vegesack, see "Situation North Sea."
During the night of 18 Mar. two enemy planes flew in from the east
into the area of Bialystock and Litznannstadt. One was evidently
a captured H 111 plane with valid recognition lights.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
No reports have been received on our own operations. Be-
tween 181*5 and 1Q55 about 15 Liberator planes at 7,000 to 7,500 m
altitude approached Naples. However, the enemy was driven off by
German anti-aircraft fire and all bombs were dropped into the sea.
One plane was reported to have crashed near Capri.
3. Eastern Front;
Over the Army fronts 6l enemy planes were shot down on
17 Mar. and 59 on 18 Mar.
- 226 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar, 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Reconnaissance was flown in the Black Sea. For results of re-
connaissance by the 5th Air Force, see "Situation Norway/Northern
Waters."
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
A convoy consisting of 1 transport and 13 steamers, most
of them in ballast, entered Gibraltar from the Mediterranean on
the evening of 17 Mar. At 0730 Cape Spartel reported sighting 1
( probable) warship, 1 transport and 3 freighters with 3 escort
vessels en route to the Mediterranean. At 1215 2 French transports,
1 steamer and 1 ( probable) large French destroyer entered Gibraltar
from an unidentified direction. Intelligence Service, Spain be-
lieves this to be the convoy reported off Cape Spartel. One
cruiser of the FIJI class put in to Gibraltar from the Atlantic.
Intelligence Center, Spain reports that a convoy of 5 - 6 large
transports (10,000 - 20,000 GHT) and about 7 tankers or freighters
of 8,000 - 10,000 GRT with 3 destroyers and 2 gunboats came into
sight between 1900 and 2000 making for Gibraltar from the west.
According to an Italian report, this convoy was reinforced by 2
destroyers from Gibraltar and proceeded on towards the Mediter-
ranean.
An intelligence report from Spain states that among the vessels
that arrived on 9 Mar. were two special ships for landing oper-
ations ( BEATRIX type as used in Dieppe). Twelve landing craft
reported in Gibraltar in January sailed in small groups into the
Mediterranean during the second half of February.
No reports have been received on the heavy formation. Our air
reconnaissance noted more lively shipping activity off the Al-
gerian Coast.
There was a submarine east of Brindisi.
A destroyer on southeasterly course 1*0 miles east of Derna was
spotted during an exploratory reconnaissance in the Eastern Medi-
terranean.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Two Italian submarines were reported in the operational
area. On 16 Mar. submarine U "593" unsuccessfully attacked an
eastbound convoy and a cruiser of the London class and on 18 Mar.
- 227 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar, l?h3 CONFIDENTIAL'
she sank two steamers of ii,000 GRT each from an eastbound convoy
of three steamers in CO 5811,
FT boats S "156", "157" and "158" put in to Augusta from Bizerta
on the afternoon of 17 Mar, On the morning of 18 Mar, FT boat
S "57" arrived at Bizerta from Erapedocle, There were no FT boat
operations.
On 16 and 17 Mar, five Italian motor minesweepers cleared a total
of lli mines on the routes in the Bizerta area.
On 17 Mar, there were no operations of the 6th Motor Minesweeper
Flotilla from Bizerta. Motor minesweepers R "12" and R "13" have
been towed to Naples, Six auxiliary motor minesweepers checked
the sea area five miles northwest of Marettimo without result for
mines which were said to have been located by echo-ranging.
Submarine-chasers "2201" - "2201;" have been ordered to escort the
convoy ZEILA to Messina. Submarine-chasers "2203", "2205" and
"2207" are on submarine hunt in the Capri area, after which they
will perform escort service to Palermo.
Group West reports that the dependent mine barrage in the harbor
entrance at SeH-e is now operational.
German Naval Command, Italy has urgently requested that the yacht
L'INCOMPRISE be left with the 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla as
the other boats are too slow and this is the most suitable vessel
for fast escort duties. Naval Staff has decided regarding the
proposal of Commanding Admiral, Defenses West ( see War Diary, 15
Mar,), that after further investigation the 22nd Submarine Chaser
Flotilla cannot be reduced at present in favor of the 6th Coast
Patrol Flotilla, Submarine chaser "2216" (L'INCOMPRISE) will
therefore remain with the 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla,
When all assigned vessels have been fitted up, this Flotilla will
comprise 16 boats. In comparison with the tasks assigned, this
number is very small. The three small submarine chasers remain-
ing on the south coast of France cannot serve as moie than a
slight deterrent to the enemy. This fact would not be greatly
altered by the assignment of a fourth boat. It must, however, be
considered that the traffic on the south coast of France is of
entirely secondary importance in comparison to that in the Si-
cilian Channel.
3, Sea Transport Situation;
The convoy TOMASEO/FOSCARINI is en route from Messina to
Bizerta. War transports KT "5" and KT "6" are sailing from Tunis
to Palermo where they are expected during the evening.
- 228 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
At 1115 on 17 Mar., the tanker DEVOLI (3,300 GRT) was sunk by an
enemy submarine five miles west-northwest of Cape San Vito, and
at 1220 the steamer FORLI ( 1,525 GRT) was sunk 38 miles south of
Naples. Small vessel traffic between Sicily and Tunisia was
carried out according to plan. Another ship has sailed from
Marseilles for Genoa.
lu Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
During the night of 17 Mar. the "BULGARIA", the "DRACHE"
and torpedo boat CALATAFIMI performed their special mission
( probably minelaying) according to plan. Convoy traffic was
hampered by bad weather.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there was great shipping
activity off the coast in the Ghelenjik area during the morning.
Two convoys, consisting of one to two vessels with numerous light
escorts, were sighted, one sailing northwest and one southeast.
The 7,000 GRT tanker which was torpedoed near Tuapse on the night
of 12 Mar. has been towed in there still on fire.
Own Situation:
During the night of 17 Mar., the 1st FT Boat Flotilla
torpedoed a 500 GRT lighter in the Tuapse area. No other shipping
was encountered. During the same night, Italian FT boats sighted
no enemy vessels in the Ghelenjik area. On account of weather
conditions, no FT boat operations are planned for the night of
18 Mar.
Ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch to the fish salting plant
was undisturbed and the weather was at first favorable. Later, a
temporary detour to Taman was made necessary by freshening winds
with consequent loss of time and reduced performance.
About h,700 persons, 350 motorized and 5l8 horse-drawn vehicles
and other war material were ferried to the west.
- 229 - CONFIDENTIAL
18 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Minelaying was observed during the night of 17 Mar, on the route
Pavlovski - Cape Takil. The route has been closed. Minesweeping
operations have been ordered.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
- 230 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
France;
General Giraud has announced that French Guiana has put itself
under his command and joined the Allies.
According to a diplomatic report, the British and Americans are
making strenuous efforts to effect a union of the dissident French
camps, evidently desiring such a political success which they
could use to their benefit in the hoped-for development of the
military situation in the Western Mediterranean.
Great Britain t
The House of Commons has approved the Government's proposals for
the reform of the Diplomatic Service.
Ireland t
According to a diplomatic report, the Dublin Foreign Ministry re-
gards Ireland's international situation with confidence. An
Anglo-American attack is no longer feared. Even the inclusion of
Ireland in Germany's operational plans is no longer considered
likely. The attitude of the U.S.A. is favorably influenced by
Roosevelt's consideration for the Irish votes in his fourth presi-
dential campaign.
Russia;
From the fall of Charkov, the "New York Times" deduces that the
Russians will not be able to win the war alone. Germany's down-
fall can be brought about only by the concentrated power of all
the Allies.
U.S.A.;
Roosevelt has established a Permanent Advisory Committee for post-
war questions.
In a statement on 15 Mar. , the American Legion ( Union of veterans
of the World War) stressed the close relations between the Legion
and the French people and promised that soon hundreds of thousands
of Americans would again stand on French soil.
Spain;
In the opinion of diplomatic circles in Madrid, Franco's speech
at the opening of the Cortes clearly indicates Spain's desire to
act as mediator between the Axis Powers and the Democracies.
- 231 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Spanish press comments, authoritatively inspired are along the
same lines.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. A statement on the course of the German- Italian naval dis-
cussions of lii to 17 Mar, 19U3 and on the agreement reached be-
tween the German and Italian Navies on 17 Mar. 19li3> as well as
the protocol on the discussions with the Italian Admiralty on 16
Mar. 19 1*3 > has been prepared as per l/Skl I b 832/1*3 Gkdos. Chefs.
Copies in War Diary, Part C, Appendix to Vol. XIV "German- Italian
Naval Discussions in Rome, March 191*3." An additional copy of
the protocol of 16 Mar. and of the agreement of 17 Mar. 19l*3 is
contained in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
II. After a report by Chief, Naval Intelligence Division, Chief,
Foreign Affairs, Intelligence Division reported to Chief, Armed
Forces High Command that a large-scale enemy attack, probably on
Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia, may be expected in the near future.
According to Chief, Naval Staff, the Fuehrer evinced no alarm on
this point at the conference on 1? Mar.
Chief, Naval Intelligence Division gave a short evaluation of
intelligence for the period 8 to 15 Mar. in accordance with memo-
randum of conference of 15 Mar. Copy in War Diary, Part C, file
"Data on Enemy Situation."
From further consultation with Naval Intelligence Division, it is
understood that it would be possible for the enemy to transport
300,000 to 1*00,000 men without having to restrict his other mili-
tary requirements to any great extent.
These favorable figures have been reached by the acquisition of
about 600,000 GRT of shipping from the French North African
possessions and about 500,000 GRT of excess new constructions.
In addition, about 800,000 GRT of coastal shipping had not been
taken into account in previous estimates.
Chief, Naval Staff pointed out that all these estimates, however
indispensable they may be to Naval Staff and Army General Staff,
are based sometimes on vague data. As the food situation in
Great Britain is factually unknown, the possibility of withdrawing
shipping from the supply traffic remains an entirely open question.
In a Highly Restricted Circlet
III. Report of Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division;
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19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
a.) Commander, Submarines, Italy has been ordered to shift
the operational areas in the Eastern Mediterranean in such a way
as to simulate an increased number of submarines. Chief, Naval
Staff, remarked that, in any case, a few more submarines will
have to stay in the Eastern Mediterranean for the time being, as
new Commanders are coming up who cannot be sent at once into the
difficult conditions of the Western Mediterranean,
b.) In regard to the request of Group North and Commanding
Admiral, Task Force that the latter1 s formation be strengthened
by the addition of light forces and postponement of NUERNBERG'S
return home (as per memorandum l/Skl I op 837/U3 Gkdos. Chefs,
Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.), Naval Staff, with the
approval of Chief, Naval Staff, has decided as follows:
1,) NUERNBERG will be transferred home as soon as the
destroyers to be transferred to Norway by order of Naval Staff
have joined the formation of Commanding Admiral, Task Force.
2.) Until then, NUERNBERG may take part in operations,
3.) 3EITZEN, GREIF and JAGUAR are assigned as escort
for NUERNBERG on her return passage.
U.) Fuel oil for the transfer of the destroyers to
Norway and NUERNBERG'S return will be provided for in the April
allotment.
c.) Group North has requested the 5th Air Force to patrol
the Denmark Strait and the waters around Iceland. The 5th Air
Force has at present six W 200 planes which would have sufficient
range for the mission requested, but only one is operational.
The withdrawal of IW 200 planes from the Atlantic coast is out of
the question as long as the blockade-running season lasts.
d.) Chief, Naval Staff concurs in Naval Staff's objection to
the issue of operational orders to Admiral, Northern Waters and
the 5th Air Force by Group North. (See War Diary, 18 Mar.)
e.) The present ice situation in the Denmark Strait is cause
for some concern. Discreet submarine reconnaissance has been
ordered. The enemy must not be alerted.
f.) The Naval Liaison Officer attached to Commander in Chief,
Air Force, Operations Division, has reported that the command of
the projected operations against Great Britain has been taken over
by former General, Bombers, Lt. Col. Pelz, who will be operationally
in charge of three bomber wings and the fighter-bombers. The 9th
Air Corps will therefore no longer figure.
- 233 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
g.) Armed Forces High Command has asked for Naval Staff's
views on the Italian Admiralty's request for 18,000 additional
tons of fuel oil for Fleet operations against any enemy attack on
the Tyrrhenian Islands,
On the occasion of the Rome conference, Chief, Naval Staff warmly
welcomed the Duce 's plan to commit the whole Fleet in this event
and termed it both strategically and tactically practical and
promising. Chief, Naval Staff promised that the question of fuel
oil delivery should be looked into. No direct promise was given.
This attitude of Chief, Naval Staff must be taken into consider-
ation in the comments to Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff, even if the Navy's possibilities of procuring the oil
should necessitate a negative reply. The possibility of recourse
to Rumanian oil must be brought to the attention of Armed Forces
High Command.
IV. Report by Chief of Staff, Naval Staff on the transfer of the
formation of Commanding Admiral, Task Force from Bogen Bay to Alta
Fiord in accordance with memo in War Diary of 16 Mar. Chief,
Naval Staff concurred.
The following decision has been sent to Group North ( information
copy to Fleet):
Commander in Chief, Navy has approved the transfer of the
formation of Commanding Admiral, Task Force to Alta. The NUERN-
BERG, GREIF and JAGUAR will remain in Bogen Bay. The NUERNBERG
may take part in operations if they arise before her transfer home.
Special Items t
I. In view of the Fuehrer's order that FT boats, as well as
motor minesweepers, are to be transferred to the Mediterranean,
Chief, Naval Staff asked the Fuehrer if the 8th FT Boat Flotilla
might be withdrawn from Norway for this purpose. The Fuehrer re-
jected the suggestion and indicated the FT boats in the Channel.
A decision on this question can still be postponed because the
transfer of motor minesweepers and naval landing craft to the
Mediterranean, which will take several months, is more urgent.
II. Foreign Affairs/intelligence Division, submitted a report
from the Chief of Security Police dated 19 Mar. ~V,hat, according
to a captured Canadian pilot, a large-scale British landing is
planned for 21 Mar. in Brittany ( the Bay of Brieux) and in the
area of Vannes and that strong formations of parachute troops are
to be used.
- 23li - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
III. According to radio deciphering, the French Admiral Robert
made a situation report on 17 Mar. to the Vichy Secretariat of
the Navy, explaining the increasing difficulty of his position in
the West Indies. Copy as per l/Skl 7998/13 Gkdos. in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. VIII.
Situation 19 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1« Enemy Situation:
According to radio deciphering, London advised Cairo on
9 Mar. that in view of requirements for operation AL, two loading
cranes destined for Bombay and the Persian Gulf respectively had
been sent to the Middle East. The change was regretted, but the
Middle East requirements were urgent. Copy of deciphering as per
l/Skl 8101/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
The reference to operation AL may be a break in
the enemy's otherwise carefully maintained secrecy
which gives at least a hint of activities of an
urgent nature in the Middle East.
2. Own Situation;
The DOGGERBANK has received from Naval Staff the follow-
ing information and orders:
a.) by radiogram 2307:
1.) Three to four of our destroyers will meet DOGGERBANK
at a position 38 • south and 1°38' west of "Davit".
2.) If the destroyers are not met, she will proceed
along the limit of territorial waters to the east as far as a
point 18' south and 6°2' east of "Davit". There she will be
picked up by escort forces.
3.) If this rendezvous too should fail, she will stand
on and off on zigzag courses as far as 25 miles to the west of
the point as in 2.), reporting her position by short signal or
radiogram. While awaiting further radio orders, she will in no
case cross the 50 k. line to the east.
km) Code name to be used to destroyers, escort forces
and own signal stations will be REIHER.
- 235 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
5.) After meeting the destroyers, the orders of the
Commander of the destroyer flotilla will be followed,
b.) by radiogram 1055: Weather report for 19 Mar.
c.) by radiogram 1708: Position of the CASTILLO BELLVER on
19 Mar. in the forenoon, 38° N, 27° W.
All radiograms were sent in special code "Doggerbank".
The REGENSBTTRG has been informed by radiogram 1753 ( in special
code "Regensburg") that the submarine has been unexpectedly delayed
and will not reach the rendezvous before 21 Mar.
Information on enemy recognition signals between warships and
merchant vessels has been forwarded to all vessels in foreign
waters by radiogram 2359.
Special Item:
A photograph of the scuttling of the GRAF SPEE, taken by
an English eye witness, has been received from an Alsatian re-
servist who served in the French Navy. The picture is contained
in War Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
According to an intelligence report of 26 Feb., received
via Portugal from a diplomatic source in Cardiff, Worcester is an
important railroad junction for the transport of war material to
Bristol and Swansea. The junction yards are full of war material.
Concentration and training of expeditionary forces is going on
near Exeter in the Taunton and Tiverton valleys.
Reconnaissance planes of Air Commander, Atlantic Coast sighted:
at noon 2 vessels, probably submarine chasers, on course 330°
about 260 miles west of Bordeaux; one 1,000 GRT steamer painted
black and without neutrality markings, on southerly course, about
60 miles north of Cape Ortegal; 2 similar ships about 220 miles
west- northwest of Cape Ortegal flying a white flag with a red
sphere on the aftermast, both on northerly course; 1 destroyer
and h corvettes, on southerly course 60 miles north of the above-
mentioned position; at 1650 a convoy of 55 steamers of from 5>000
to 10,000 GRT, 1 cruiser of the LONDON class, 3 destroyers and h
corvettes, proceeding at 10 knots, on southerly course about
260 miles northwest of Cape Ortegal. Radio intelligence detected
a British vessel about 350 miles west of Cape Ortegal.
- 236 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
An intelligence report states that the battleship NELSON or RODNEY
was observed in the late afternoon 50 miles south of Lisbon on
southerly course, speed 18 knots. According to another intelli-
gence report, the Irish steamer CHI OF DUBLIN sank with the whole
crew after striking a mine*
The last definite observation of the RODNEY and NELSON was on 12
Mar, at Gibraltar after which they sailed for the Mediterranean.
While the possibility that one or both of the ships may have later
turned back through the Straits of Gibraltar unobserved cannot be
excluded, it is unlikely in view of the continuous check main-
tained*
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast;
Torpedo boat T "5" put in to Brest at noon. Destroyer Z
w37" and torpedo boat T "2" anchored in Royan roads at 1930.
Group West has requested Air Commander, Atlantic Coast to make a
reconnaissance on 20 Mar. of the sea area Cape Villano - 13° W /
0888 - 23° W / 3889 - 2li° W / 8135 - 2U° W / 9582 - Cape Villano.
Group West has requested that DOGGERBANK be advised by radio that
she will be met at 0800 German standard time on 23 Mar. at U3°10»
N, 9°30' W by three or four destroyers with special orders. Naval
Staff has pointed out to the Group that it will probably be im-
possible to fix the date and time of meeting, as the DOGGERBANK
cannot increase her speed any further and, since she will probably
have to avoid convoy KMS 11, she will probably have to delay her
arrival at the rendezvous. Naval Staff proposes that the position
of the blockade runner be established by air reconnaissance as
soon as possible and rendezvous with the destroyers set by dead
reckoning. Copy as per teletype l/Skl 825/13 Gkdos. Chefs, in
War Diary, Part C, Vol. II b.
Group West submitted operational orders for;
a.) Incoming of DOGGERBANK. (Code words "Bornholm" and
n Juergen" ) •
Code name for DOGGERBANK - "REIHER".
Meeting by the 8th Destroyer Flotilla at 9°30' W, 1i3o10'
N is scheduled.
b.) Bringing in PIETRO 0RSE0L0.
(Code word "Anke").
- 237 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENT IAL
Meeting by the 8th Destroyer Flotilla at 1*3020» N, 15° W
is scheduled.
c.) Escort of outgoing blockade runners by destroyers and
torpedo boats,
(Code word "Elisabeth").
Code names are:
for ALSTERTJFER - PA VILLON
for HIMALAYA - SACCO
for PORTLAND - LANDWEHR
for OSORNO - QUERRTRT
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla reported its plans in regard to Group
West's operational order for bringing in the DOGGERBANK.
The Flotilla plans to transfer two vessels to Le Verdon and two
to Royan on 20 Mar,, and to put out for the rendezvous at OliOO on
22 Mar.
Channel Coast;
The 12th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla reports that code
security was not compromised when motor minesweeper R "1*0" was
damaged on 17 Mar, The code chest with five cylinders was lost.
Secret documents were thrown overboard in canisters at a depth of
US meters, (See teletype 1515),
In the evening, targets were located and fired at off Etaples.
Ill, North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters,
1. North Seat
Enemy Situation:
Three fishing cutters with Danish markings, on westerly
course, were stopped at 0750 100 miles north of Texel by our air
reconnaissance and forced to turn east.
Own Situation:
Three ELM/J mines were cleared near Ameland and Juist,
- 238 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19*0 CONFIDENTIAL
A harbor defense boat was attacked off the Hook of Holland by two
enemy planes and slightly damaged. Escort service and channel
sweeping were carried out according to plan.
With reference to the enemy air attack on Vegesack on 18 Mar,,
North Sea Station reports that the management of the shipyard
estimates about 100 men killed and as many wounded. Two subma-
rine engines were destroyed. Submarines afloat were not damaged.
The submarines on the slipways suffered only slight damage with
the exception of VEG "52" which turned over. The management of
the shipyard hopes to have the engine construction workshop in
working order by the beginning of next week; the ship-building
yard somewhat later because some of the power cables are destroyed,
The work of the Warship Construction Acquaintance Detachment
( North) is continuing. It is not anticipated that the submarine
program will be much delayed,
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, three Russian destroyers
were carrying out firing exercises. Moderate air reconnaissance
over the North Sea and none by the Iceland squadrons was reported.
Five steamers which entered Reykjavik on 15 Mar. left again in
ballast on 17 Mar.
Own Situation;
On 17 Mar. batteries on the Rybachi Peninsula fired 21*6
rounds at an eastbound convoy and at Battery Romanov. A barracks
was destroyed. A hit on the searchlight by the answering fire
was observed. During a low-level attack on Petsarao airfield on
18 Mar., three men were slightly injured. Material damage was
insignificant.
In the area of the Arctic coast 26 vessels were escorted north
and 2 south, in the area of the north coast 13 north and 2 south,
in the area of the west coast 9 north and 17 south.
On 17 Mar. in Bodoe, the torpedo supply steamer ANNA REHDER
damaged the depot ship CARL PETERS and FT boats S "118" and "108"
berthed alongside. S "118" had to dock in Harstad. S "108" is
provisionally ready for torpedo-firing practice.
Group North plans to place gunboat K "3" at the disposal of Naval
Command, Norway for escort service on the Arctic coast as the
early assignment of two torpedo boats of Commanding Admiral, Task
Force as planned, is out of the question for the present. The
Group has asked Naval Staff if there is any objection to the plan
- 239 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
for operations against blockade runners out of Gothenburg which,
in the Group's opinion, are considered possible by using forces
of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic and strengthening the
mine barrages. (See teletype 1728).
Naval Command, Norway reports that the mine danger zone northwest
of Landegode, recently reported free, has again been closed due
to suspected mines. (See teletype 1700).
Minelaying assignment "Klein Erna" was again broken off at C125
on account of the weather.
On 18 Mar. the formation of Commanding Admiral, Task Force carried
out exercises in Ofot and West Fiords according to plan.
On 18 Mar. weather ship C0BT7RG carried out operation "Brausewetter"
at 7l*°30' N, 17°32» E according to plan. On her return passage
she became jammed in ice in AB 6335. Pilot service by plane and
subsequent meeting with submarine U "378" has been arranged for
20 Mar.
Five submarines south of 3ear Island have been ordered to be in
reconnaissance line AB 6135 - 6671 at 06O0 on 20 Mar., and at 1000
on 21 Mar. are to reach position line I from AB 5515 - 5979, which
will then be extended by a sixth boat in AB 8325.
Group North has been informed by Naval Staff that the decision on
REGENS BURG's eastward passage will probably be made on 26 Mar. in
accordance with submarine reports on the ice conditions in the
Denmark Strait. Command will be subsequently taken over by Group
North according to order from Naval Staff. For teletype l/Skl
I k 855 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, see War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
No special reports have been received from the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic. The forces' activities were carried
out according to plan.
Clearing operations on the "Wartburg" barrage were discontinued
on account of bad weather. Aerial mines are suspected in the
roads and port of Tallinn as enemy planes were located by radio.
The harbor, mole and ships in Lavansaari were attacked by our
planes. The fuel depot is believed to have been hit. There was
defense by heavy anti-aircraft guns. The enemy trained heavy
harassing fire on the coastal area of Kronstadt Bay. Enemy air
attacks on the Kolgampya Peninsula caused no damage.
- 2U0 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has approved the assignment of mine -exploding vessel
"lli8" from the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North to
Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic.
Naval Staff has instructed Group North, (with copy to Commander,
Minesweepers, Baltic, Admiral, Baltic States, Naval Liaison Staff,
Helsinki and Baltic Station) that, due to accommodation diffi-
culties in Libau, an early change in the Tallinn - Helsinki
furlough traffic is desirable. (See teletype 1818).
Group North reports that its request for fighter protection for
barrage operations in the Gulf of Finland (see War Diary, 7 Mar.)
was not a matter of routine requirement but of a unique oppor-
tunity of employing means which would not again be available to
closing the Gulf of Finland, the most effective accomplishment of
which was of basic interest to all three Services and to German
economy and should therefore be given special protection. In con-
sideration of this point of view, the Group requests that Commander
in Chief, Air Force be persuaded to provide fighter protection,
even if only consisting of a flight (about 5 planes, Tr. N.)
The matter will be followed up by Naval Staff.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance in the Bay of Eiscay was reported to be
only moderate.
The British Admiralty has announced that a battle, lasting three
days and three nights, took place between a convoy formation and
German submarines in the Atlantic. At least three German subma-
rines were probably sunk and numerous others heavily damaged.
The convoy suffered some losses. British, American and Free
French warships took part in the battle. They were supported by
Liberator, Sunderland and Catalina planes as well as by Flying
Fortresses from the operational bases in Iceland, Ireland and the
islands west of Great Britain. k9 survivors from a submarine are
said to have been rescued.
According to the "Daily Mail", the first of the new anti-submarine
vessels, up to now on the secret list, has been commissioned.
Much is expected from this new type, and in particular that subma-
rine location will be much more effective than by previous methods.
- 2Ul - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
The location gear is said to work in such a way that it is no
longer possible for a submarine, once registered on the apparatus,
to shake off pursuit. It can now also be established with
certainty whether a submarine has sunk. On the convoy service,
the ship can reportedly use her radio apparatus without fear that
the enemy can identify her position. She carries many more guns
than has been customary and is extremely fast and maneuvrable.
Mass production of the new type is said to have already begun,
2. Own Situation:
From the North Atlantic, further reports have been re-
ceived of the successful operation by Groups "Raubgraf" and
"Stuermer" against the two convoys. Eight vessels for 1*3*000 GRT
and one D class destroyer were sunk and one vessel was torpedoed.
Total sinkings thus amount to 32 vessels and one destroyer.
Contact was further maintained by some of the submarines. The
defense, however, has decidedly increased. The operation is to
be discontinued on the morning of 20 Mar,
Submarines U "66", "663", "608", "Uil", "527" and "333" partici-
pated in today's successful actions. On their return passage the
submarines have been ordered to look out for damaged ships and
stragglers on the convoy route.
The operation of Group "Unverzagt" was discontinued after seven
days, during which eight vessels were sunk. The submarines have
been ordered to withdraw to the west.
Of the other submarines in the North Atlantic, U "665" reports
that after having been located by a hospital ship, probably the
SOLACES, she was pursued in BE 1932 by three submarine chasers.
Contact with the Gibraltar convoy in BE was maintained until 1730
by submarine U "621".
No action reports have been received from the boats in the south.
Further reports are contained in "Supplements to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol, IV,
VI, Aerial Warfare,
1, British Isles and Vicinity;
Eighty-six planes of the 3rd Air Force were out on oper-
ation in the west area and eight in the Mediterranean, No special
reports of success have been received for today. For reconnais-
sance information, see "Enemy Situations West Area and North Sea."
- 2U2 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The reported attack on Norwich is evaluated as good and that on
Great Yarmouth as satisfactory.
Reconnaissance off the west coast of Portugal as far as 18° W is
scheduled for 20 Mar,
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Because of weather conditions, operations over the Army
fronts were limited. On 18 Mar,, Italian torpedo bombers sank
two steamers totalling 10,000 GRT and heavily damaged a third on
the Bone roads. During the night of 19 Mar,, 21 bombers were sent
out against the port of Tripoli, Nineteen planes reached the
target and dropped 72 LT 750 aerial torpedoes. Three or four
burning vessels were observed as the planes flew off,
3, Eastern Front:
During sorties against shipping off the Caucasian coast,
one 800 GRT steamer was sunk and another steamer of the same size
was damaged. During the night of 18 Mar,, eleven bombers attacked
the port and shipping off Tuapse. Fourteen aerial mines were
dropped at Ghelenjik,
No special reports have been received from the 5th Air Force,
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
On the evening of 18 Mar. and the morning of 19 Mar.
an increased number of light vessels was observed to be putting
out from Gibraltar. Detailed observation was not possible because
of poor visibility. On the morning of 18 Mar. a cable layer left
the harbor for the Atlantic. At 1300 the MALAYA, 2 cruisers, one
of them in dock, 2 special landing operation ships (referred to in
previous reports as auxiliary cruisers), and 1 auxiliary cruiser
in dock, could be made out in port. Other ships were not reported
due to poor visibility.
No reports have come in on the heavy formation.
Livelier convoy movements were observed off the Algerian coast.
At 09Ul there were 8 merchant ships with 6 escort vessels 30 miles
north-northeast of Bougie on easterly course; at 1318, they were
23 miles north-northeast of Jijelli. At 1035, lU merchant vessels
and several destroyers were reported US miles west of Oran on
easterly course, evidently the convoy that passed Cape Spartel at
1850 on 18 Mar.
- 2U3 - CONFIDENTIAL
19 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
At 0020 there was a submarine $0 miles south-southeast of Cagliari.
In the Eastern Mediterranean, only slight shipping was reported.
A medium-sized steamer sailing northeast was 30 miles south of
Limasol at 0830. According to radio intelligence, the British
steamer TALMA, carrying Italian naval prisoners to be exchanged,
was unsuccessfully bombed at 08U5. The steamer was south of
Mersina.
The Intelligence Service reports via "Ostrov" the statement of a
British major passing through Lisbon that the greater part of the
small shipping previously employed had been withdrawn from the
supply service for the 8th and 9th Armies since the occupation of
Tripoli. Transshipment for supplies in the Red Sea harbors was
stopped even after the occupation of Tobruk, as there was scarcely
any air threat in the Eastern Mediterranean. Ships now go from
the Red Sea direct to Tripoli without transshipment in Egypt.
Most of the small ships released had been laid up and were being
overhauled in Nile ports. The fact that nowadays shipping traffic,
consisting entirely of large vessels, is going on practically un-
molested along the coast of Cyrenaica, was said by the major to
be an amazing thing and topic of conversation No. 1 for the Cairo
transport officers. A great difficulty, in the agent's view, was
the meat supply for the 8th, 9th and 10th Armies, as there were
no more cattle in the occupied territory and the Indian deliveries
had fallen off badly.
Another intelligence report of 11 Mar. , from London via Spain,
states that the British have brought 87 PT boats to the North
African harbors, 30 of which have been detached to Malta.
New anti-submarine nets have been laid in Algiers.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area.
At 10U6 on 18 Mar., submarine U "1*31" scored a hit on a convoy of
two steamers with three destroyers in CH 9289 but sinking could
not be observed because of the defense. As attack possibilities
were restricted by the weather, submarine U "593" put in to
Salamis for a short replenishment.
If the weather is favorable, a PT boat operation against the east-
bound enemy convoy is planned for the night of 19 Mar. On 18 Mar.
an ELM/j mine was cleared by a minesweeping plane in the area of
Marsala. Minesweepers M "6022" and M "602li" reached Trapani and
Naples respectively on their way south. They are to proceed on
21 Mar. Further auxiliary motor minesweepers and minesweepers
from Southern France are to be ready to sail on 22 Mar.
- 2UU - CONFIDENTIAL
)
• )
19 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
On 18 Mar, a 2,55>1 ton vessel was unloaded in one day at Ferry-
ville, constituting a record.
The Naval Attache, Madrid reports that the crew of the Spanish
steamer SEBASTIAN has refused to put to sea because of submarine
danger. This is the second case of the kind.
Commanding General, Armed Forces, South reports that the Italian
High Command has issued orders to the Italian Navy (with copies
to the Italian Army and Air Force) for the event of an enemy land-
ing in Sardinia. Summary of the contents:
1.) If the enemy attacks Sardinia, all-out commitment of all
naval forces with the restriction that heavy ships are to operate
only within range of our fighter planes and avoid night combats
as far as possible.
2.) Maddalena is to be prepared as the operational base for
heavy vessels.
3.) The destroyers are to be concentrated. Therefore the
possibility of using destroyers as troop transports and minelayers
will be limited.
U.) Transfer of PT boats and assault boats to Sardinia.
Arrangement with German Naval Command, Italy for the employment of
German PT boats. Preparation of additional assault boats to be
expedited.
5.) Commitment of all available submarines, with operational
center in the Western Mediterranean.
6.) 18,000 tons of oil for the Fleet to be requested of
German Armed Forces High Command.
7.) Instructions for increased cooperation with the Air
Force, with the purpose of spotting enemy operations promptly.
Armed Forces High Command reports that the Fuehrer has decided
that an operation to reinforce the defenses of the Balearic
Islands by German forces be discarded in its present form as ex-
amination has shown it to be impracticable. If it should come to
negotiations with Spain, it might be possible to go into the
question again in more favorable circumstances. The shipping
originally prepared for the transport of the 999th Division is
therefore to be held in southern French ports until further notice,
The return of this tonnage to the merchant fleet
is therefore not to be considered.
Group West and Quartermaster Division have been informed.
- 215 - CONFIDENTIAL
1? Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL,
Quartermaster Division advises that, under the arrangements made
between the Deputy of the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping
in the Mediterranean and Vice Admiral Huge, the following are pro-
vided for: The ILE DE BAUTE and the GOUVERNEUR GENERAL TIRMANN
to be night fighter direction ships, the KITA and the BELLAIN
D'ESNAMBUC to be minelayers and the ALICE ROBERT, FELIX HENRY,
PASQUAL PAOLI and CYRNOS to be anti-aircraft corvettes.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
War transports KT "5>" and KT "6" entered Palermo on the
evening of 18 Mar. During the night of 18 Mar. two destroyers en
route to Tunis with German troops turned about and returned to
Palermo because one had damaged her rudder. The convoy TOMASEO
put in temporarily to Trapani because of engine trouble on a de-
stroyer. It is planned for it to proceed on the morning of 20 Mar •
During the night of 18 Mar. three naval landing craft arrived at
Trapani from Bizerta. Six more naval landing craft are overdue.
A search is underway. Another ship has put out from Marseilles
for Genoa.
U. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
According to an Italian report, a submarine was sighted
north of Mios. Three German seamen were killed by the explosion
while shooting up a floating mine. Escort traffic in the Aegean
Sea was halted by bad weather.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, there were three de-
stroyers in the sea area of Tuapse during the morning. Air re-
connaissance reported great shipping activity off the east coast.
Twelve small vessels were sighted off Ghelenjik, also a convoy
consisting of l(li,000 GRT,) steamer with 1 destroyer and h motor
minesweepers sailing south from Tuapse and 1 southbound merchant
vessel, 3(7,000 GRTJ tankers and 1(9,000 GRTj transport north of
Batum.
During the night of 18 Mar. our planes dropped aerial mines in
the harbor entrance at Ghelenjik. In the early morning, several
enemy FT boats and heavy underwater explosions were observed in
the target area.
Own Situation:
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19 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
No German or Italian boats were on operation during the
night of 19 Mar. on account of bad weather.
During the night of 18 Mar,, the 8th naval landing craft transport,
which was returning from Anapa to Kerch and had anchored off
Shelesni Rog, was attacked by enemy FT boats without success. The
9th Anapa transport did not put to sea due to weather conditions.
Sea convoys and lumber transport off the Crimean coast as well as
minesweeping operations also had to be postponed because of the
weather.
During an enemy air attack on the naval battery near the fish salt-
ing plant, one gun was put out of action and an ammunition dump was
destroyed. One of our planes crashed southeast of Kossa Chuchka,
Ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch is now possible only by
full commitment of vessels and mooring jetties. Damage has in-
creased greatly. Traffic must be restricted on 20 Mar, for jetty
repair. On 19 Mar, about 3,500 persons, about 300 motorized and
hlS horse-drawn vehicles, 1,750 horses and other war material
were transferred to the west.
After conferring with Commanding General, Army Group A on the
Army Group's plans regarding the Taman bridgehead, Commanding
Admiral, Group South reports that even if the Novorossisk port
installations were thoroughly destroyed, the Russians could soon
get the base into working order again. This will mean that the
enemy will be closer to our supply lines. This disadvantage can
only be counteracted by the available offensive facilities, the
FT boats and submarines to a very limited extent. Commanding
General, Army Group A has drawn the Fuehrer's attention to this
fact in a personal report. In spite of this, the narrowing of
the Gotenkopf bridgehead has been decided on,* Commanding Admi-
ral, Group South considers it necessary that the Navy should again
demand escort for our convoys from the Air Force and that the Air
Force should undertake offensive operations against the Caucasian
harbors towards the destruction of the Russian Fleet,
Relevant teletype as per l/Skl 826/b3 Gkdos, Chefs, in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. XIV a.
According to the latest information received by Naval Intelligence
Division, the Russian merchant fleet in the Black Sea amounts to
31 freighters for U8,65U GRT and 9 tankers for U9,k01 GRT. Of
these kO ships totalling 98,055 GRT, 23 freighters for 33,355 GRT
and 5 tankers for 23,917 GRT, that is, a total of 28 vessels for
57,252 GRT are stated to be operational,
* Marginal note by Chief of Staff, Naval Staff: "The decision is
not yet final."
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19 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
There are also available 7 naval transports for 23,732 GRT and 16
former merchant vessels for 11,679 GRT now used for war purposes,
mainly as minesweepers, as well as 3 ice-breakers and 2 tugs.
Thus the enemy will presumably have a total of 56 operational
vessels, amounting to 95>63U GRT, available for landing operations.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
In regard to the situation in the Pacific, Foreign Affairs/in-
telligence Division has forwarded the 57th issue of an American
weekly report on world political and military events dated h Mar.,
19U3» It deals with U.S. policy concerning the defense of Aus-
tralia. According to this report, it appears that the centre of
operations for 19 U3 lies in Europe and Africa, so that for the
present, it is intended to avoid tying down strong land forces in
the South Pacific area.
Photostat of the report as per l/Skl 8378/U3 geheim in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. XV.
- 2li8 - CONFIDENTIAL
20 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Severe criticism of the repeated announcements made by Allied
statesmen on post-war problems has led the British Embassy in
Bern to state that the Allies have resolved not to begin work on
the conclusion of peace unprepared. It is said that the phase of
coordination and formulation has been attained.
The deeper reason for the preoccupation with such
matters may lie, however, in the fact that, as
shown by experience, war aims are the more im-
portant for the stability of coalitions during war
the greater the tension in the coalition and the
more danger there is that the several partners
strive towards special war aims, thus threatening
to weaken the striking power of the military and
political prosecution of the war. Since Russians
are especially inscrutable in this respect, the
Western Powers are desperately engaged in finding
a formula which will bring all the Allies into
line and at the same time serve as an inspiration
for the fighting nations.
According to a diplomatic report, well-informed neutral circles
believe that, for the British, the question of an invasion of
Western Europe is uppermost, while U.S. interest is concentrated
on operations in the Mediterranean. It is thought probable that
the settling of this cardinal point is the main object of the
Washington conference, political points of view probably being of
decisive importance.
Another diplomatic report states that it is believed in Turkish
circles that, during Eden's visit to Washington, one of the main
items will be the setting up of a joint Anglo-American basis for
diplomatic negotiations with Moscow. It is said that the British
hope to be able to bring the Russians around to their point of
view, if necessary, by threatening not to open a second front
until the matter of Russian territorial claims has been cleared
up.
Speculations as to Allied offensive plans have appeared in the
Swedish press. It is thought possible that the Allies will at-
tempt attacks at several places, though these would be only feints
for the purpose of splitting our forces. The Allies would hardly
have the forces or ability for a serious attempt to invade the
European fortress at two points.
France:
General Catroux has proclaimed the restoration of the consitution
of the Lebanon Republic. According to British reports, this
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20 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
concludes the General's mission in Syria and there is nothing now
to prevent his leaving for Algiers. It is said that General de
Gaulle intends to accept Giraud's invitation to come to Algiers
as soon as General Catroux has arrived there.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division on
the strength of the Russian Black Sea merchant fleet in accordance
with the summary of Naval Intelligence Division ( see War Diary,
19 Mar.).
Further report on our own merchant shipping losses in Feb., 19U3.
Graphs showing the losses as per l/Skl I E 7305 A3 Gkdos. in War
Diary, File "Own Ship Losses in 19h3."
These show that the submarine threat in northern waters is in-
creasing greatly. The use of boats of the 3rd and Uth Torpedo
Boat Flotillas to strengthen defense must be considered.
Supplementary report on the change of command on Ship "28" in
accordance with memorandum in War Diary of 18 Mar. A telegram
from Chief, Naval Staff to Captain von Ruckteschall has been sent
by radiogram 18U6. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
II. Report by Chief, Naval Communications Division:
a.) On instructions from Minister Speer, Professor Koester
will deliver a lecture, to a restricted audience, on magnetic
measuring methods in anti-torpedo and anti-submarine defense.
There is no objection on the part of the Navy, provided the
choice of audience and the subject remain restricted. Chief,
Naval Staff has instructed Naval Ordnance Division to follow up
the matter.
b.) By way of experiment, Chief, Naval Communications Di-
vision plans to equip ten submarines with radio decoys carried
by balloons. Fifty more of these devices are being manufactured.
The measure is under consideration not only for submarines but
also for blockade runners. Chief, Naval Staff concurs and regards
all measures that may serve to increase submarine safety as es-
pecially urgent. Such measures are: Screening of conning towers,
decoys and swift change of wave length in order to combat radar
interferences.
III. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division presented a report in re-
gard to an enemy landing near Brieux in Brittany, said to be
planned for 21 Mar. as per copy in War Diary, 19 Mar. He also
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20 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
presented a report from the Spanish Consul in Cardiff forwarded
by the Naval Attache, Madrid on the situation of enemy tonnage.
The writer states that the shipping deficiency has now reached
its peak. Shipping circles in Cardiff are of the opinion that
current new ship construction in the U.S.A. and Great Britain
does not yet represent an adequate replacement for the unexpected
and startling losses due to sinkings and damage as well as to the
gradual decentralization of industry and the increase in war re-
quirements. The reduction of imports will make even bread ration-
ing inevitable. The victorious campaigns in Cyrenaica and Russia
and any which may possibly be in prospect, cannot compensate for
the unquestionable seriousness of the situation. Heavy or even
slight damage to vessels assumes great importance as, due to lack
of dockyard capacity, they can sometimes not be repaired and thus
add to the total loss. The situation is not expected to ease be-
fore the summer when the effects of the new large-scale con-
struction in Great Britain and the U.S.A. will be felt.
There is undoubtedly a considerable amount of local color in this
report.
With the arrival of the MALAYA in Gibraltar on 17 Mar., the task
force there has again reached the strength observed at the time
of the North African operation in Nov. 19U2. There are assumed
to be 3 battleships, 1 aircraft carrier and 2 auxiliary aircraft
carriers. Convoy traffic in the Atlantic at present shows no
unusual symptoms but is continuing on the normal scale. However,
from the reinforcement of Task Force H it may be concluded that
heavy convoy escort is being built up for imminent actions in the
Western Mediterranean. The tonnage deficiency of about 300,000
GRT, which was observed up to 18 Mar., has meanwhile been reduced
by 120,000 GRT. The special landing craft PRINCESS BEATRIX and
QUEEN EMMA, lying in Gibraltar, are fitted to carry eight to ten
assault boats and li5>0 men each.
IV. Chief, Organization and Mobilization Branch, Quartermaster
Division reported on the status of the reorganization of the Navy,
The decree of 25 Feb. has been only partially put into effect,
but the remainder has not been cancelled. Baltic Station has not
yet been made independent nor has Group North been abolished. In
view of the development of the situation, it would seem advisable
to examine whether abolishing Group North should still be carried
through. No agreement has yet been reached within Naval Staff
concerning organizational possibilities. There is a question of
retaining the Group and merging its command with the Fleet. In
this case it must be decided whether this office should restrict
itself to control of naval forces or whether it should also as-
sume the coastal tasks from the areas of North Sea and Baltic
Stations and of Naval Command, Norway. Another solution would be
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20 Mar, l°h3 C0NFIDLNTIA1
to dissolve the Grcup and place the naval forces outside the area
of the coastal waters directly under Naval Staff. In such case,
it would te advisable for Admiral, Northern Waters to rer.ain and
the Fleet, as a training formation, only to have administrative
tasks.
If Group North is retained as a part of the Fleet, there arises
the further question of whether Naval Command, Norway will be
able to control communications in the northern area from Oslo.
Admiral Ciliax considers they should be conducted by the Group.
Chief, Naval Communications Division states that although the
technical difficulties of communications are great, they are net
insurmountable .
Chief, Naval Staff is of the opinion that the Group should be re-
tained as long as operations by the heavy ships are required. A
merging of the Group Admiral's personnel with that of Commanding
Admiral, Fleet is desirable. North Sea and Baltic Stations
should remain independently in charge of coastal waters. It re-
mains to be investigated how this question will affect Naval Com-
mand, Norway. The positions of Admiral, Northern Waters and of
Commander, Submarines, Norway will also have to be clearly es-
tablished. Chief, Naval Staff is not in favor of Commander,
Submarines having merely administrative control. The most im-
portant aspect of the war in northern waters is submarine warfare,
which goes on all the time, while surface operations are more oc-
casional. Perhaps the solution may lie in a merging of the areas
of Admiral, Northern Waters and Commander, Submarines.
Chief, Naval Staff has ordered Naval Staff to submit a new pro-
posal on the whole subject in the near future. If necessary
another discussion will be held with Admiral Schniewind before
coming to a decision.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
". Report by Auxiliary Cruiser Section, Operations Division on
the current status of arrangements for the bringing in and out of
blockade runners in accordance with memoranda in the War Diaries
of the last few days.
Chief, Naval Staff approved the arrangements made and the di-
rections issued. A summary by Operations division of the various
statements on overseas operations by auxiliary cruisers and aux-
iliary warships has been entered as per l/Skl 8Ul/U3 Gkdos. Chefs,
in V/ar Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
VI. Chief, >!aval Staff approved the proposal of Chief of Staff,
•'aval Staff that, in view of the possibility of enemy landing at-
tempts in our territory, an order of the day should be issued by
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)
20 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Chief, Naval Staff to the Navy coastal defense personnel. A
corresponding order l/Skl I a 8629 A3 geh. is contained in War
Diary, Part C, Vol, X,
Special Items.
I, On the subject of naval landing craft, Naval Staff has in-
formed Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Navy, (with
copy to Army General Staff, Naval Liaison Officer, and Air Force,
Operations Staff, Naval Liaison Officer) as follows:
1,) Beginning in May, it is planned to make a first transfer
to the Mediterranean of U6 naval landing craft, i.e. 20 new boats,
10 from training flotillas of Admiral, Landing Craft and Bases,
10 so far held for Norway and 6 so far held for the Black Sea.
2,) The establishment of naval landing craft in Norway, at
present 81, will therefore not be increased for the present.
3,) Apart from the lU naval landing craft now in transit
from Germany no other naval landing craft will be sent to the
Black Sea, The Black Sea establishment can therefore only be
augmented by new construction in the southeast area,
II, On 16 Mar,, acting under instructions, the Naval Liaison
Officer attached to Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations
Staff, delivered the following reply of Commander in Chief, Air
Force to Naval Staff's request for assistance from the 5th Air
Force for Group North in the planned naval operations against
convoys in northern waters (see War Diary, 11 Mar,):
The use of heavy formations against enemy convoy escorts
places the campaign against convoys on an entirely different base.
Up to the present it had been the order of Armed Forces High
Command that, with the exception of aircraft carriers, warships
were, if possible, not to be attacked in order to avoid unneces-
sary losses. The attack was to be concentrated on merchant
vessels.
By the use of our heavy formations, as now planned, the
combat of escort forces will in the future be the main objective.
Destruction of the steamers will then be a sequel to the prior
elimination of the escort. If Naval Staff is in agreement with
the above statements, a new basic order must be obtained from
Armed Forces High Command,
As of 18 Mar., Group North reports the answer made by the 5th Air
Force to the detailed requests submitted. It states:
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20 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
1.) The requested reconnaissance will be made as allowed by
the weak forces available. Maintenance of contact with one or
more groups of ships in the sea area Iceland - east of Jan Mayen-
will depend on the weather and on the number of planes available.
2.) The use of bombers as reconnaissance planes is not possi-
ble as they are under express orders from Commander in Chief, Air
Force to combat convoys (aircraft carriers or merchant vessels).
3.) An attack against a heavy group by inadequate forces does
not hold out prospects of operational success and furthermore
would require an express order from Commander in Chief, Air Force.
It.) Direct cooperation between Admiral, Northern Waters and
Air Commanders, consistent with basic instructions of the 5th Air
Force, is approved.
Group North comments:
In spite of continuously good cooperation with the 5th Air
Force, this answer again demonstrates the handicap imposed on our
naval warfare by the lack of a naval or Navy-controlled Air Force.
Warfare by surface forces and submarines against the vastly su-
perior enemy sea powers who have all the resources of a Fleet at
their disposal can achieve the expected optimum success only if
the weapons of naval warfare, of which planes are an indispensable
part, are sent out and put into operation as one. Group North
therefore urges that, especially in the present phase of the war
when the character of naval warfare is becoming increasingly de-
cisive, a concentration of naval arms and control be brought about.
As a first step, the Group requests that, in view of the importance
of surface force and submarine operations against the Russian
traffic, the establishment of the 5th Air Force be increased to
conform with the new commitments; that the restrictions imposed
by Commander in Chief, Air Force with regard to operations and
targets be canceled; and finally, that the Commitment of air forces
in joint operations should be in accordance with the Navy's re-
quirements.
Naval Staff's view on the subject has been forwarded via the Naval
Liaison Officer to Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff
as follows:
1.) The aim of joint warfare on enemy convoys is the de-
struction of merchant vessels; this will therefore also remain
the basic objective of Air Force operations.
2.) In joint operations, however, there may arise tactical
and operational situations which make it necessary for the planes
available to concentrate their attack on heavy enemy forces,
- 25U - CONFIDENTIAL
20 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
providing close or remote escort for the convoy, in order to
achieve the greater joint success against the merchant ships.
If, by seizing favorable tactical opportunities, bombers and
torpedo bombers prevent the heavy escort group from proceeding,
it would already constitute a decisive success,
3.) Bomber attacks on the convoy's close escort (heavy and
light cruisers and destroyers) may possibly furnish tactical
relief for our surface forces combatting enemy merchant vessels.
However, dissipation of air strength in such actions must defi-
nitely be avoided,
lu) Joint warfare, as outlined above, calls for the closest
cooperation by the relative Air Commander with Admiral, Northern
Waters, Naval Staff requests that the 5th Air Force be instructed
to authorize this.
Since successful joint operations are dependent on a
wide knowledge of the enemy situation, it is requested that, if
insufficient reconnaissance planes are available, the 5th Air
Force be ordered to use bombers also for reconnaissance purposes.
Group North has been simultaneously informed of these views with
the comment that, as already emphasized on 11 Mar,, operations by
naval forces must not again be made dependent upon an increase of
the Air Force in northern waters, which would require a Fuehrer
decision. The Group's arguments are in general approved. How-
ever, it must be taken into consideration that Air Force strength
is being strained. Due to the general war situation, Naval Staff
has requested intensification of air operations in the Mediter-
ranean and the west area and is therefore not in a position to
ask Commander in Chief, Air Force also for an increase in the 5th
Air Force. Furthermore, it must be considered that the Fuehrer's
agreement to transfer of SCHARNHORST and to operations by the
vessels was not combined with any proposal for an increase of the
5th Air Force. Therefore it is not now possible to contend that
such an increase is a necessary condition for commitment of the
vessels.
Ill, On 8 Mar., the Fuehrer issued a service regulation for Com-
manding General, Armed Forces, South, superseding all previous
relative orders and decrees. Section I reads as follows:
Commanding General, Armed Forces, South, who is likewise the
senior German officer in Italy, will represent the German Armed
Forces at the Headquarters of the Royal Italian Armed Forces in
all questions concerning the conduct of war in the Central and
Western Mediterranean,
In regard to the functions of Commanding General, Armed Forces,
South, Section II states:
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20 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
1.) He will represent ray intentions in regard to the Central
Mediterranean campaign with the Duce and the High Command and
will ensure German influence on the operations, as justified by
the preponderance of the German land and air forces fighting in
the Mediterranean area,
2.) He will be responsible for the execution of those of ray
instructions and directions that do not, in accordance with
Section I, have to be issued by the Italian High Command. Within
the scope of these two functions, Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South will also be over Army Group Africa.
3.) In close cooperation with the Italian High Command, he
will be in charge of all supplies for German troops in the Central
and Western Mediterranean.
lu) He will conduct the aerial war in the Mediterranean under
the guidance of the Duce and the directions of Commander in Chief,
Air Force, in close liaison with the Italian Air Force.
5.) He will be responsible for the uniform control of the
communications service, intelligence, propaganda and troop welfare,
as well as the medical service and military law and he will act
as advocate of the Armed Forces in connection with the Reich po-
litical representative in Tunis.
6.) He will report on all matters as per 1.) to 5.) and on
important matters of organization to Armed Forces High Command;
on matters concerning the Air Force he will report direct to Com-
mander in Chief, Air Force.
Subordinated to Commanding General, Armed Forces, South, under
section III will be, among others: the German Naval Command, with
the restriction that the general guiding principles of naval war-
fare in the Mediterranean are issued by Naval Staff.
This does not affect the administrative subordination of troops
which do not belong to the Air Force.
IV. In a personal letter to the Deputy General in charge of con-
struction economy, Reichsrainister Speer, on the subject of iron
quotas for naval construction for the second quarter of 19 h3 >
Commander in Chief, Navy has stated that the quota assigned of
only 8,100 tons, as against the required 28,500 tons, will inevi-
tably result in the complete collapse of the Navy's construction
economy program. He has therefore proposed a discussion on the
matter, to be preceded by a preliminary consultation between
Chief, Naval Ordnance Division, Chief, Bureau of Naval Armament
and competent representatives of the Deputy General.
The preliminary discussion is proposed for 2h Mar.
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20 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
V. On 19 Mar,, Shipping and Transport Branch, Quartermaster
Division, confirmed to the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Ship-
ping and his branches the agreed limitation of functions between
the Navy's sea transport organization and the Reich Commissioner
in the Mediterranean. Copy of the order as per l/Skl 8673A3 geh,
in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XI.
Situation 26 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
No special reports have been received.
2. Cwn Situation:
Naval Staff has advised DOGGERBANK:
a.) by radiogram 09 1S> on the position of the enemy con-
voy reported on 17 Mar. by radiogram 1731: at 0800 on 20 Mar.,
its position was li2°20' N, 13>° W, course south. A destroyer was
sighted at 2300 on 19 Mar. east of Terceira on southeasterly
course.
b.) by radiogram 11^3 on weather forecast for 20 Mar.
c.) by radiogram 1922 that the rendezvous with the de-
stroyers will be arranged in accordance with the results of daily
air reconnaissance to be made of the sea area west of Portugal up
to about 18° W, as from 20 Mar.
d.) by radiogram 2331 on the following sightings: at
ihOO German standard time, 2 vessels and 9 escorts at 1*2°20* N,
15°20! W, on course l80°, speed 12 knots; at 1500, a southbound
convoy of $$ vessels at U2°Lo' N, l5030f W, speed 8 knots; at 1500,
3 destroyers on course 210° at kl° N, 15° W. Comment: the convoy
is thus proceeding at a slower speed than was previously assumed.
All radiograms were sent in special code "Doggerbank."
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance by Air Commander, At-
lantic Coast, there were: at liiOO, 2 ships with 9 escort vessels
in CG 1958, course 180°, speed 12 knots; at 1$20, a convoy of 38
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20 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
ships with 11 escort vessels in CG lb 11, course 360°, speed 8
knots j at LUj5, a c envoy of 20 ships with 5 escort vessels in CG
U567, course 360°, speed 7 knots; at 1)i)i2, a convoy of 55 ships
with 9 escort vessels in CF 3337, course 180°, speed 8 knots; at
1505, 3 destroyers in CH lli78, course 210°.
According to an intelligence report of 17 Mar,, the Home Fleet
has been assembled in the Bristol Channel.
Another intelligence report, from Portugal, states that a convoy
with war material for North Africa is expected to leave ports on
the Bristol Channel between 29 and 31 Mar. Another convoy for
North Africa is expected to leave Glasgow on 6 Apr.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
Torpedo boat T "2" transferred from Royan to La Pallice.
The 8th Destroyer Flotilla has arrived on schedule in Le Verdon
and Royan roads preparatory to sailing to pick up the DOGGERBANK.
Channel Coast:
No special events.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Six ground mines were cleared, one by a minesweeping
plane, on convoy routes between Baltrum and Ameland. The steamer
HERAFLES (5,100 GRT), of the Elbe - Ems traffic, struck a ground
mine north of Borkum and put in there under her own power.
Escort and patrol services were carried out according to plan.
At 06l5, a Liberator flew over the area Borkum - Leer - Emden.
At Leer two houses were completely destroyed by bombs which also
caused other damage and casualties.
2. Norway, Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
Russian reconnaissance reported destroyers in And Fiord.
Air reconnaissance was observed only in the afternoon over the
northern North Sea and in the direction Skagerrak - Bergen. Two
planes of the Iceland squadrons were noted.
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20 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
According to information from the Finnish Military Attache in
Stockholm, there are lli ice-breakers in the area Murmansk - Kola
Peninsula - Archangel} the route to Archangel is to be kept open
the whole winter. The Russians are said to have sent strong rein-
forcements to the Rybachi Peninsula, Murmansk and Kandalaksha.
Own Situationt
On the morning of 18 Mar., 50 rounds were fired from the
Rybachi Peninsula, without effect, on the Petsamo Fiord entrance
and the battery area Cape Romanov and Nurmansetti. On 18 and 19
Mar., 15 bombs were dropped on Petsamo without causing any damage.
In the areas of the Arctic north and west coasts of Norway, 18
vessels were escorted north and 17 south.
Naval Staff has no objection to the transfer of gunboat K "3" to
Naval Command, Norway for the purpose of reinforcing the Arctic
coast escort forces. Naval Staff's order to the contrary has
been cancelled.
The formation of Commanding Admiral, Task Force carried out ex-
ercises in West Fiord according to plan. On the afternoon of 19
Mar., destroyer Z "31" and torpedo boats T "20" and T "21M left
Trondheim to transfer to Bogen Bay as planned. At 1300 on 19 Mar.,
the COBURG was in AB 3998. Rendezvous with submarine U "378" has
not yet been possible due to heavy ice. In the evening, submarine
U "703" was released from the patrol line and detached on ice re-
connaissance to the southwest up to 13° W. This longitude is to
be reached by 0800 on 2k Mar. Reports are to be transmitted at
0°, 7° and 13° W.
A patrol line of six submarines is to proceed southwest, passing
position line II, AB 7296 - 7969, at 2000 on 22 Mar.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The patrol lines in the Skagerrak and the Hanstholm gap were oc-
cupied by five patrol boats. Fifteen vessels and one minesweeping
plane were employed on channel sweeping in the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic. One of two British courier planes en
route to Sweden was shot down by a night fighter northeast of
Skagen and sank in 120 m. of water. At the request of Air Force,
Operations Staff, the Naval Salvage Command is investigating the
possibility of raising it. One ELM/j mine was cleared by a mine-
sweeping plane. Minelayer OSTMARK is en route to the south, mine-
layer SKAGERRAK to the north.
The Aarhus - Oslo leave transport has been delayed until 22 Mar.
due to lack of escort.
- 259 - CONFIDENTIAL
20 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENT HI,
The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping has expressed a wish
that the ban on merchant traffic through the Skagerrak by night,
which was established because of the blockade runners in Gothen-
burg, be lifted. Preliminary inquiries by Operations Division
have shown that this ban, by delaying the turnover of shipping,
is equivalent to the continuous laying-up of five of our ships,
totalling 15,000 GPT, capable of carrying 120,000 tons of cargo
per year to and from Norway, On the other hand, the DTCTO and
LIONEL represent a tonnage of 11,000 GRT. Operations Division
has called the Peich Commissioner's attention to the fact that
the lifting of the ban would affect the interests of naval war-
fare to a considerable extent and has asked for figures on the
advantages of lifting it.
The 1st Motor Minesweeper Flotilla carried out clearing operations
west of Memel. Netlayer MVIn with three net tenders and three
work boats is in Baltic Fort where also is the motor ship IKBEN.
Motor ship KAISFP. is at Libau. The 2lth Landing Flotilla is
transferring from Gdynia to Talinn.
There was only slight gunfire in Kronstadt Eay. Channels have
evidently been cut in Kronstadt harbor. During the night and in
the morning hours, enemy air activity was observed over Narva Bay,
Hungerturg and Tytersaari. The village of Lavansaari was attacked
by our planes. Two 17 cm Array batteries have been withdrawn from
the coastal area near Peterhof.
Commander in Chief, Air Force reported on 18 Mar. that, after re-
examination of the matter, he finds himself unable to modify his
views, as indicated on Ii Mar., in regard to the detachment of
fighter forces to protect the naval mining operations in the en-
tire Gulf of Finland. Group North has been advised accordingly.
In view of the importance of this decision which might cause seri-
ous setbacks in the execution of naval operations in the Gulf of
Finland, all the correspondence on this matter between Group North
and Commander in Chief, Air Force will be brought to the attention
of Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff, >Tavy. Group North
attitude in this matter, as set out on 19 Mar., also derives from
this new decision of Commander in Chief, Air Force.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
There was only slight air reconnaissance in the Bay of
Biscay up to the afternoon. Various reports from planes were
intercepted from the eastern North Atlantic, the area near Havana,
Haiti and Pernambuco.
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20 Mar. 19*43 CONFIDENTIAL
Brief Enemy Situation Report No, 1*A3 by Naval Intelligence Di-
vision contains information on the communique published on 16
Mar, by the Navy Department in Washington and the Air Ministry
and Admiralty in London on the conference between American,
British and Canadian officers of all branches of the Armed Forces
on anti-submarine measures. Copy of the report as per l/Skl
8809 A3 geh. in War Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situation."
The same report contains a Reuter account of the convoy battle in
the North Atlantic.
2. Own Situation;
The two convoy operations in the Atlantic have been con-
cluded. Some of the submarines have been formed into the new
Groups "Seewolf" and "Seeteufel" in the North Atlantic. "Seewolf",
with 18 boats, will be disposed from AK Ul79 to 3D 13h8 in order
to intercept a northeast bound convoy expected on 25 Mar. At 0800
on 22 Mar., Group "Seeteufel", with twelve boats, will await a
westbound convoy in patrol line from AD 8769 to AK 3867.
A large number (17) of the submarines of the former Groups "Raub-
graf", "Stuermer" and "Draenger", some of which have been supplied
by submarine U "^63", is on return passage.
Submarine IT "232" discontinued her operation against the south-
bound Gibraltar convoy. Submarine U "191" is to reconnoitre the
western ice limit in the Denmark Strait from AE 2233. The results
will be reported by 26 Mar. from the area south of the latitude of
AD 87. In addition, observations of air and sea patrols and lo-
cation findings will be reported. The boat has orders that her
presence must in no way be revealed and she is therefore forbidden
to attack any vessels except troop transports and warships from
cruisers upwards.
No action reports have been received from boats in the south.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Fart B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
Thirty-four planes of the 3rd Air Force were operating
in the west area and ten in the Mediterranean. Besides the
already reported reconnaissance results in the Eastern Atlantic
and the early morning attack on Leer by one plane, an afternoon
attack by 15> enemy planes on the railroad repair plant at Louvain
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20 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
is reported to have caused heavy damage. Slight damage was caused
at the Anvers airfield and to Army equipment plants and the rail-
road tracks in this area.
A supplementary report on the daylight attack on Vegesack states
that our fighters made very early contact, southwest of Heligoland,
with the enemy approaching in five waves. The fact that, even so,
only seven planes were shot down is attributed to the extraordi-
narily great fighting power of the attacking planes and their
skilful battle formation and tactics. The small daytime losses,
as compared with those suffered at night, suggest the possibility
that the enemy may shift his attack activities to the hours of
daylight, at least in coastal areas.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
The attack on Tripoli on the evening of 19 Mar. , during
which 72 LT 350 aerial torpedoes were dropped, is considered by
the Air Force General Staff to have been a great success. The
planes flew over the brightly lighted harbor with its numerous
illuminated vessels at an altitude of 200 meters. The enemy de-
fense was taken completely by surprise. It is probable that only
one plane was lost over the harbor.
Due to weather conditions, activities were limited on 20 Mar.
While out on convoy escort, our Me 109 fighter formation shot
down five planes of an approaching enemy formation. Enemy bombing
attacks were unsuccessful.
In comparison with the second half of December 19U2, the 2nd Air
Force has noted a considerable increase between 1-15 Mar. 19h3
in the number of enemy planes stationed in the vicinity of the
Tunisian front. The number of planes noted has risen from hl2 to
1,070.
3. Eastern Front:
The number of enemy planes shot down over the Army fronts
on 19 Mar. amounted to 66. The 5th Air Force reports that the
White Sea is free of ice with the exception of the Gulf of Kanda-
laksha and the Bays of Onega and Dwina. The Gorlo Strait is en-
tirely ice-bound from 56°30* N.
On the eastern front the enemy intensified his harassing attacks
on our railroad installations near the front and the attacks on
airfields. Partisan supply flights and some raids on our main de-
fense line were also carried out. Night attacks were concentrated
on the area of the Central Army Group.
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20 Mar, 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Our own Air Force is also gradually shifting its main attack to
targets in the enemy hinterland. Thus a slow resumption of oper-
ational aerial warfare is taking place. For some days, continuous
attacks on important enemy railroad junctions and armament plants
have been carried out. Near the front auxiliary planes are also
used for this purpose.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
According to an intelligence report from Spain from a
British source in Tangier, dated 19 Mar., a British Fleet for-
mation from England is expected to arrive in Gibraltar during the
night of 19 Mar. Together with naval forces already in Gibraltar,
the formation will reportedly put out during the night of 22 Mar.
to support landing operations on the Tunisian coast.
On the afternoon of 19 Mar., 3 U.S. LCT's left Gibraltar with 3
escort boats towards the Mediterranean. During the morning of 20
Mar., 3 destroyers and 1 corvette, 1 large transport and 2 British
auxiliary aircraft carriers with 1 destroyer, 2 corvettes and 1
escort vessel entered Gibraltar from the west. During the same
morning, 3 U.S. destroyers left the harbor towards the Atlantic.
According to an Italian report, there were 5 transports, 8 tankers
and U8 freighters in port on 19 Mar.
According to Italian radio intelligence, the heavy task force was
probably in the Oran area on 20 Mar.
Convoy traffic along the Algerian coast was normal. At 1125, our
air reconnaissance sighted 8 merchant vessels with 7 escorts on
easterly course northeast of Philippeville. At 1750, one of our
submarines spotted a westbound convoy 50 miles northwest of Cape
Tenes.
Incomplete reconnaissance of the coastal waters between Tobruk
and Cyrene was flown. At 0730, there was 1 freighter with 3 de-
stroyers and 1 escort vessel on westerly course 25 miles north-
northwest of Tobruk.
The intelligence substation at Athens reported on 19 Mar. that
there was no indication of unusually heavy shipping in Syrian -
Palestine harbors. Counter-inquiries also gave negative results.
Only the reports on the assembly of small vessels and the con-
struction and assembly of landing craft in Port Said and Alex-
andria have gained probability though nothing reliable is known
in the Naval Intelligence Office, Istanbul in regard to large-
scale concentration of landing craft.
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20 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. At 1730, Submarine U "380" reported a westbound convoy in
CH 8193.
Due to weather conditions, the six operational German FT boats in
Bizerta were not in action. During the night of 19 Mar., three
boats of the 6th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla left Bizerta to pick
up and provide anti-submarine escort for the convoy TOMASEO.
Submarine chasers "2201", "220U" and "2203", "2205" were on subma-
rine chase near Crotone and in the Capri area.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
At 1800, convoy TOMASEO entered Bizerta. During the
enemy attack already reported by the Air Force, only a few casu-
alties occurred. The return convoy ROSELLI is to sail from Bi-
zerta with two notorships on the night of 20 Mar.
On the evening of 19 Mar., German Naval Command, Tunisia reported
from Bizerta: "Port situation dead; no ships."
On 20 Mar., two destroyers landed German troops in Tunis. The
six missing naval landing craft entered Trapani on the morning of
20 Mar.
U. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
Convoys were delayed for 2\x hours on account of the
weather. Only one steamer entered Candia on schedule.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
No special reports have been received.
Own Situation:
Due to continuous bad weather, no minesweepers or FT
boats were sent out, nor could the Crimea convoys, Anapa trans-
ports or minesweeping be resumed.
The Kerch - Taman traffic was maintained to a limited extent until
10li5. Combined operations landing craft could operate only on the
short run between Yenikale and Kossa Chuchka which is sheltered
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20 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENT IAJ,
from the wind. About 2,200 persons, l,8l8 horses, 117 motorized
and U30 horse-drawn vehicles and other war material were ferried
across.
Since, in the future there will be no air transport of supplies
across the Strait of Kerch to the east, the Army Group has re-
quested that more supplies be carried to the east by the Navy,
Daily requirements are 200 tons for Kossa Chuchka, 300 tons for
Sennaya, UOO tons for Taman and 250 tons for Anapa, Engineering
equipment, lumber and rocks for the Taman airfield are also re-
quired. Due to the loading work necessary on the Kerch side, the
round trip for naval landing craft will be considerably prolonged
and the westbound transport capacity will diminish.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received,
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21 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
Items of Political Importance,
According to the United Press, a Turkish delegation arrived at
General Eisenhower's Headquarters on 19 Mar. for discussions with
the Allied Army Chiefs.
No other reports of any consequence have been received.
Special Items.
I. Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff has drawn up a
report on the enemy situation (the eastern front excepted) as at
mid-March. On the basis of information furnished by Naval Staff
and Army General Staff, the report states that the enemy's mili-
tary preparations to date are such as already to make possible
major landing operations. It is estimated that there are 8
armored divisions, 27 infantry divisions and 2-3 airborne di-
visions in Britain, most of which can be used for landings. Two
to three armored divisions and 12 - 13 infantry divisions are
available for a large-scale operation starting direct from North
America. The sea transport situation alone indicates that equip-
ment for an Army of 350,000 - 1*00,000 men can be shipped in the
3.ii million GRT of immediately available freight space. The
available troop transports (about 2.2 million GRT) are sufficient
for a like number of troops with personal equipment.
In French North Africa, there are estimated to be lli - 15 British
or U.S. infantry and armored divisions. There are also parts of
an airborne division and of five Free French divisions.
The bulk of the British 8th Army is for the time being tied down
on the Mareth position.
No sure proof has yet been obtained as to the objective of a land-
ing operation in the Mediterranean. A landing on the Italian
islands, Sardinia in particular, in support of the Tunisian attack
must be reckoned with. The reported concentration of airborne
troops in Malta may point to an operation against Sicily, A land-
ing on the south coast of France is considered unlikely, at least
without a prior occupation of Sardinia. At the moment, there are
no indications of operations against the Iberian Peninsula,
Spanish Morocco and the Balearic Islands. However, the danger of
an operation against Portugal, and especially against the Azores,
cannot be ignored.
In the Eastern Mediterranean, after withdrawal of the 8th Army,
it is estimated that there will be in the Egyptian - Syrian area
- 266 - CONFIDENTIAL
21 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
half an armored division, 2 infantry divisions, 2 brigades and
1-2 armored brigades; in the Levant, 3-6 infantry divisions,
1-2 independent brigades, 2-3 rifle brigades, 5-10 armored
battalions and 2 mixed U.S. brigades. This gives a total of
5-8 infantry divisions, 3-5 independent divisions, 2-5
rifle brigades, 7-12 armored battalions and 2 mixed U.S. bri-
gades. The fighting quality of these units is considered gener-
ally poor. No assembly of shipping in the Eastern Mediterranean
ports, particularly in Cyprus, has been noted. The construction
of landing craft, however, indicates plans for a later date. Be-
sides the Peloponnesos, the Island of Rhodes continues to be an
enticing objective for the enemy. It is the opinion of the Oper-
ations Staff of Armed Forces High Command that, as long as the
Sicilian Channel remains closed, large-scale operations in the
Eastern Mediterranean are highly improbable.
In Western Europe, the elimination of our submarine bases will
remain the enemy's most important objective. It is from this
point of view that all landing attempts in North and West France-
possibly with a diversion in Southern France - must be judged at
present. The intention to establish a second front on French
territory might take second place or follow only on a successful
landing for the destruction of the submarine bases. Therefore,
an operation against the Atlantic and Channel coasts must still
be reckoned with. Airborne troops would certainly be used. It
is noteworthy that, so far, aerial mines have not been dropped in
Seine Bay.
In Northern Europe, operations in Norway are still not to be ex-
cluded. The necessary special troops are being held in readiness
in the British Isles. Those sections of the coast which would
permit of the speediest penetration towards Sweden are possible
main targets of attack.
For the time being, the Danish coast can be regarded as threatened
only by local operations with limited objectives.
The Army General Staff's assessment of the general enemy situation
on the fronts under Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff,
which partly forms the basis for the latter 's report, is contained
in "Report on Enemy Situation, No. 6/1*3, Section Foreign Armies
West." Copy of this report, with comment by Naval Intelligence
Division, as per l/Skl 883U/U3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, "Enemy
Situation Reports, Naval Intelligence Division."
The General Staff's assessment of the overall situation corre-
sponds in general to that of Naval Staff. Naval Staff suspects
enemy plans for large-scale landings, most probably in Sicily /
Sardinia, as a part of the Tunisian campaign. If this plan is
- 267 - CONFIDENTIAL
21 Mar, 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
successful, supplies to Tunis will collapse and Tunis will thus
fall into the hands of the enemy. It is probable that landings
with, in the first place, limited objectives on the north and
south coasts of France may be made at the same time in order to
split up the Axis air forces.
From reports so far received, an enemy landing in the Aegean Sea
is less probable at the present time.
H. The disposition of destroyers and torpedo boats is outlined
in a note l/Skl I op 820/U3 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. d.
The following orders, based on this note^were issued to Groups
North and West, the Fleet and Commander, Destroyers on 19 Mar.:
1.) The transfer of destroyers from the west area to Norway,
as per order of 19 Feb. 1QU3^ will probably take place at the be-
ginning of April. Destroyer Z "25" will also move to Norway after
having been made operationally ready.
2.) Additional destroyers will be continually assigned to the
northern area as they come into operational readiness at home,
3.) After transfer of the destroyers to Norway as in 1.),
the JAGUAR and the GREIF will be transferred home at the earliest
opportunity ( return of the NUERNBERG) and subsequently to the
west area. Boats of the 3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla becoming oper-
ational, will be assigned to the north. Ultimate distribution of
torpedo boat flotillas as follows:
2nd, hth, 5th Torpedo Boat Flotillas west area.
3rd Torpedo Boat Flotilla north area.
III. Group North has concurred in the Fleet's suggestion that the
8th FT Boat Flotilla be withdrawn from the north area and proposes
that the Flotilla carry out operations from Kairr.erfest until the
end of April and then transfer to the west area. Naval Staff has
ruled as follows:
For the time being, the Fuehrer rejects the proposal of Com-
mander in Chief, Navy to withdraw the Btta FT Boat Flotilla from
Norway. This decision is based on the view that FT boats repre-
sent an essential strengthening of the defensive force in the
Bodoe - Narvik area which the Fuehrer does not yet deem it advisa-
ble to abandon. Group North's map exercise came to the same con-
clusion. In the area of Hammerfest PT boats cannot do justice to
this task, as from there, timely intervention in case of enerty
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21 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
landings cannot be guaranteed either in the Bodoe - Narvik area
or in the Kirkenes - Petsamo area. According to previous experi-
ence in northern waters, the prospect of operations against con-
voys is too limited. Therefore, the 8th PT Boat Flotilla will
remain in the area Bodoe - Narvik, with main base Bodoe.
Copy of corresponding teletype as per l/Skl 85h/lO Gkdos. Chefs,
in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
17. Order OKM/Skl Qu A I 5700/13 geh. on the evaluation of war
experiences and setting up of regulations as per l/Skl 8672/U3
geh. is contained in War Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
Drastic steps were necessary in this regard since, besides the
still valid tactical regulations, some of which are entirely obso-
lete, a large number of tactical orders, war experiences, leaflets,
instructions, etc., have been issued. This made it extremely
difficult to establish a clear view with regard to tactical princi-
ples. All administrative and operational commands concerned are
asked to cooperate with Quartermaster Division, Naval Staff in
working out the new Regulations for Naval Warfare.
Situation 21 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation;
Naval Staff has informed the DOGGERBANK;
a.) by radiogram 02l*8, on positions of neutrals on 3 7
and 18 Mar.
b.) by radiogram 1203, on weather situation.
c.) by radiogram 1251, on the position of the convoy
reported on 20 Mar. by radiogram 2331. According to radio de-
ciphering, it was at U3°20' N, 15° W, course 180°, speed six
knots, at 1537 on 20 Mar. According to dead reckoning, Naval
Staff expects the convoy to be at 39° N, 13° W at noon on 22
Mar. and at 37° N, 11° W at noon on 23 Mar. Naval Staff recom-
mends passing behind the convoy, if necessary evading to the
north.
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21 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
d.) by radiogram 1316, on further air reconnaissance
findings on 20 Mar.:
1.) at 1520. 38 vessels, 11 escorts, speed 8 knots,
course north, at 1*2° N, l56 W.
2.) at lkk59 20 vessels, 5 escorts, 3 destroyers,
speed 8 knots, course north, at 39° N, 13° W.
Due to strong air defense, our submarines will not attack these
convoys. After they pass, normal enemy air reconnaissance may
therefore be anticipated.
e.) At lh09 on 21 Mar., according to our air reconnais-
sance, there was a convoy of 50 vessels and 8 escorts, speed 8
knots, course 180°, at l0°10« N, 12°30' W. A second convoy of 2
ships with 10 escorts, course 160°, speed 18 - 23 knots, was at
38°25' N, 12° W at lUiO. (See radiogram 1803).
The REGENSBI7RG has been instructed, by radiogram 161*9 , that after
having met the submarine and delivered the reports specified in
the operational order, she is to proceed to point "Anton" arriving
not prior to 1800 on 26 Mar. The further route will be decided
on 26 Mar#
REGENSBUEG and KARIN have been advised that weather reports will
be issued daily for the area 58° - 69° N, 1*0° - 10° W. (See
radiogram 2019).
The Attache, Tokyo has been informed, by radiogram 2035, that
Commander in Chief, Navy approves the proposal on the change of
command for Ship "28". The order of Commander in Chief, Navy to
Ship "28", to be issued to the crew when the change of command
takes place, has been sent by radiogram 1002. Copy in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. I.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
At 1630 our air reconnaissance spotted a convoy of 1*0
merchant vessels with 3 destroyers and 5 escort vessels on course
due north about 320 miles west of Cape Ortegal and at lh09 a con-
voy of 58 merchant ships with 7 escort vessels, speed 8 knots,
course 180°, about 180 miles west of Oporto. The convoy was at-
tacked. At lWiO, 2 merchant vessels and 10 escorts on course l60°
were sighted and attacked 130 miles west of Lisbon.
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21 Mar, 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
2. Own Situation!
Atlantic Coast t
At 0100 on 19 Mar,, a French trawler was unsuccessfully
bombed and machine-gunned by enemy planes south of the Gironde
estuary.
Naval Group West has informed the Air Commander, Atlantic Coast
that Naval Staff estimates the position of the REIHER as approxi-
mately 37° N, 19°20« W at 1200 on 21 Mar. Her position at noon
on 22 Mar. is, therefore, expected to be approximately on the
line 39°30» N, 16© W - 37°50« N, 15° W.
Channel Coast:
Near Boulogne an EFA mine was cleared on 20 Mar., from
barrage "Herz 23U - 236", and on 19 Mar. three EFA mines and one
antenna mine.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
On 20 Mar. an ELM/J mine was cleared by a mine -exploding
vessel north of Spiekeroog. On 21 Mar. two ELM/J mines were
cleared southwest of Ijmuiden. During an air raid alert on 20
Mar., four men on minesweeper M "3200" were slightly wounded by
our own anti-aircraft fire. Escort and patrol services were
carried out according to plan.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, Russian reconnaissance
reported a westbound convoy, probably in Tana Fiord, and three
steamers and eight escort vessels sailing west to northwest, east
of North Cape. Air activity over the North Sea was brisk; six
planes of the Iceland squadrons were sighted.
According to photographic reconnaissance, there were 2 ice-breakers,
including the JOSEF STALIN, 12 steamers and 2 tankers for a total
of 8U,700 GRT in Kolotovsk harbor on 19 Mar.
At 1751 a submarine was sighted near Nordkyn.
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21 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
Own Situation:
Escort service was carried out according to plan. No
reports have been received from Admiral, Arctic Coast.
In regard to the 8th FT Boat Flotilla see "Special Items III."
In reply to inquiry, the BEITZEN has reported to Group North that
the condition of the destroyer's engines makes it possible for
her to operate until the end of April, so that her transfer to
the north can be carried out.
Admiral, Northern Waters reports that the exercises by Commanding
Admiral, Task Force in Ofot and West Fiords have been concluded.
Submarine U "378" picked up weather ship COBURG in AB 632U.
Submarine U "703" has reported the course of the ice border from
AB 5513 via 5518, 55U1, SShh, 5U66, 5169, 5U93, to 5U95 and
further west as far as U687.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
No special reports have been received from the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic.
While sweeping the "Wartburg" barrage, one EMC mine was cleared.
The 11th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla has been assigned to clear
the entrance to Talinn.
Group North reports that the Finns are not in favor of the Talinn-
Helsinki furlough traffic, since large transit camps have been es-
tablished in Turku and Hangoe. In view of the danger of floating
mines frozen in the ice, furlough traffic between Talinn and
Hangoe is not yet possible and, as long as operations "Walross"
and "Nashorn" continue, is undesirable. Furlough traffic on
Route 96 and on through the Finnish skerries is inadvisable for
nautical reasons on account of the size of the furlough steamers.
The Group, therefore, proposes that the direct route between
Talinn and Hangoe be used for furlough traffic as soon as the
planned channel has been created in cooperation with the Finns.
(See teletype lhOii).
Batteries at Seiskari fired on the area of Glinki without causing
damage. Our planes dropped 29 SC 50 bombs on the airfield and
village of Lavansaari. During the night of 20 Mar., there was
brisk enemy air activity over the western Gulf of Finland.
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21 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday-
Helsinki was attacked. On the morning of 21 Mar. enemy reconnais-
sance planes flew over the sea area of Talinn. Parts of the 2Uth
Landing Flotilla have entered Talinn.
Admiral, Baltic States had requested the 1st Air Force to attack
and destroy the base and port installations on Seiskari. The 1st
Air Force replied that an attack on Seiskari would entail dissi-
pation of the few available bomber forces and was not at present
justifiable. Moreover, Seiskari could be effectively destroyed
only by strong forces. The 1st Air Force proposed that the Baltic
reconnaissance squadron make additional harassing attacks on the
Seiskari harbor installations and on the supply traffic to the
islands.
Admiral, Baltic States thereupon repeated his request and proposed
that the port installations at Lavansaari and Seiskari be de-
stroyed and the great concentrations of shipping which are to be
expected there after the ice breaks up be attacked to the extent
consistent with the planes then available for such operations.
The Baltic reconnaissance squadron is already making continuous
bombing attacks on Lavansaari and Seiskari. However, results
have so far been limited, as the sights are not adjusted. Admiral,
Baltic States urgently requests that this be remedied.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Very active air reconnaissance with 5U planes was re-
ported in the Bay of Biscay.
2. Own Situation;
Chief, Naval Staff has expressed his thanks and ac-
knowledgment to the boats of Groups "Raubgraf" and "Stuermer" for
their action against the convoy which was the greatest success
achieved to date.
No special action reports have been received. Details are con-
tained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation" in War Diary,
Part B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
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21 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
The 3rd Air Force had h2 planes out on operation in the
west area and 12 in the Mediterranean. For reconnaissance re-
ports of Air Commander, Atlantic Coast, see "Situation West Area."
Enemy air raid activity was limited. Isolated planes were ob-
served over Bodoe and in the coastal areas of Narvik, Aalesund
and Egersund. Four courier planes flew through the Skagerrak to
Sweden and one to England.
In Western France a fighter-direction station and railroad instal-
lations near Morlaix were strafed on the night of 20 Mar.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
In regard to the successful action at Tripoli with type
"350" aerial torpedoes, photographic reconnaissance showed 1
steamer sunk, 2 steamers half submerged, 1 steamer burned out, 2
freighters and 1 escort vessel damaged.
Twenty-two dive bombers and 19 fighter-bombers were sent out
against enemy tank and motor vehicle concentrations in the Tu-
nisian area. In the area of the Mareth position, Ul bombers
were engaged in support of the Army defensive battles.
During the night of 21 Mar., 20 planes with type "350M aerial
torpedoes were sent out against the port of Algiers. During the
night of 20 Mar., enemy planes attacked port installations in the
Naples area. Only slight damage was done.
3. Eastern Front t
Over the Array fronts 36 enemy planes were shot down,
five of them by anti-aircraft fire. During the night of 19 Mar.,
Ghelenjik harbor was again mined with twelve aerial mines.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
At 1630 a convoy of 12 steamers and h tankers with 5 es-
cort vessels, coming from the Atlantic, passed Ceuta on course to
the Mediterranean. One of the steamers put in to Gibraltar. All
vessels carried full deck cargoes of plane fuselages. At 2313>
Ul large vessels, including probably 5 transports, passed Tangier
on easterly course. Shortly after midnight on 21 Mar., Ceuta re-
ported 8 large vessels, probably transports, with (presumably) 5
destroyers en route to the Mediterranean.
- 27U - CONFIDENTIAL
21 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
No reports have been received on the heavy task force. There was
little convoy traffic off the Algerian coast.
There was a submarine kO miles east of Palermo, About 2250, a
vessel, presumably a destroyer, and five torpedo boats on westerly
course were sighted 20 miles northeast of Gabes. These vessels
later fired on Gabes, The British Admiralty has announced the
loss of the destroyer LIGHTNING,
No special sighting reports have been received from the Eastern
Mediterranean,
2, Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. No action reports have been received from our submarines.
Flank escort for one of our convoys by PT boats and motor mine-
sweepers out of Bizerta on the evening of 21 Mar, had to be dis-
continued on account of bad weather. The Italian motor mine-
sweeper group carried out check sweeping according to plan. The
transfer to the Mediterranean of motor minesweepers R "3" and
R "U" began at Kiel on 20 Mar.
The Armistice Commission ( Navy), [prig, trans.: "Armistice Cora-
mission, Naval Officer, France "3 requests information as to
whether it is true, as stated by the Italian Admiralty, that,
under a decision of 18 Mar., the CHAMOIS, CURIEUSE, DEDAIGNEUSE
and IMPETUEUSE have been allotted to the Italian Navy and the
YSER, BALISTE and BATONNAISE to the German Navy, It is hardly
likely that BALISTE can be raised in the near future.
Naval Staff has replied that the statements correspond with the
agreements arrived at in the German- Italian discussions in Rome
on 18 Mar.
3, Sea Transport Situation:
War transports KT "5", KT "6" and KT »'13M put in to
Trapani at noon en route to Tunis.
The convoy of the motorships OMBRINA and MONTI with three torpedo
boats is en route from Naples to Bizerta, The steamer FOGGIA con-
tinued on towards Sousse from Trapani. She will be accompanied
by a second steamer as far as Pantellaria.
The convoy of the motorships ROSELLI and MANZONI, returning from
Bizerta to Naples, was attacked by enemy planes during the night
of 21 Mar, near Capri. Motorship MANZONI (U,200 GRT) was sunk by
aerial torpedoes and probably also bombs.
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21 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
An Italian naval landing craft became a total loss while en route
from Trapani to Bizerta due to an internal explosion.
A motorboat en route from Marsala to Tunis was lost by enemy
action. Details are not known.
Another vessel sailed from Marseilles to Italy. Thus three
vessels are now at sea on transfer.
In regard to the sinking of the tug CHRIB and the lighter LABIL-
LON on 13 Mar. between Marseilles and La Ciotat by enemy subma-
rine gunfire, Group West now reports that the crews consisted of
Frenchmen, some of whom were killed and wounded.
ii. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
Convoy service was again delayed on account of bad
weather. It is reported that the torpedo boat CALATAFIMI will be
non-operational for seven weeks.
Admiral, Aegean Sea reports that the Swedish steamer BARDALAND is
to sail from Salonika for Canada on 22 Mar., proceeding through
the Aegean as far as Cape Rosso from where, after meeting the
Swedish steamer FENRIS from Smyrna, the regular Mediterranean
routes will be followed. The ships will report their position
every four hours. For details see teletype 1135*
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
Four submarines were detected by radio intelligence in
the central and western parts of the Black Sea. No large vessels
were observed on 20 and 21 Mar. Air reconnaissance reported one
steamer on northwesterly course off Ochemchiri.
Own Situation:
Due to northeast wind, force 8-9, German and Italian
FT boats were not sent out. All convoy traffic and the Strait of
Kerch ferry traffic was discontinued.
At Novorossisk there was lively gunfire on both sides and brisk
enemy air activity, with high-explosive and incendiary bomb at-
tacks. The east harbor was fired on by the enemy. Five para-
chutists were captured north of Anapa; others temporarily escaped.
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21 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
According to prisoners* statements, orders were given to attack
demolition blocks with time fuses to naval landing craft in
Anapa and Taman.
Admiral Fricke took over his duties as Commanding Admiral, Naval
Group South,
VIII ♦Situation East Asia,
No special reports have been received.
IX. Army Situation.
The expected 8th Army attack on the Mareth position has begun.
The enemy scored preliminary successes against Italian units.
The situation is strained but well in hand.
- 277 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
Great Britaint
In a broadcast on 21 Mar. Churchill said:
"If, today, I turn from the progress of the war to deal with
some post-war problems and domestic matters, it is because I hope
in this way to simplify political differences and to make it
possible for all our political forces to devote themselves to the
main objectives."
On the war situation, Churchill declared:
"While speaking with every reservation, I can imagine that
some time next year - though it may just as well be the year
after that - we shall be able to beat Hitler. His defeat will be
the culminating point of the war; immediately thereafter, we must
turn to the overpowering of Japan. However, even after termi-
nation of the war in Europe, some demobilization would take place,
together with a regrouping of forces. It is at this moment that
the joint plans of the Allies for the shaping of post-war Europe
must come into effect under the leadership of the Great Powers
(British Empire, U.S.A. and Soviet Union). The guilty States must
then be permanently disarmed, the main culprits and their ac-
complices brought to justice, the conquered and occupied countries
given back their material resources and art treasures. To avoid
a general famine in the destroyed territories will be a very
difficult task.
"As to future organizations it is possible to imagine the
formation of a Council of Europe and a Council of Asia with the
aid of the United Nations and perhaps later of all the nations.
The first Council must take the form of a real union and must
create a High Court of Justice for the settlement of disputes.
The small nations must form groups of states so that the Council
of Europe would be built up of a Council of the Great Fowers and
of the State Unions."
For further contents of the speech see "Folitical Survey", No. 68,
Par. 2.
France :
According to the U.S. Information Bureau, the French naval authori-
ties in Washington have announced that 22 freighters and nine
passenger steamers totalling more than 200,000 GRT have joined the
Allied shipping pool under the French flag.
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22 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I, Quartermaster Genera] reported that Armed Forces High Command,
Operations Staff has rejected the request of Commanding General,
Armed Forces, West that protection of the Channel Islands be
transferred to the Navy.
II. Chief, Naval Staff had a conference with the Reichsrcarschall
on 21 Mar. mainly on the three following points:
1.) Construction of Siebel ferries: Assumption of Siebel
ferry construction by the Navy rejected.
2.) Attention was called to the necessity for joint action
against convoys in northern waters. Commitment of the forces of
the 5th Air Force in the northern area in agreement with the tasks
of naval warfare in that area*
3.) Long-range Atlantic reconnaissance: Chief, Naval Staff
gained the impression that Commander in Chief, Air Force has taken
all steps to set up long-range reconnaissance to the extent re-
quested by us. Among other things, Commander in Chief, Air Force
has ordered priority to be given to the Messerschmidt long-range
reconnaissance plane. Chief, Naval Staff does not intend to sub-
mit any further requests to Commander in Chief, Air Force as he
is of the opinion that everything possible is being done in that
direction at present.
In regard to the construction of Siebel ferries, the Minister for
Air and Commander in Chief, Air Force advised that Commanding
General, Armed Forces, South had demanded 100 Siebel ferries for
urgent operations in the Mediterranean. The Minister for Air
thereupon arranged with the Reich Commissioner of Maritime
Shipping and Staatsrat Blohm, without including the Navy:
1.) That construction of the i;0 Siebel ferries ordered by
the Air Force be continued by the Navy, the Air Force to give
every assistance that the Navy might require.
2.) That the Navy will construct an additional 60 Siebel
ferries, for which the Air Force will hand over its whole quota
of 13>500 tons of iron. This comprises about 5,500 tons for UO
ferries.
3.) That the Navy will also construct 70 naval landing craft
in the Mediterranean area with its own quota.
U.) That further desires concerning the construction of
Siebel ferries are to be addressed to High Command, Navy. Quotas
will be kept in readiness by High Command, Navy.
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22 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
These arrangements, which were immediately rejected by Chief,
Naval ( Ship) Construction Division, led Commander in Chief, Navy
to send a personal teletype to the Minister for Air and Commander
in Chief, Air Force, Field Marshal Milch, with copies to Command:
General, Armed Forces, South, the Adjutant's Office of the Reichs-
marschall, the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping and Staats-
rat Blohm in the following terms:
"I am not in a position to take over construction cf Siebel
ferries as I have not sufficient available manpower. If Siebel
ferry construction is to be continued, it must be done by the Air
Force. I would appreciate it if , concerning agreements on the
transfer of work to the Navy, representatives of the Navy were
also invited to participate.
In detail:
as to 1.) and 2.): According to agreements reached between
the representatives of Commander in Chief, Air Force and High
Command, Navy (conference with Quartermaster General, Naval Staff,
Admiral Krancke, on k Mar. 19U3) the Navy had declared itself
ready to take over the liO Siebel ferries ordered as in 1.) upon
their completion.
"It was agreed that construction would not be continued and
that the remaining quota of about 8,000 tons was to be placed at
the disposal of the Navy for small vessels for the Mediterranean.
as to 3.) : Agreed.
as to Lu): I request that the quota of 8,500 tons be al-
lotted to me. I ordered the construction of artillery motor
lighters as, unlike naval landing craft, these vessels can be
carried by train and can be constructed in Germany."
As previously reported, Commander in Chief, Navy also personally
presented this point of view to the Reichsmarschall on 21 Mar.
The matter will be followed up by ;u=rtermaster Division.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
III. Report of Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division:
a.) The Foreign Office has received new information on the
situation in Martinique. Using the supply of food stuffs as a
lever, the U.S.A. have renewed the request that the French vessels
be assigned to the South American trade in the service of American
shipping. Laval's proposal that German agreement be obtained has
been rejected - they would rather have the shirs destroyed. In
- 280 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
these circumstances, the continuation of negotiations, via the
French, with the Americans concerning the exchange of Lt. ( j.g.)
V.D. Borne no longer appear justifiable.
Chief, Naval Staff concurs. Details are contained in War Diary,
Part C, Vol, VIII.
b.) German Naval Command, Italy has submitted - as did
Italian High Command (see War Diary, 19 Mar.) - a summary of in-
structions from this office to the Italian Admiralty concerning
the commitment of German and Italian naval forces in case of an
enemy landing attempt on Sardinia. In addition to the points
already known, the following are mentioned: New disposition of
Italian Fleet forces, urgent completion of ex-French destroyers,
new disposition of Italian FT boats and assault craft and increase
in the number of special weapons.
German Naval Command comments that the restrictions ordered for
the employment of the Fleet forces clearly reveal knowledge of
Italian inadequacy and by encumbering the operations carry the
germ of failure. A possible transfer of our own FT boat flotillas
to Sardinia will not take place before the actual beginning of an
enemy action.
In the opinion of Naval Staff, the guiding tactical
principles laid down by the Italian High Command
may be considered fully justified, even though they
restrict freedom of action to some extent.
c.) In regard to the question of whether the Italian Ad-
miralty should be further pressed to strengthen the Sicily bar-
rages, Chief, Naval Staff has decided in the negative. The de-
stroyers must not now be withdrawn from their naval and troop
transport duties; the eastern barrages are actually of little
value and for the western barrages, new water depth soundings are
required.
d.) Commanding General, Armed Forces, Norway has been in-
structed by Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff to draw
up a study on the possible effects of a Swedish action on the
side of the enemy. Naval Staff has ordered Naval Command, Norway
to place the necessary material for this task at the disposal of
the Commanding General.
e«) Concerning the Fuehrer fs instruction to drop the Bale-
arics action as per memorandum in War Diary of 19 Mar.
f.) Commanding Admiral, Task Force has ordered that the
transfer of the Task Force to Alta should begin on the evening of
23 Mar.
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22 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
g.) In regard to the request of Group North/Fleet as to
operations by the 8th FT Boat Flotilla out of Hammerfest, as per
memorandum in War Diary of 21 Mar., Chief, Naval Staff decided on
the proposal of Naval Staff, that the Flotilla is to remain in
Bodoe, since the prospects of success are estimated as slight and,
by the Fuehrer's instruction, the Flotilla is committed to defense
against landings.
h.) Commanding Admiral, Group South expressed his views on
the report made by Commander, 30th Submarine Flotilla to Chief,
Naval Staff in regard to employment of the submarines in the
Black Sea, taking the opportunity to correct some erroneous state-
ments and comments made by the Commander of the Flotilla.
i.) The Naval Liaison Officer attached to High Command, Army,
Army General Staff will make a verbal report on plans in regard
to the eastern front. Execution of the old task "Nordlicht",
planned for the second half of the summer, is of importance to
the Navy. Units of the Uth Air Force have been withdrawn to the
north for defense against enemy thrusts on the Baltic coast.
k.) Copies of the German- Italian naval discussions and con-
ferences at the Fuehrer Headquarters are to be supplemented, with
regard to the conference on 18 Mar., by the permanent representa-
tive of Commander in Chief, Navy at the Fuehrer Headquarters. The
Fuehrer has approved the steel memorandum submitted to him by
Naval Staff and has passed it for information to Field Marshal von
Manstein.
Special Items.
I. In connection with intensification of the submarine program,
Operations Division has requested Quartermaster Division to in-
crease the construction of light naval forces. Copy of letter
1/Skl I op 8122/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Fart B, Vol. V.
II. A short evaluation of intelligence from 15 to 21 Feb., as
conference data for Chief, Naval Intelligence Division, has been
noted in War Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situation."
III. Chief, Naval Intelligence Division has drawn up basic princi-
ples on the ascertainment of transport tonnage and the necessary
covering vessels for landing operations. These have been issued
to the naval commands and Commanding Admirals, the Naval Liaison
Officers to other branches of the Armed Forces and to Armed Forces
High Command, Operations Staff and Foreign Affairs/intelligence
Division. Copy as per l/Skl 8553A3 geh. in War Diary, Part B,
Vol. V.
- 282 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Situation 22 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Energy Situation;
No special reports have been received.
2. Own Situation;
Naval Staff has informed the DOGGERBANK;
a.) by radiogram 1233: on weather conditions.
b.) by radiogram 1356: air reconnaissance sightings of
neutral ships on 20 Mar.
c.) by radiogram lShhi on the position, according to
dead reckoning^ of the large convoy reported which, at noon on 22
Mar., was at 37°30' N, 11°30' W, speed 7-8 knots; and on the
northbound convoy which will not obstruct DOGGERBANK and may turn
west to the U.S.A. on 39° N.
d.) by radiogram l6bl ; on positions of neutrals on 19
and 20 Mar., and finally
e.) by radiogram 1612: on the detection by our air re-
connaissance at 1300 of 2 light cruisers, 1 destroyer and 2
merchant vessels at U9 °U0 f N, 13°55f W, course 160°, high speed.
Weather report was sent to the REGENSBURG and KARIN by radiogram
20ii8.
The PIETRO 0RSE0L0 has been instructed as follows by radiogram
1205:
1.) Proceed so as to reach point "Venezia" not earlier than
26 Mar. From this point proceed via new points "Antonio" and
"Benito."
2.) "Antonio" is U0f to the north and l8°20' to the east of
"Venezia." "Benito" is 2O20» to the north and 23° to the east of
"Venezia."
3«) From point "Venezia" proceed at high speed so as to
reach point "Benito" at about 1500 German standard time on the
appointed day. There you will be met by three or four destroyers
which will bring instructions for your further passage.
- 283 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
km) In case the rendezvous with the destroyers does not ma-
terialize, continue to a point l^O1 to the north and U° to the
east of point "Benito ." From there, make course to Cape Crtegal
and proceed eastwards inside territorial waters.
Radiogram 0008 has been sent to Ship "28" for the new Commander,
Captain Gumprich:
1.) Greetings from Naval Staff upon assumption of command.
2.) You are ordered to establish time required in dock and
then to report plans and hold preliminary discussions on them
with the Japanese. Naval Staff thinks that operations in the
Pacific Ocean should be successful but adequate data is not
available. An operation of six to eight months' duration is
planned. Whether it will be possible to return home next winter
cannot yet be foreseen. Naval Staff will endeavour to bring back
Ship "28" in Nov. /Dec. 19li3. Copy of radiogram as per l/Skl I k
867 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to our air reconnaissance, there were 2 small
cruisers, 1 destroyer and 2 merchant vessels proceeding at high
speed on course 160° at Jj9°IiO' N, 13°55' W, at 1309.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
On 21 Mar. one ELM/j mine was cleared off Lorient by a
minesweeping plane. On 20 Mar. there were 50 fishing vessels at
sea in the northern area and 131 in the southern area. About $0
to 80 enemy planes attacked St. Nazaire between 2115 and 2235.
Cables were damaged. The tanker HERMANN v. SALZEN was set on
fire and the dry dock was heavily damaged. One tug received a
direct hit. Workers' quarters were burnt out. Part of the passen-
ger railroad station is on fire. The locks were not damaged. Two
planes were shot down.
Channel Coast:
No special events.
- 28U - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters,
1. North Seat
The Elbe - Hook convoy repulsed three PT boat attacks.
The Hook - Elbe convoy put in to Helder during the night. One
steamer was damaged in the roads by collision. Minesweeping was
partially hampered by bad weather. The patrol positions "Worms"
and "Mainz" were united at position "Mainz" off Terschelling in
view of FT boat danger.
At lli08, two enemy bomber formations with 80 to 100 machines flew
over the coast north of Terschelling, and from ll*59 to 1513 at-
tacked Wilhelmshaven from the southwest in three waves at an alti-
tude of 7,000 - 8,000 m.
Naval anti-aircraft guns definitely shot down one plane over the
Jade and probably a second one.
Damage in Wilhelmshaven, both to the city and the dock area, was
severe. For details see "Daily Situation" and teletypes 1855 and
20h0.
North Sea Station has requested that the HIPPER and SCHEER be
withdrawn.
It will be difficult to accommodate these vessels
elsewhere without endangering other essential
installations or vessels. The matter will be
investigated by Quartermaster Division.
Naval anti-aircraft guns kept up fire against eight enemy planes
near Scheveningen from 135U to lli02 and observed hits. At LU50
the 1st Squadron, 201st Group in Camperduin was bombed and strafed
with some casualties.
Since it is not possible to employ the 1st Shipborne Squadron,
196th Group in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North,
Group North has forwarded a request from North Sea Station that,
in special cases, planes be made available for coastal defense,
in case of enemy landings, enemy mine laying operations, etc.
2, Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, a Russian plane reported
one of our westbound convoys in the area of Sylte Fiord. At 1800
Rosyth informed naval vessels that exercise "Hermann" would start
at 2000.
- 285 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Photographic reconnaissance of Scapa at 1710 from an altitude of
10,000 m showed: between Flotta and Fara, 2 battleships, 3 heavy
cruisers, 1 light cruiser, 15 (probable) barges; north of Cava, 1
destroyer; in Scapa Bay, 1 destroyer; between Fara and Hoy, 15
destroyers, 1 destroyer depot-ship, 1 floating dock, 1 freighter
(5,000 GRT); in the southern part of Wide Firth, 10 coastal
steamers; off Long Hope, the IREN (IRON?, Tr. N.), DUKE and 5
steamers. In three other sections no vessels could be detected.
From this it may be concluded that there is no
unusual amount of merchant vessels or transports.
Own Situation:
Ice reconnaissance by the 5th Air Force revealed light
drift ice south of Bear Island; on the northwest coast of the
island, the ice seems to be dispersing considerably. From Bear
Island to South Cape there is heavy pack ice. On the west coast
of Spitsbergen there is a zone of drift ice about 15 km wide.
The entrances to Bell Sound and Ice Fiord are free of ice.
At 1752 on 21 Mar., one of our convoys near Nordkyn was attacked
by an enemy submarine which fired six misses, and at 1000 on 22
Mar., there was a submarine attack northwest of Tanahorn with two
torpedoes which missed. Submarine chase has started at both
places. At OliOO On 22 Mar., enemy planes in the Aalesund area
dropped four bombs on the northern roads without damaging any
vessels. Escort service was carried out according to plan. At
0130 the COBURG was released from anti-submarine escort in the
Lopphavct declared area.
All times have been advanced two hours for Operation "Silesia."
Naval Command, Norway considers it urgently necessary to seal off
Kamoey Fiord by a mine barrage, since even after the planned es-
tablishment of a 10.5 cm Army coastal battery near Nordmannsset,
the protection of Mageroey will be inadequate. For details, see
teletype 1150.
Group North has informed Naval Staff of its proposal to Naval Com-
mand, Norway that the entrance at Fugloey be blocked by a barrage,
as Commanding Admiral, Task Force and the Fleet do not approve
barrages "FS 1-2." (See teletype 17U3).
Group North has ordered the immediate transfer of BEITZEN to
Narvik and then to Alta, and has authorized her to operate in
northern waters until the date of NUERNBERG'S return trip about
the end of April.
Naval Staff's decision in regard to the objections of Commander,
- 286 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Destroyers to the re -employment of BEITZEN, on which the above
instructions of Group North are based, is outlined in order l/Skl
I op 853/U3 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy of note and corresponding tele-
type to the Fleet, Commander, Destroyers and Group North in War
Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
No special reports have been received from the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, Baltic.
Off Tallinn and Surop the 11th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla cleared
one Russian L 2 mine. Further sweeping of the "Wartburg" barrage
was carried out.
Our battery positions in the Glinki area came under fire from
Seiskari. Slight material damage and casualties were caused.
Our air attacks were again directed against Lavansaari. During
the night of 21 Mar. there was considerable enemy air activity
over the western part of the Gulf of Finland, bombs being dropped
in the coastal area. No damage was caused.
Group North has forwarded the result of the conference between
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic and the 1st Air Force on 20 Mar.:
1.) Fighter cover will be assigned for net-laying operations.
The !fst Air Force will assign a signals officer for fighter com-
munication.
2.) Plans for "Froschlaich" have been completed. Date not
yet fixed. Target areas "A" and "B", U00 mines each; "F", 200
mines; before beginning operation, the commander of the mine-
laying formation will call on Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic to
discuss the setting of the mines.
3.) Heavy air attacks on the Leningrad yards, with submarines
as main targets, may be made but are not yet definite.
U.) "Walfang" preparations are being made with one German
and one Finnish base as last year.
5.) Squadron "Buschmann" is to receive from the 1st Air Force
twelve Arado 196 planes to be flown by Esthonians. Eastward re-
connaissance limit will be extended to the line Seiskari - Cape
Kolgampya. The Squadron is to cooperate with Commander, Mine-
sweepers, Baltic, according to whose orders reconnaissance is to
be flown.
- 287 - CONFIDENTIAL
Map. 19!i3 CONFIDE >TTIAL
6.) The 1st Air Force desires that a \'aval Liaison Officer
be assigned as scon as possible. The Air Force Personnel De-
partment has not so far appointed an Air Force Liaison Officer to
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic.
7.) The tactical operations by bobbers and fighters will be
ordered by the 1st Air Commander, Colonel Rieckhoff . One radio
detachment each will be allotted to the 1st Air Force and to the
1st Air Commander.
8.) Support by means of nuisance raids will be furnished for
.-.ine laying operations if forces are available.
9.) The linit between the German and Finnish air zones nay
be crossed in conbat operations. If known, the 1st Air Force will
be informed by Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic.
10.)"Froschlaich" target areas will be controlled by German
and Finnish coastal observation posts.
Group North requests immediate assignment of a Naval Liaison
Officer to the 1st Air Force and of an Air Force Liaison Officer
to Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic and that heavy air attacks on
Leningrad and Kronstadt be again demanded of Commander in Chief,
Air Force, Operations Staff.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Great air reconnaissance activity in the Bay of Biscay
with 55 planes. In the evening, Freetown repeated an SOS call
from a position 2P0 miles south of Cape Falmas (Liberia). It may
be a successful Italian action.
2. Own Situation:
No special action reports have been received from the
submarine groups in the Atlantic.
Submarine U "l6l" has been detached for the rendezvous with
PIETRO ORSEOLO in CD 3733 on 26 Mar. The submarine is to report
on the condition of the vessel and other important details from a
position 150 miles west of the rendezvous.
Section "D" of Route "Anton" has been temporarily opened for at-
tack on unaccompanied vessels until 2li Mar.
- 288 - CONFIDENTIAL
22 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation"
in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
Thirty-nine planes of the 3rd Air Force were sent out
against England and Lu were on operation in the Mediterranean.
In the North Sea, west of k° E, three Danish fishing cutters were
again sighted on westerly course.
The Air Force so far reports four enemy planes shot down in the
attack on Wilhelmshaven. What was obviously the same enemy for-
mation attacked Masslouis without causing special damage. In re-
gard to the evening attack on St. Nazaire, see "Situation West
Area."
2. Mediterranean Theater;
No report has yet come in on the results of the operation
against Algiers. Our planes were heavily committed in support of
the Army in the Tunisian area. Eight enemy planes were shot down.
About lhOO, Palermo was attacked by 2\x four-engined enemy planes.
Two planes were shot down by anti-aircraft fire. Damage reports
have not yet been received. During the night of 22 Mar., small
enemy air forces attacked Naples.
3. Eastern Front;
The only report received from the 5th Air Force is the
result of the photographic reconnaissance of Scapa. (See "Situ-
ation Norway").
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
The report from Intelligence Center, Spain on the sighting
of Ul eastbound vessels on the evening of 21 Mar. near Tangier,
has been corrected. There were only about 11 large vessels. A
British auxiliary cruiser from this convoy put in to Gibraltar.
During the night of 21 Mar., a cruiser of the FIJI class left
Gibraltar, direction unknown. On the morning of 22 Mar., a convoy
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22 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
of 18 steamers with 3 escort vessels entered Gibraltar from the
Mediterranean. Torpedo nets were laid as far as ten miles south-
east of Europa Point. One side of the net was hoisted within two
minutes. The number of vessels in port at Gibraltar could not be
definitely established due to poor visibility.
Italian radio intelligence reports that the RODNEY and NELSON and
one carrier are at sea, probably as cover for convoys coming
from the west. During the course of the day, our air reconnais-
sance detected three eastbound convoys, one consisting of 12 and
the other two of 7 vessels each.
Submarines were reported near Cape Gallo and near Messina.
Photographic reconnaissance of Tripoli shows, besides the results
of the air attack already reported, one 10,000 GRT steamer, 3
7,000 GRT steamers and 3 smaller steamers in the port. Off the
harbor, 1 large and h small steamers, 13 landing craft and 1
submarine were spotted. An ARETHUSA class cruiser and two de-
stroyers, on course I1O0, were sighted by our air reconnaissance
off Benghasi on 22 Mar. One steamer was north of Derna and two
escort vessels northwest of Tobruk, all sailing east.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. New operational areas in CH 82, 83, 75 and 76 have been
assigned to our submarines in the Western Mediterranean. No
action reports have been received.
FT boats and motor minesweepers were not sent out. On 20 Mar.,
the Italians swept and secured four mines from the known enemy
barrage southeast of Marettimo and cleared two further mines on
21 Mar. east of Bizerta. Submarine-chasers "2203" and "2207"
arrived at Naples. At 1600, a heavy enemy air attack was made on
the port and town of Palermo. Details have not yet been received.
The Arsenal Commander, Toulon has reported that between 5 Dec.
19 1*2 and 15 Mar. 19 1*3 Naval Construction Office, Toulon salvaged
30 vessels, including h submarines, 2 submarine-chasers, 1 gun-
boat, 1 patrol boat and some tugs.
3« Sea Transport Situation:
The convoy OMBRINA -MONTI, which was unsuccessfully at-
tacked by torpedo bombers on the night of 21 Mar. east of Cape
Carbonara, was again attacked at lUOO, 18 miles east of Bizerta,
by a strong enemy bomber formation. Motorship MONTI (3>200 GRT)
was sunk and the OMBRINA was damaged, possibly by mines, but
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22 Mar, 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
continued her passage and put in to Bizerta.at 1800. With the
MONTI, German cargo comprising 36I4 tons of fuei and mixed cargo,
8 motor vehicles and 11 guns was lost. At 1510 on 21 Mar,, the
tanker GIORGIO (U,U87 GRT) was sunk by an enemy submarine UO
miles east of Palermo. Three destroyers landed German troops in
Tunis. In the afternoon war transports KT "5", KT "6" and KT "13"
entered Tunis. In the afternoon the steamer FOGGIA arrived at
Sousse from Trapani. Motorship ROSELLI reached Naples from Bi-
zerta during the night of 21 Mar.
It is now reported that at 2100 a plane crashed on a motor boat
en route to Marsalla from Tunis and sank her. Traffic by small
vessels between Sicily and Tunisia proceeded according to plan
on 22 Mar.
lu Area Naval Group Southt
Aegean Sea:
Two Italian FT boats ran aground on 21 Mar. near Palaeo-
Chora. The Swedish supply ship BARDALAND left Salonika for Canada.
Convoys were again delayed on account of bad weather.
The first ex-French merchant vessel assigned to the Black Sea
area, the steamer BIRGIT (1,971 GRT), arrived at Istanbul on 20
Mar, and is awaiting escort.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, there was little
shipping off the east coast.
Own Situation;
An unsuccessful submarine attack, with four misses, was
made on three naval landing craft at anchor off Cape Chauda. The
submarine, which surfaced after the attack, was fired upon. One
hit was observed. The spot where the submarine submerged was
depth charged. No success was observed.
Owing to bad weather, no German or Italian PT boats were sent out
during the night of 22 Mar. In the afternoon, three naval landing
craft left Kerch for the 9th Anapa transport.
As the wind had dropped, ferry traffic to Taman and the fish
salting plant was resumed by 22 naval landing craft, but had to
be stopped again at l600 because of rough seas at Taman. A
lighter off Taman was set on fire by a low-level enemy attack.
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22 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The cargo of ammunition exploded. Seven men were killed. An oil
barge was damaged. Naval landing craft supply traffic concen-
trated mainly on transport to the east. In this direction 1,721
soldiers, various vehicles, l,26Ii tons of supplies and U6l tons
of ammunition were transferred. About 2,200 persons, 1,138
horses, lliO motorized and 752 horse-drawn vehicles were ferried
over to the west.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
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23 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
According to agency reports from Washington, Eden's visit has led
to the unification of Anglo-Saxon policy towards France. Both
Governments will support Giraud's military leadership as a basis
for the unity it is hoped to achieve, De Gaulle's cooperation is
welcomed; however, he has been told that attempts to establish
himself as the sole leader of the French would not be supported.
The U.S. press has expressed apprehension in regard to the in-
clusion of Russia in the task of the new organization of Europe.
Canadians of French descent have obtained exemption from mobili-
zation for operations outside Canada.
In Turkey, the transfer of the Greek Government in Exile from
London to Cairo is regarded as an indication of imminent actions
in the Eastern Mediterranean. It is recalled that the Negus too
was brought to East Africa when the British offensive against
Abyssinia was opened.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Discussion on the intensification of the submarine program.
Requirements made so far for dockyard and works capacity and for
quotas have been based on a monthly production of 25 submarines.
According to the statements of Naval ( Ship) Construction Division,
this target will be reached in the course of the year 19^3, and,
in addition, the construction of type XX transport submarines
will be increased to a monthly delivery of three boats. The change
to type VII C \x2 will entail an additional burden on the dockyards
owing to increase in the day's work by 20 to 30^.
For the purpose of examining the possibility of a further in-
crease, Naval (Ship) Construction Division proposes to start from
the following basis:
Attempts must be made to achieve an average completion of 27
submarines per month by the end of 19b3»
In the first half of 19UU attempts must be made to maintain this
performance in spite of the production of type XX and the change-
over to type VII C U2.
From August 19 kh the delivery of type XX boats will begin and, in
addition, attempts must be made to achieve a monthly production
of 27 boats in the second half of 19hh and the first half of 19U5.
In the second half of the year, completion can gradually be in-
creased to an average of 30 boats as the type XX program, at
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\
I
23 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
present scheduled for J6 boats, decreases. In 19 U6 a monthly
completion of 30 boats would then be maintained. Within this
submarine program, Naval Staff has requested production of three
torpedo boats and 2li minesweepers (three flotillas) per year.
( See War Diary, 22 Mar. ) This request is an addition to the
minimum emergency requirement of light naval forces as ac-
knowledged in May 19 U2.
On this basis, the Bureau of Naval Armament has calculated that
the increased demand for German labor as the program develops
will amount, in the course of time, to 3,000 for new construction
and 8,000 for repairs. This is on the assumption that (after de-
ducting a certain loss quota) an increase of 60^ in the submarines
always on operation will produce a maximum of simultaneous repair
requirements for 180 boats, equivalent to 1x0% of the operational
establishment. This calculation also takes into account an in-
crease of bunkers by lli3 new constructions in the west area and
38 in Norway.
The premise for this calculation is the elimination of the present
deficit of 11,000 workers.
In regard to raw materials, here also the existing deficit of
15,000 tons of iron per month for ship construction must be filled.
Requirements of this material for the above planned programs
amount to 10,000 tons per month ( U,200 tons for submarines, 6,000
tons for torpedo boats and minesweepers). Requirements of iron
for torpedo tubes and torpedoes are relatively small. A special
bottle neck, however, is lead, stocks of which are swiftly ex-
hausted.
Besides the program set forth above, it is, at the same time,
urgently necessary to see that imperative demands in connection
with the protection of transports in the Tunisian traffic, Norway,
and the Channel are fulfilled. In view of the experiences in the
Africa supply service and the incalculable consequences which
would result from interruption of the Mediterranean or Norwegian
supplies, no more time must be lost. Provision of the vessels
which are indispensable for these tasks is of the highest im-
portance. Quartermaster Division, therefore, demands 15,000 tons
of naval construction iron per month for additional new con-
struction of 70 naval landing craft and 30 multi-purpose boats
per quarter.
This gives, therefore, a total requirement of ii0,000 tons of iron
for naval construction per month*, to be authorized by Minister
Speer.
Commander in Chief, Navy has decided that the above demands in
regard to labor and iron should be made. Furthermore, equal
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23 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
priority for submarine construction and tank production and the
required amount of 28,000 tons of construction iron for the
second quarter of 19^3 (see War Diary, 20 Mar.) are to be re-
quested.
A conference with Minister Speer was held on the same day. The
demanded assignment of a number to the submarine program, i.e.,
equality of submarine construction and the tank program, was
granted. On the matter of labor, the Minister expressed himself
favorably. 20,000 tons of construction iron were granted; covering
of the remaining 8,000 tons is being examined. The Fuehrer will
be approached at an early date, by means of a joint report from
Commander in Chief, Navy and Minister Speer, in regard to the
requirement of liO,000 tons of naval construction iron per month.
Chief, Naval Staff is determined to intensify not only the subma-
rine program, but also the program for patrol and escort vessels.
He is convinced that the Fuehrer will fully comprehend the anxiety
over the threat of a catastrophe in the matter of supplies.
For the report to the Fuehrer, Naval Staff is instructed to pre-
pare text and charts of all sea transport and supply commitments,
such as to comprise and substantiate all demands that will arise
;ind must be met in connection with the Navy's escort tasks.
II. On 17 Mar., Group North / Commanding Admiral, Fleet submitted,
for information, instructions issued to Commanding Admiral, Task
Force, Admiral, Northern Waters and the 5th Air Force for oper-
ations in the northern area, with copies to the Fleet, Naval Com-
mand, Norway and Commander, Destroyers. Copy as per l/Skl 827A3
Gkdos. Chefs, in Files l/Skl I op VIII, 1, Vol. 3, page 166/186.
Chief, Naval Staff and Naval Staff agree that, on the decisive
matter of the combat functions of the naval forces, this in-
struction does not conform with the intentions unmistakably ex-
pressed in Naval Staff's order in regard to surface force oper-
ations issued on 19 Feb. 19 U3 and the supplementary order of 10
Mar. 19U3. In accordance with these orders and on the basis of
oral instructions given by Chief, Naval Staff to Commanding Ad-
miral, Fleet, Commanding Admiral, Task Force and Admiral, Northern
Waters, there was no longer expected to be any doubt that the
primary task of the Fleet forces in the northern area was, at
present, to be to seek combat against enemy traffic to Russia and
that this function was not to be overshadowed or prejudiced by the
secondary one of defense against possible enemy landings.
It is disappointing to find that Group North's instructions, on
the other hand, envisage the protection of Norway and Northern
Finland from enemy landings as the primary task and support of
submarines and the Air Force in operations against enemy shipping
in northern waters, when these begin, as only secondary.
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23 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Chief, Naval Staff has ordered that Group North be instructed to
supplement or correct its instructions to conform with Naval
Staff's views.
III. Chief, Operations Division reports that German Naval Command,
Italy has requested that the destroyer HERMES be withdrawn from
the Aegean Sea and assigned to the Tunisian patrol and escort
service. This request can be granted only if the destroyer can
be replaced by one or two Italian destroyers or torpedo boats.
Chief, Naval Staff concurs. Admiral Ruge is charged with clearing
up the question of replacement with the Italian Admiralty.
According to further information from Admiral Ruge, the equipment
of Italian destroyers and torpedo boats with German anti-aircraft
guns, particularly 2 cm four-barreled guns, is an urgent necessity,
Chief, Naval Staff has ordered that everything be done to meet
this demand, even at the expense of the weapons promised to the
Spanish Navy. However undesirable it nay be as regards the
Spaniards, the Spanish deliveries of 2 cm four-barreled guns will
have to be delayed and, possibly, compensated for by an increased
number of 3i7 em anti-aircraft guns taken from the submarines.
Special Items.
I. North Sea Station has reported that, according to Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, North, out of the 699 mines of West Wall bar-
rages "6", "7", "8" and 560 mines of barrages "9", "10", "11"
laid in July 19 Ii2, hS and 91 respectively have been washed ashore
in the last 2-3 months alone. Numerous other EMC mines have
doubtless drifted ashore from the Southwest Wall barrages. Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North has therefore proposed that the
existing barrages be extended by additional barrages ( "SW 15-17" )•
North Sea Station Command requests basic approval of the plan and
estimates the number of mines required as 1372 for barrages "SW
12-17" and 1297 for barrages "lie", "5b", "9a", and "ilia". It is
planned to use EMC and UMB type mines with various anti-sweeping
devices and plentiful explosive and cutting floats. In view of
the danger of landings which, the Station feels, threatens the
southern part of the Dutch coast, it has requested that the mines
required for barrages "SW 12-17" be prepared.
Naval Staff has decided that, due to shortage of material, it is
not at present possible to fix the mines for the entire plan and
has given general approval for barrages "liia", "SW 12" and "13"
as, in assessing the landing threat, these appear the most urgent.
Group West has been advised that barrages "SW 12" and "13" are
approved and has been requested to submit proposals for reinforce-
ment to be continued to the southwest.
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23 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II. Instructions to Group South in regard to the proposal of the
Naval Attache, Istanbul have been forwarded by teletype l/Skl II
8802/U3 geh. Copy in War Diary, Fart C, Vol. IX. The Naval
Attache suggested that the steamers to be transferred to the
Black Sea be loaded with chromium ore.
III. The examination made by Operations Division, as promised by
Chief, Naval Staff during the German/Italian naval discussions in
Rome, as to the possibility of delivering to the Italians an ad-
ditional 18,000 tons of fuel oil for Fleet operations in case of
a landing on Sardinia, again showed that 11,500 tons, over and
above current deliveries could be provided for immediate shipment
on the following conditions (which, however, are impracticable):
a.) Abandonment of the plans for transfer of light forces in
April.
b.) Curtailment of operations by naval forces in Norway
during the first half of April.
c.) Abandonment of project to bring fuel oil stocks in Norway
up to security standard of 25,000 tons.
On the basis of this report, Chief, Naval Staff has decided that
any additional delivery of fuel oil to Italy is out of the
question since the above conditions cannot be accepted.
Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff had already received
a similar report some days ago. The new examination was made in
order to exhaust all possibilities of support by the German Navy
in view of the strained situation in Tunisia.
Naval Staff assumes that Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff has forwarded a corresponding report to the Italian Admi-
ralty.
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff has ordered that the advisability of
distributing the oil for Norway among several tankers be investi-
gated.
17. The Naval Attache', Rome has forwarded the following extracts
from a report by the Italian Naval Attache, Lisbon on an inter-
view with a well-informed member of the Spanish Embassy in London:
1.) It is the generally held opinion in authoritative circles
in London that the war is already won. They are less optimistic
in regard to its duration and think it may be long. However, it
is the general conviction that, from the political as well as the
military aspect, time is on the side, if not of the Allies, at
least of Great Britain.
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23 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
2.) Food Situation: There is certainly no abundance, but
the rations are quite adequate for the normal daily need.
3.) The submarine war is the topic of the day. The general
tendency is one of confidence that the Admiralty will find suf-
ficient and effective means for successfully combating German
submarines and that new American shipbuilding will gradually out-
step the loss of merchant vessels.
Um) Anglo-American relations:
A certain embarrassment is evident in regard to British
relations with the U.S.A. Little satisfaction is derived from
the American argumentation which clearly gives to understand that:
a.) It was solely thanks to American help that
Great Britain came through the years 19U0/Ul.
b.) The present prospect of an Allied victory is 90 £
due to the American war effort. As a whole, however, the present
lack of harmony is of no great import. The conviction prevails
that, at the proper moment, expert British diplomacy will succeed
in gaining the upper hand of the diplomatically inexperienced
Americans, British policy will not attempt to handle all the
political "dynamite" until the Peace Conference is held.
5.) Anglo-Russian relations:
With the increasing successes of the Red Army, a certain
apprehension has arisen that the Bolshevist threat, as a political
and world doctrine, is getting uncomfortably near to Great Britain.
It is felt, however, that Bolshevism has turned over a new leaf
and has lost much of its seductive poison and that nowadays it is
much more moderate than it was. Proof of this is seen in the fact
that many ex-Czarist officers who had been living in England have
recently joined the Red Army. On the other hand, Russia's mili-
tary efforts to expand her power towards the west arouse the fear
that she might emerge from the war as the most powerful nation in
Europe. This would undermine the British idea of "Great Britain
as a factor of safety for Europe." Churchill, however, discards
such ideas with the remark: First win the war, then - perhaps -
discuss it.
Russia is not in favor of a British infiltration in the Balkans.
On the other hand, Great Britain would like, when the time comes,
to use Turkey as a jumping-off base for her own plans in the
Balkans. The right moment for this would be if the Russian mili-
tary successes in the east were to assume a "revolutionary charac-
ter." With respect to this British policy in the southeast,
Churchill is satisfied with Turkey's present attitude. Turkey
has been chosen to act some day as a "parachute."
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23 Mar. 1^3 CONFIDENTIAL
6.) Anglo-French relations;
On the basis of the unfortunate experiences of recent
months, it has become the conviction that neither with de Gaulle
nor with Giraud can a situation such as Great Britain would like
be restored in France. De Gaulle's aspiration to be treated as
Fngland's equal is not regarded with favor, Giraud is certainly
held in high personal esteem, but only as a soldier. The present
trend in authoritative British circles is towards restoration of
the nonarchy in France as the ultimate solution.
Situation 23 Mar.
I. VJar in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
According to an intelligence report from South American
diplomatic circles forwarded by an agent of unknown reliability,
a U.S. formation of 1 heavy and 2 light cruisers and h submarines
entered Dakar on 10 Mar. After refuelling, the formation put to
sea again to the north.
2. Own Situation;
By radiogram 1102, the DOGGEREANK has been instructed to
exchange recognition signals with our planes only if there are
no other planes or vessels in the vicinity.
By radiogram 1500, the position given in radiogram 1622 of 22 Mar.
was corrected to read U0° N, 130£o» W.
Ey radiogram liil3, the weather report for 23 Mar. was forwarded
to the DOGGERBANK. Near the coast conditions of visibility and
cloud are very changeable.
Cancelling the instructions to the KARIN contained in radiogram
2338 of 15 Mar., the ship's rendezvous with one of our submarines
not earlier than 26 Mar. is changed to a point 1°30' to the north
and I' to the east of point "Raumleiter." (See radiogram 08U9 ) •
The RFGENSBURG and KARIN received weather report for 23 Mar. by
radiogram 1622.
In addition, the REGENSBTTRG has been instructed by radiogram 2152
as follows;
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23 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
1.) The position lines of enemy convoys, whose exact lo-
cations are unknown, have been estimated by Naval Staff at 0800
on 2\x Mar. to be:
a.) Convoy SC 123, from grid square AJ 56 via 93 to BD
11, easterly course, 7 knots.
b.) Convoy ONS 1 from grid square AD 98 via AK 17, 51
and 59, westerly course, 7 knots.
c.) Convoy ON 2 from grid square AE 78 via AL 27 to AL
57, westerly course, 8 knots.
2.) The submarine has not so far reported the rendezvous.
Naval Staff presumes that ship and submarine are still together.
The PTETBO ORSFOLO received the following instructions by radio-
gram 0823:
1.) Rendezvous with German submarine is planned to take
place at point "Venezia."
2.) The following reports are to be given to the subma-
rine which will later forward them by radiogram to Naval Staff:
a.) Maximum continuous speed,
b.) Condition of engines,
c.) Other reports or questions which might be of
importance to Naval Staff.
3.) Departure from "Venezia" to depend on enemy situ-
ation and weather conditions in the Eay of Biscay. Therefore, it
may be necessary to wait in the area around "Venezia" until the
general situation warrants release of sailing orders.
All vessels in foreign waters were informed by radiogram l8Ii9
that our own planes, types Frf 200 and Ju 88 and enemy planes,
types Sunderland, Whitley, Catalina, Consolidated and Boeing may
be encountered in and to the west of the Bay of Biscay.
II» Situation West Area.
1, Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report based on a report
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23 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
from the Swiss Consulate in Glasgow, large sections of the British
Fleet, especially light vessels, have been assembled since the be-
ginning of March in Firth of Forth,
Reconnaissance by Air Commander, Atlantic Coast produced no re-
sults .
Reuter reports that Admiral Tovey has handed over command of the
Home Fleet to Vice Admiral Fraser and has been appointed Commander
in Chief, Nore. Vice Admiral Willis has taken over command of
Group "H" (Gibraltar), Other changes have been made in high po-
sitions of the Admiralty,
Political circles in Stockholm attribute great significance to the
assumption of the Nore command by Tovey (who is not only one of
the most outstanding Admirals but also enjoys Churchill's special
confidence) since the Nore is the point of departure for large-
scale operations in the southern North Sea,
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
Pallice.
Mine-exploding vessels cleared six ELM/j mines off La
Group West has requested Air Commander, Atlantic Coast to continue
reconnaissance for the DOGGERBANK on 23 Mar, as heretofore, start-
ing as early as possible. She is presumed to be off the coast be-
tween Lisbon and Cape Villano,
An enemy air attack was made on Nantes at lShh. The St, Joseph
locomotive works were set on fire. For supplementary report on
the enemy air attack on the evening of 22 Mar, on St, Nazaire,
see teletypes 0925 and 1253, Accurate anti-aircraft fire forced
most of the attacking planes, numbering about 80, to drop their
bombs into the Loire and on the town suburbs without taking aim.
Three enemy planes were observed to be shot down. Military damage
was insignificant.
III, North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1, North Sea;
Three ELM/j mines were cleared off Scheweningen and north
of Terschelling. Escort and patrol services of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, North were carried out according to plan. An enemy plane
was shot down near Terschelling by a patrol boat. Three British
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23 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
were rescued from a rubber dinghy. Danish fishing cutters which,
in the last few days were again found west of the declared area,
were fired on, by order of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North.
In the future they will be bombed, as it is suspected that, for
special recompense, vessels traverse the declared area with nets
in order to explore channels through the mines for the British.
(See teletype 1116).
Supplementary statements on the damage to Wilhelmshaven caused by
the heavy enemy air raid on 22 Mar. , have been made by North Sea
Station in teletype 0930. Three of the attackers were shot down
by fighters and two by naval anti-aircraft fire.
In the area of North Sea Station "attention for coastal section"
was ordered from 2250 on 22 Mar., and "alert for coast alarm" from
0122 to 0630. Reasons are not yet known.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, there were four subma-
rines on exercises at sea in the Kola Pay area. At noon one
submarine put out from Polarnoye into the Barents Sea.
Air activity over the central and northern North Sea was normal.
The master photographic report on Scapa Flow of 22 Mar. ( see tele-
type 1559) does not add any significant information to the prelimi-
nary report. (See War Diary, 22 Mar.).
A report received by the Italian Intelligence Service, through
various channels, alleges that the U.S. Admiral Standley has re-
ported from Moscow to the Navy Department, Washington that a
German Fleet consisting of the TIRFITZ, LUETZOW, PRINZ EUGEN with
numerous smaller vessels and long-range torpedo-planes is concen-
trated in north Norwegian ports. It is evidently the intention
to collaborate with the submarines to destroy the five Russian
convoys. Admiral Moore reported to the British Admiralty that,
on instructions from the Navy Department and from Admiral Leahy on
behalf of the President, Admiral King has requested the British
to take immediate steps to reinforce the convoy escort by armored
ships and carriers, in order to avoid the threatened total de-
struction of the convoys with their 170 ships totalling 788,000
GRT and vast quantities of war material.
The present escort, especially of the first convoy which is al-
ready under way, is said to be very weak. The protection of the
second and third convoys might still be improved during their
passage and the fourth and fifth convoys would be protected by
U.S. vessels even before departure.
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23 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
It would appear necessary to obtain details as to
the authenticity of this report which might be a
"plant" for the purpose of misleading our northern
waters strategy.
Own Situation:
On the morning of 21 Mar. , enemy batteries fired 23
rounds without effect on one of our westbound convoys near Petsamo.
The fire was returned by our batteries. On the same day, Submarine
Chaser Group 1111 reported an enemy submarine probably destroyed
north of Nordkyn. Enemy air activity was observed in the areas of
Petsamo and Vardoe. Escort service was carried out according to
plan. In the area of the north and Arctic coasts, 22 vessels were
escorted north and 13 south. Seven vessels sailed without escort.
On 19 Mar., a stable horizontal barrage was laid in the western
auxiliary channel near Flatoey.
At 0113>, 15 men, presumably landed by a PT boat, attacked our Army
post at the Burskoey/Harreidos bridge. The bridge was not damaged.
Search was unsuccessful. On 22 Mar., an unidentified fishing
cutter was bombed by our planes about 80 miles west of the entrance
to Folda Fiord. The cutter answered with rifle fire. At 1020 on
23 Mar. the cutter was again spotted and Admiral, North Norwegian
Coast sent out two minesweepers to capture her. The Air Force
reports that the minesweepers opened fire and then seized the
cutter and brought her in. This has not yet been confirmed by
naval sources.
In the west coast area 8 vessels were escorted north and 8 south.
Admiral, Northern Waters reports departure of the formation of
Commanding Admiral, Task Force from Bogen Bay to Alta at 2300.
It will proceed outside the skerries. At 0600 the BEITZEN left
Trondheim for Narvik.
Submarine U "703" reported the further course of the ice border
and replied, in answer to an enquiry, that the passage north of
Jan Kayen was practicable for convoys.
Seven submarines in the reconnaissance line were ordered to pro-
ceed at 0600 on 23 Mar. on course 335° at 6 knots and to be in
patrol line AA 9631 - AB 7795 by 0300 on 2\\ Mar.
TV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
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23 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Escort and patrol service in the area of Commanding Admiral,
Defenses, Baltic was carried out according to plan and without
incident.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that the Tallinn - Surop
search sweep has been terminated. The transfer of the minesweeper
formations to the east is going according to plan. The laying of
the "Nashorn" barrages will be started on 2li Mar.
Admiral, Baltic States reports from Kronstadt Bay that no special
incidents occurred up to the morning of 23 Mar. Our planes
carried out an attack on a battery position on Seiskari. A new
airfield is being built at Seiskari. On the evening of 22 Mar.
Arrry coastal battery "509" was unsuccessfully attacked with 15
medium and heavy bombs. During the night there was brisk enemy
air activity in the sea area of Tytersaari towards the west. In
the evening and during the night of 22 Mar., Tallinn was attacked
in several waves. Railroad stations, Todt Organization stores
and the Volta plant were hit. Military damage was slight.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Lively reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay by Id planes.
2. Own Situation:
No action reports have come in from the North Atlantic.
Submarine U "665", which was expected at La Pallice on 23 Mar.,
has been reported overdue. Two flights of four Ju 88 planes will
be sent out to look for her on 2\x Mar.
On Route "Anton", section "A" is to be closed from 25 Mar. to 1
Apr. inclusive. Thus the whole Route is closed for attacks on
unaccompanied vessels. On 22 Mar., a submarine shot down a four-
engined Halifax plane in the western Bay of Biscay. One survivor
was taken prisoner.
Of the boats in the south, submarine U "5l6" reports on 20 Mar.
from the Cape area, the sinking of a U.S. "C" type steamer (7,000
GRT) en route from Capetown to Bahia with oil fruits.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
Naval Staff has informed the Japanese Naval Attache, Berlin that
it is planned for our submarines to operate in the Indian Ocean
- 30li - CONFIDENTIAL
23 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
on both sides of Madagascar, in the sea area of Mombassa and of
the Seychelles and has requested the agreement of the Japanese
Naval Staff to the extension of our operational area to the north
up to 0° and west of the line 0°, 65° E to 20° S, 70° E. Copy of
letter l/Skl I opa 8 80 A 3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol.
17.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
During the night of 22 Mar., UU of our bombers attacked
Hartlepool. The raid was hampered by bad weather and can have had
only a nuisance effect. On 22 Mar. two of four Ju 88 planes,
operating in the Biscay area for Commanding Admiral, Submarines,
were probably shot down by enemy planes. On 23 Mar. 12 Ju 88 »s
in three flights operating for Commanding Admiral, Submarines shot
down one Boeing Fortress and one Liberator. One of our planes was
totally lost when it hit the water in a dive attack.
During the day 207 planes of the 3rd Air Force were on operation
in the west and 10 in the Mediterranean.
An attack on Nantes was made by 12 Mosquito planes between 1500
and 1610. For details and damage see "Daily Situation."
During the night of 23 Mar., flights by ten enemy planes were re-
ported in the area of the West Frisian Islands and three into the
area of Juist, Emden, Hanover and Lingen. Two of these planes
were shot down near Terschelling, one by anti-aircraft fire and
one by a patrol boat. At 2200, a plane flew over Wilhe lms haven
at a great altitude, probably on a nuisance raid. About midnight,
strafing attacks were made on freight trains near Bramstedt and
dn the Oldenburg - Bremen area. No damage was done. Three
courier planes flew from Sweden to England. In Belgium, Northern
and Southern France, a total of 33 incursions, without attack,
was reported.
Sixty-six of our night fighters were sent out but did not contact
the enemy.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
During the night of 22 Mar., two steamers of 8,000 GRT
each were heavily damaged by aerial torpedo, one near Cape Tenes
and the other on the Oran roads.
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23 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Over the Army fronts in Tunisia, dive bombers, heavy fighters and
fighter bombers were on operation. Our fighters shot down three
planes in Northern Tunisia. In the southern and central sectors,
six enemy planes were shot down. For details see "Daily Situ-
ation."
Two Ju 88 planes on close escort with our convoy CEILA OLU, ob-
served the sinking of one of the escort vessels by submarine at-
tack near Cape Spartivento and dropped four bombs on the subma-
rine's presumed position.
Eighteen Me 109 planes performed nine missions for the escort of
another convoy and fired at a Beaufighter plane.
The Italian Air Force reports that one 10,000 GRT steamer was
sunk and another large one was torpedoed on the Algiers roads by
seven torpedo bombers on 22 Mar.
On the evening of 23 Mar., 13 of our bombers and torpedo bombers
set out against an enemy convoy east of Djellies. Thirteen more
bombers were sent out on night operations over the Army fronts.
3. Eastern Front:
On 23 Mar., 28 enemy planes were shot down over the Army
fronts .
During the night of 23 Mar., the harbor of Molotovsk ( 35 km west
of Archangel) was attacked by eight bombers. Hits were observed
on railroad yards and tracks.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
At 17U5 on 22 Mar., a convoy of 3 freighters, and at 1230
on 23 Mar., a British auxiliary cruiser of the ULSTER MONARCH
type with one destroyer left Gibraltar for the Atlantic. On the
afternoon of the same day, 3 French freighters, 1 cable layer, 2h
U.S. landing craft and 2 destroyers arrived from the Atlantic. A
number of small vessels and escort boats and another destroyer
also put in during the day.
In the forenoon, a convoy of 3 French transports, 2 of them with
colored troops aboard, and 1 French steamer left for the Mediter-
ranean. There was nothing special to note regarding ships in the
harbor at lliOO.
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>
23 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Convoy movements in the Western Mediterranean were lively. East-
bound and westbound convoys of up to eight vessels were spotted
off the Algerian coast.
According to an intelligence report from Tangier via Spain, the
MAIDSTONE is in Algiers with about six submarines.
In the forenoon, there was considerable convoy traffic off the
Egyptian coast. Nine steamers with 2 destroyers and 2 escort
vessels were sighted northeast of Solium, and 3 steamers with 2
destroyers and 2 escort vessels west of Alexandria, both convoys
on a westerly course.
The Naval Intelligence Station, Istanbul reports that the alleged
appearance of seaplane tenders or carriers in Syrian harbors has
not been confirmed,
2, Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines were in the operational area. No
reports have been received from our submarines.
Our FT boats and motor minesweepers were not sent out. Mine-
sweeper M "6022" and the six auxiliary motor minesweepers are en
route from Trapani to Bizerta, Their arrival in Bizerta has not
yet been reported.
In the opinion of German Naval Command, Italy the fact that the
motorship OMBRINA struck a mine in the Bizerta area indicates
that the convoy route has recently been mined from the air.
The Italian motor minesweeper group from Bizerta cleared a mine
off Cape Zebib,
At noon, 15 Liberators attacked Messina from a great altitude.
Hits were scored on the harbor and on railroad installations. A
fuel train was set on fire. A full report on the damage in Pa-
lermo on 22 Mar, has been received. The steamer VOLTA (1,189 GRT)
received a direct hit and has completely disappeared. The quay
is temporarily unusable for loading. The steamer LANUSEI ( 3,713
GRT) capsized and sank within 15 minutes. The tanker LABOR (510
GRT) capsized and blew up. The pump steamer MANDOVA and the
coastal steamer R0M0L0 also sank. Other coastal vessels are sink-
ing. Destroyer GRANATIERE, steamer TODI (U,999 GRT), steamer JAC
SCHIAFFINO (1,757 GRT) and two naval landing craft were damaged.
Two landing craft loading sites have been cleared. (See teletype
1200).
3, Sea Transport Situation:
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23 Mar. ¥>l3 CONFIDENTIAL
On the evening of 22 Mar., three of our submarine-chasers
left Naples and two left Crotone to escort the convoys of tanker
HEEHENSCHMIDT (9,103 GRT) and steamer ZEILA. The steamers BOTTI-
GLIERI and SKOTTFOSS have sailed from Sousse for Trapani accompa-
nied by one torpedo boat and one corvette. Small vessels pro-
ceeded between Sicily and Tunisia according to plan.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea:
Nothing special to report.
In view of lively shipping and the troop transfers reported by
agents to be taking place in Palestinian and Syrian ports, Group
South claims that air reconnaissance in the Eastern Mediterranean
is inadequate. The last reconnaissance of Beirut was on 6 Mar.,
and of Port Said and Suez on 3 Mar. The two long-range reconnais-
sance planes allotted to the 10th Air Corps have not improved re-
connaissance to the necessary degree. The Group assumes that
Eastern Mediterranean traffic is but weakly escorted as no in-
crease in naval forces has been detected. Therefore, it believes
that submarine operations against the Palestine, Syrian and Cyprus
traffic would have good prospects of destroying shipping with
consequent disruption of the enemy's preparations for a possible
penetration into the Aegean area. Greater use of submarines woulc
also be helpful in checking up on enemy movements. Group South 's
assumption that enemy traffic in the Eastern Mediterranean is
weakly protected is shared by Naval Staff. It is planned to
assign submarines to the Eastern Mediterranean also in order to
accustom young commanders to the difficult Mediterranean con-
ditions in tne less dangerous areas. Nevertheless, the Western
Mediterranean must continue to be the main center of submarine
operations for the time being. Group South has been advised
accordingly.
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, in the afternoon one
destroyer, and in the evening, a cruiser, probably the DORA, were
off the central to southern Caucasian coast. Four submarines
were detected in the central to western Black Sea and two subma-
rines in the area off the east coast.
Own Situation:
At OiiOO enemy FT boat attacks on naval landing craft of
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23 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
the 9th Anapa transport, anchored ten miles west of Cape Takil,
were repulsed. On account of weather conditions the naval landirg
craft entered Theodosia.
The Kerch - Taman fish-salting plant ferry traffic had to be sus-
pended due to rough seas. Two heavy combined operations ferries
and two landing craft sprang leaks due to collision. Combined
operations craft traffic to Kossa Chuchka was hampered by drift-
ing ice. 2,600 persons, 130 motorized and 357 horse-drawn vehi-
cles, 1,190 horses, and 30U tons of war material were transferred
to the west. Fifteen naval landing craft made 1? crossings.
On the night of 23 Mar., PT boats were unable to operate due to
bad weather.
Steamer convoys and lumber transports were still suspended.
At Novorossisk there was gunfire on both sides. The east and
north harbors came under enemy fire.
In order to reinforce escort forces, Group South had requested
that naval landing craft ( artillery) be assigned first to the
Caspian Sea, and also to the Elack Sea if the situation demanded
it. Twelve artillery motor lighters were promised by Quarter-
master Division. Group South reports that the allotted six
artillery motor lighters can only be used as stationary gun
carriers and not as naval landing craft ( artillery) since they
have neither sleeping nor galley accommodation. The Group
urgently requests six naval landing craft ( artillery) for re-
inforcement of the escort forces. (See teletype 20U5).
Furthermore, in view of the increased demand for protection of
sea-borne supplies, Group South has requested the following:
reinforcement of the sea target and anti-aircraft armament on the
transports; for close escort, helicopters to be carried by subma-
rine-chaser WITTNESS and to be used on ships and for coastal waters.
A first allotment of 15 helicopters is requested with a current
monthly allocation of three machines for losses. (See teletype
1325).
Group South also draws attention to the fact that the loss of
naval landing craft in the Kerch Strait ferry traffic due to
mines, ice and bad weather has increased beyond all expectations
and that, when the Azov traffic begins, further losses by enemy
action must be counted on, since almost the whole southeast coast
of the Sea of Azov including the Don estuary will remain in enemy
hands. When the Air Force supply transport service from Kerch to
- 309 - CONFIDENTIAL
rjj
23 Mar. 19 U3
CONFIDENTIAL
the east ceases, an additional 1,150 tons per day will have to be
carried by sea across the Strait. This will further limit the
possibility of withdrawing naval landing craft for the Sea of
Azov. Therefore, the Group contends that the already requested
assignment of ten further naval landing craft is of the utmost
urgency. (See teletype 1710).
All these demands will be dealt with by Quartermaster Division.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
•
- 310 -
CONFIDENTIAL
2U Kar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain:
In the House of Commons on 23 Mar., Churchill was asked for
assurance that no Axis proposals in regard to suspension of
hostilities would be accepted before the House of Commons had had
an opportunity to express its opinion,
Churchill answered evasively with a reference to the consti-
tutional customs.
In the opinion of diplomatic circles, this question
in the House of Commons may have some connection
with current rumors as to the result of Eibbentrop's
and General Werlimont's last visit to Rome. From
the fact that, as shown by the minutes of the con-
ference, the Italians stated that the loss of
Tunisia might create a new situation, it is con-
cluded that Italian diplomacy thereby wishes to
ensure freedom of action for a new course. As a
further consequence, the British Parliament evi-
dently thinks that negotiations for a separate
peace are already near to hand.
Portugal:
According to a diplomatic report, the latest German submarine
successes have aroused great apprehension in Anglo-American
circles. Seizure of the Portuguese and Spanish Atlantic islands
as bases for convoy traffic has therefore, in the Portuguese view,
gained new importance.
Finland:
The U,S. Chief of Information, Davis, declared that Finland has
now lost all sympathy in the U.S.A.
Turkey:
Iteuter reports that the reception of a very friendly message from
the President of the Turkish National Assembly was announced in
the House of Lords. According to the Official German News Agency
(DNB) the U.S.A. have given four 10,000 GRT vessels to Turkey on
charter. Discussions with Great Britain on the purchase of six
other ships are still going on. Ports in Southern Turkey are
being expanded with the assistance of British engineers.
- 311 - CONFIDENTIAL
2U Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I# A report from Commanding Admiral, Group West, which has been
received by Quartermaster Division, states that the matter of ex-
panding bases in France still cannot yet be discussed as it in-
volves Fuehrer Decree No. liO.
On his forthcoming trip to France, Commander in Chief, Navy will
try to have Group West and Commanding General, Armed Forces, West
expedite the matter.
In a Highly Restricted Circlet
II. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division;
A.) It is proposed to issue the following instructions to
Group North:
1.) Supplementing Naval Staff's order "Employment of
Surface Forces" ( l/Skl I op 502/13 Gkdos. Chefs, of 19 Feb.), the
view expressed by Commander in Chief, Navy in discussions with
Commanding Admiral, Fleet and Commanding Admiral, Task Force as
to the functions of the Task Force in northern waters is confirmed
as follows:
a.) Commander in Chief, Navy has obtained the
Fuehrer's consent to the transfer of the SCHARNHORST, by which
the northern waters Task Force will be considerably strengthened
for the attack and destruction of convoys by surface forces.
b.) This is the primary task and is to be given
first consideration in the plans of the Commanding Admiral and
Commanders of the formation. It must not be overshadowed by
thoughts of protecting Norway, which are to be regarded as
secondary.
2.) This must be clearly expressed to Commanding Admiral,
Task Force, Admiral, Northern Waters and Commanders in modifi-
cation of Group North's instructions for the employment of naval
forces in northern waters. Chief, Naval Staff agreed.
A corresponding teletype has been sent by l/Skl I a 827/U3 Gkdos.
Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II a.
B.) Group North supports the request of Commanding Admiral,
Task Force of 22 Kar. that the NUERNBERG be moved to Harstad in
order, if possible, to avoid the risky and lengthy passage through
the Tjeld Sund.
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2\x Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff supported the request and proposed that the transfer
of the NUERNBERG, GREIF and JAGUAR to Harstad be approved. Chief,
Naval Staff agreed,
C) Group South and Admiral, Aegean Sea have made urgent
representations concerning the withdrawal of the HERMES from the
Aegean Sea to the Italian area. After thorough consideration of
all pros and cons, Chief, Naval Staff has concluded that the
concentration of all forces in the Tunisian area is the most
pressing need. Admiral Ruge's report on his negotiations with
the Italian Admiralty in regard to a replacement has not yet been
received.
Special Items.
I. Chief, Naval Staff is to visit the west area from 25 to 28
Mar, in order to inspect PT boats and submarine bases, and to
hold discussions with Commanding Admiral, Group West and Com-
manding General, Armed Forces-, West,
II. Memorandum of the conference between the Japanese Naval
Attache, Admiral Yokoi and Chief, Operations Division on 22 Mar,
as per l/Skl I opa 891/U3 Gkdos, Chefs, in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XV. The main items were the transfer of German submarines
to Japan and the fuelling at Fenang of German submarines oper-
ating in the western part of the Indian Ocean.
On the same day, a meeting took place between Vice Admiral Nomura
and Chief of Staff, Naval Staff. The matters discussed are con-
tained in Files I opa X, 1, "Cooperation Germany / Japan", pages
278 - 29U.
III. In the matter of delivering submarines to the Japanese Navy,
Chief, Naval Staff decided:
1.) The delivery of submarines to the Japanese is necessary
for economic and military reasons. The Navy had previously
mentioned one or two boats; the Fuehrer and the Reich Foreign
Minister have promised the Japanese two boats. Two boats are to
be delivered.
2,) In the expectation that Japan will keep her promise to
step up submarine construction, Germany too will do all in her
power to deliver the first boat to the Japanese as quickly as
possible, that is, a German crew ( plus technicians) will take the
first boat to Japan.
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2U Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
3.) The IX c boat is the most suitable for operations in the
Arabian Sea, in riew of the distance from bases under Japanese
control. Type IX D 2 not only takes longer to build, but is un-
suitable for convoy attack, and therefore is not to be recommended
in the long run.
h») Series construction in Germany on account of Japan can-
not be considered.
5.) Our willingness to cooperate could hardly be better
demonstrated.
6.) The matter of payment and of economic exchange has not
yet been raised in the discussions between the two Navies,
Additional note:
a.) Quartermaster Division and the Naval Attache are
requested to handle the delivery.
b.) Chief of Staff, Naval Staff will inform Vice Admiral
Nomura of the decision of Commander in Chief, Navy.
c.) The second type IX c boat must be fetched from
Germany by a Japanese crew.
Vice Admiral Nomura has been correspondingly informed by letter
from Chief of Staff, Naval Staff. Copy as per l/Skl I opa 893/13
Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XV.
The Naval Attache, Tokyo has been advised accordingly by telegram
l/Skl I opa 890/h3. Copy in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XV.
TV. Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff has advised Naval
Staff of the Fuehrer's order for employment of troops in con-
nection with the instructions on the eastern campaign during the
coming months. The part that regards Naval Staff is Section III
which reads as follows:
"The final shaping of the Gotenkopf bridgehead is closely
bound up with the sea transports across the Strait of Kerch as
well as on the south coast of the Crimea and in the Sea of Azov.
"Shipping suitable for transport in the Strait of Kerch and
the Sea of Azov is limited and is inadequate for the simultaneous
maintenance of a high ferry performance and for large troop and
material transport movements from the Gotenkopf to the harbors in
the northern Sea of Azov.
- 31b - CONFIDENTIAL
2k Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
"The adjustment of these transport operations, for which the
demands of the Army are decisive, will be arranged by direct
agreement between Army and Navy. The result is to be reported.
"For sea transport operations across the Sea of Azov the Air
Force will have to assign air cover."
Group South has been advised accordingly, with instructions to
report the arrangement reached with the Army.
Situation 2I4 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
According to an intelligence report, U.S. warships and
merchantmen have lately been putting in to Monrovia and Dakar by
preference. At the beginning of March, only 1 auxiliary aircraft
carrier, 3 corvettes and, temporarily, the FROBISHER were re-
ported at Freetown.
Another intelligence report states that all troops standing by in
South Africa have now been shipped. Naval Intelligence Division
has been ordered to check this report.
Intelligence Center, Spain reports that on 22 Mar. two submarines
and one steamer with fuel and materiel put in to Port Etienne
from the south.
According to an Italian report, a convoy of 18 loaded steamers
and tankers with unidentified escort was sighted on 16 Mar. at
25°6' N, 29°6« W, sailing southeast.
2. Own Situation;
The Naval Attache*, Tokyo reports that Ship H28tt will be
ready at the beginning of May and assumes that she will be as-
signed an operational area west of South America.
This assumption conforms with the plans of Naval Staff.
By radiogram 0226, the DOGGERBANK has been informed on the po-
sitions of Spanish steamers; by radiogram 1206, about an SOS call
from an unidentified vessel "FLZH" from h3°U0* N* 10°lK>! W, asking
for assistance from a plane of the British 19th Group; by radio-
gram lh33, on weather report for 2h Mar., and by radiogram 2150,
on air reconnaissance sighting reports on the afternoon of 23 Mar.
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2U Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Submarine U Ml6l" reported her position as h2° N, 37° W. The re-
port does not indicate whether the REGENSB7RG has been met or not.
REGENSBURG has therefore been instructed by radiogram 1031 that
if the rendezvous has not taken place she is to proceed at once
to submarine U Ml6l" which is waiting at the position reported.
In addition, the REGENSBURG has been advised, by radiogram 2038,
of the position lines of enemy convoys, as determined by dead
reckoning, for 25 Mar., namely:
a.) SC 123 from AK hS to 88, course east-northeast, speed 7
knots.
b.) ONS 1 from AJ 3U to AK U6, course southwest, speed 7
knots.
c.) ON 2 from AK 32 via 37 to 93, course west speed, 8 knots.
d.) HX 230, course north, speed 8J- knots, in BE 25.
By radiogram 1652, the KARIN and REGENSBURG received weather re-
ports for 2\x Mar. j by radiogram 2300, the following instructions
for the use of radar interception gear:
1.) Don:t get nervous. The device receives location
beams at ranges greater than that of the locating device.
2.) If definitely located, turn away slowly and take a
deceptive course.
3.) If a break-through is once started, do not deviate,
even if located.
h.) No German ship has appeared in the traversed areas
for two years, therefore, if located, do not assume that you have
been recognized at once.
5.) Radar interception is an auxiliary resource intended
to facilitate a break-through, but a chance location, which the
enemy will not find suspicious in this area, must not be allowed
to upset a planned break-through.
The PIETRO 0RSE0L0 has been advised as to the special recognition
signal for the submarine rendezvous by radiogram 0121.
Finally, all vessels in foreign waters have been advised by radio-
gram 173h of the position of the U.S.A. - Gibraltar convoy on 2\x
Mar. at 3U° N, 52" W, course east, speed 8 knots, and of the
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2ii Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
sighting of two enemy destroyers at 2100 on 23 Mar. by one of our
submarines at li6°U0' N, 22°30' W, course 230°.
II. Situation West Area.
1« Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance by Air Commander, Atlantic Coast produced
no result.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast t
Four torpedo boats made an unsuccessful search from La
Pallice for the missing submarine U "665."
Channel Coast:
From 2255 until 2330, minesweepers M "1626" and M "U625"
were engaged by enemy PT boats in grid square BF 2937 (north of
St. Brieux). Details have not yet been reported.
PT boats S "81i", S "110" and S "122" moved from the Hook to
Boulogne, S "112" from Ostend to Boulogne.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1, North Sea;
Six ELM/j mines were cleared off Scheveningen and one
north of Schiermonikoog. Escort and patrol service in the area
of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North was carried out according
to plan.
During the evening of 23 Mar., several enemy planes approached
the coastal area between Ameland and Borkura thirteen times, pre-
sumably to lay mines. One Wellington plane was shot down by
naval anti-aircraft fire. Flights by single enemy planes over
the Dutch coastal area and the Heligoland Bight and their engage-
ment by naval anti-aircraft fire were reported on the evening of
2li Mar.
Operations Staff, North Sea Station has transferred to command
post Sengwarden and has assumed duty.
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21a Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The precautionary alert ordered by North Sea Station on the even-
ing of 22 Mar, , in view of the destroyed communications equipment
and the enemy situation reports from Group West's area, was mis-
takenly interpreted and handled by the Army as an alarm so that,
among other things, divisions were ordered to marching readiness.
Army offices welcome this mistake, as it served to reveal certain
defects. News of this incident reached Naval Staff by irregular
channels, through the Reinforced Frontier Guard Control Service
(Coastal) via the Ministry of Finance.
In connection with the negotiations on the German-Swedish shipping
agreement for 19^3, the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping
again points out the long delays to which ships are subjected en
route to Rotterdam. In this connection he comments that, while a
change in the transport movements to and from Rotterdam is at
present under thorough investigation, it is in any case to be
anticipated that a certain amount of coal and ore shipments will
still go via Rotterdam. The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Ship-
ping, therefore, emphasises the Swedish desire that the trips be
expedited and asks that every effort should be made to solve the
question of escort in a satisfactory manner.
North Sea Station and Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North have
been advised accordingly.
The Swedish complaints are not new. If ships are lost Naval Staff
is supposed to provide protection. If this is done, the loss of
time and money entailed is deplored.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation;
For corrected photographic interpretation master report
on the air reconnaissance of Scapa Flow on 22 Mar., see teletype
1035.
According to a Foreign Office report from Stockholm, a convoy left
the U.S.A. on 22 Mar. for Iceland, where it will divide into two
parts which will proceed to England and Murmansk respectively.
According to radio intelligence, three Russian submarines were at
sea off the Norwegian Arctic coast. One submarine put into Polar-
noye, and one destroyer and one submarine left from there. Two
British minesweepers were detected in the area of Bolshoi Oleni,
probably clearing mines ahead of a PQ convoy.
The Norwegian Naval Command in London has announced the loss of
the submarine UREGG.
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21* Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Reconnaissance in the northern North Sea was lively. No activity
by the Iceland squadrons was noted.
Own Situationt
No situation report has been received from Admiral,
Arctic Coast.
The two minesweepers sent out by Admiral, North Norwegian Coast
to bring in the cutter, found her without her crew. The cutter
sank while an attempt was being made to salvage her. The Air
Force1 s report of 23 Mar. that minesweepers had fired on her and
brought her in, is thus proved incorrect.
In the areas of the north and west coasts, 19 vessels were es-
corted north and 13 south. Six vessels sailed without escort.
Group North supports the proposal of Naval Command, Norway that
the construction of shore berths at Alta should be started at
once.
Group North has approved the planned barrage for Kamoey Fiord and
has asked for allocation of mines.
Group North has also approved the immediate transfer of two heavy
anti-aircraft batteries, two sets of h cm guns and floating anti-
aircraft battery "Thetis" from Bogen Bay to Alta.
Finally, Group North proposes to assign the LORELEY to Naval Com-
mand, Norway upon completion. (See teletype 0921*).
The transfer to Alta of the formation of Commanding Admiral, Task
Force has been carried out according to plan. ( Operation
"Silesia"). Weather ship COBURG has entered Narvik. For brief
report on Operation "Brausewetter" , see teletype ihhS*
The northern waters patrol line has been increased by two boats,
to a total of nine. Submarine U "703" reported the further course
of the ice border north and west of Jan Mayen. The submarine has
been ordered to check the passage north of the island between 9°
and 10° W, and report the course of the ice border.
Submarine U "212" was located and chased by a vessel shortly after
midnight on 2\x Mar. in thick fog.
17. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
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2li Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Missions in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic were
carried out according to plan. At 0135 the coastal motorship
SLEIPNER sank in grid square A0 7676 lower right through collision
with minesweeper M "3li5".
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports the completion of Oper-
ation "Wartburg" by the 1st Motor Minesweeper Flotilla.
The 2iith Landing Flotilla laid the first section of the "Nashorn
I A" barrage in the Qulf of Finland comprising 629 UMA mines with
50 m. mooring rope. Altogether ten sections are planned.
Admiral, Baltic States reports the usual activity in Kronstadt
Bay and the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland.
An enemy air attack on Tallinn on the evening of 23 Mar. caused
minor damage to civilian property. Mines were reported to have
been dropped in Tallinn Bay.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Lively air reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay by U0
planes.
2. Own Situation;
In the North Atlantic the search for convoys by Groups
"Seeteufel" and "Seewolf" was unsuccessful. Nor have the southern
boats reported any successes. Details are contained in "Supplement
to the Submarine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
Conclusive report on convoy No. 19 has been forwarded to the Naval
Adjutant at Fuehrer Headquarters, for information of the Fuehrer.
Copy as per l/Skl I u 89I4/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. IV. This is the greatest convoy success achieved to date by
the submarine campaign. Thirty-eight submarines were employed
against the England-bound convoy in the central North Atlantic 5
$0% of them made attacks and sank altogether 32 vessels for
186,000 GRT and one destroyer. Nine other ships were torpedoed.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
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2k Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
In the west area 136 planes of the 3rd Air Force were
out on operation. Of these, 17 fighter-bombers attacked Ashford
in the morning with very good effect. One FW 190 plane was lost
by direct anti-aircraft hit. Two Spitfires were shot down by our
escort fighters.
Northwest of Finisterre, a Ju 88 shot down a Halifax. The Ju 88
had to make a forced landing in Santander.
In the afternoon, three Mosquito planes flew into the area Vechta-
Guetersloh and successfully attacked railroad installations. For
details see "Daily Situation."
During the night of 2h Mar., five enemy planes flew over via Jut-
land into the Warsaw - Litzraannstadt area at an altitude of 2,000-
1,500 m. Night fighters were unsuccessful. Fifty-five of our
planes were sent out against Edinburgh. Only lii of them reached
their destination owing to bad weather.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Considerable air activity in the Tunisian area. Ten
enemy planes were destroyed. Our attacks were concentrated on
the area of Gafsa, German planes escorting a convoy observed a
heavy explosion on one of a formation of five Italian destroyers
proceeding in the opposite direction 30 miles north of Cape Bon.
This was probably caused by a mine. Shortly after noon, the town
and port of Ferryville were attacked from a height of 8,800 m. by
21 enemy planes with fighter escort. About the same time Messina
was attacked by twelve Liberators. No enemy planes were reported
shot down during these attacks.
3. Eastern Front:
On 21* Mar., 17 enemy planes were shot down over the Army
fronts. No special reports have been received from the Uth and
5th Air Forces.
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
Convoy traffic in the Straits of Gibraltar was very
heavy. Between 0800 and 0900 about k2 loaded freighters of
varying size passed Ceuta en route from the Atlantic to the
Mediterranean. The escort consisted of 1 destroyer and 8 escort
vessels and corvettes. About 1100, a convoy from the Atlantic
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2li Mar, 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
escorted by 10 - 15 vessels entered Gibraltar. The convoy con-
sisted of about 38 vessels, including 10 LSTs, some of them with
an LCT each on board. Definite observations could not be made
because of rain and fog, so that it is possible that the two con-
voys mentioned are identical. Naval Staff is having this checked.
A convoy of 15 steamers in ballast with 6 escort vessels passed
Ceuta at 11*00 coming from the Mediterranean and making for the
Atlantic. Six steamers and 2 escort vessels left Gibraltar, pre-
sumably for the Mediterranean, and 1 British transport without
troops, 1 tanker and 2 steamers left for the Atlantic.
No shipping was sighted in the Western Mediterranean. According
to radio intelligence, a convoy will be 35 miles northwest of
Bougie at 1215.
In the forenoon there was a submarine 2\x miles west of Marsala.
According to Italian air reconnaissance, at IhhS there were 3
cruisers and h destroyers proceeding southwest at high speed in
the area 30 miles southwest of Malta.
According to a sighting report, there were 10 steamers in Tripoli
harbor and 3 escort vessels on the roads. In the afternoon 5
steamers and 2 small naval vessels were sighted in Benghazi. In
the forenoon 10 steamers and 5 escort vessels sailing west were
sighted west of Sidi Barani.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. No reports have been received from our own submarines.
Our PT boats and motor minesweepers were not out on operation.
At 0830 two of four Italian destroyers carrying German troops to
Tunis were hit by mines or submarine torpedoes 29 miles north of
Cape Bon. The destroyer MALOCELLO was sunk, the destroyer ASCARI
is still afloat. The other two destroyers entered La Goulette at
1000. The German Naval Command, Italy reports that rescue oper-
ations are under way. The number of German troops on the two de-
stroyers is not known. According to observations by our own
fighters, one of the destroyers was certainly and the other proba-
bly sunk by enemy planes. This report from German Naval Command,
Italy was apparently disregarded by Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South and Air Force General Staff. (Compare "Aerial War-
fare / Mediterranean Theater").
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2U Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The air raid on Ferryville was severe. The steamer OMBRINA
(6,015 GRT) received a direct hit and blew up. Also lost were
motor minesweeper R "10", the VIGOREUX, three harbor defense
vessels, one tank lighter, one Siebel ferry, one landing craft
and one U-ton floating crane. One 80-ton crane with pier was
destroyed as well as nearly all workshops, the power station
and the approach roads. There were very few casualties.
On 23 Mar,, east of Cape Spartivento, the submarine-chasers
"2210" and "2201; " attacked the submarine which torpedoed the
tanker ZEILA. The submarine is believed to have been destroyed
since location showed her in the same position on the bottom from
2100 on 23 Mar, until 1300 on 2k Mar, In an enemy air attack on
the evening of 23 Mar,, submarine-chaser "2205", escorting the
tanker HERRENSCHMIDT , suffered casualties from strafings but no
special damage.
Minesweeper M "6022" and the six auxiliary motor minesweepers
entered Bizerta on the night of 23 Mar, These vessels cleared
altogether eight mines 30 miles north of Cape Bon,
On 2\x Mar,, minesweeper M "6023" and five other auxiliary motor
minesweepers are to leave Toulon for Genoa,
3, Sea Transport Situation;
On 23 Mar, the tug TANACE was sunk by a bomb west or
Trapani. The tanker BERNADOTTE has been towed in to Trapani. On
the same day, the tanker ZEILA ( l,b"33 GRT) was torpedoed near Cape
Spartivento, No more reports on her have been received.
War transports KT "5", "6" and "13M are en route from Tunis to
Palermo; the convoy TOMASEO - SALTTZZO is en route from Bizerta to
Naples, Traffic by small ships between Sicily and Tunisia was
carried out according to plan,
U, Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
On 25 Mar,, the Swedish steamers AKKA and YARRAWONG will
leave Piraeus for Canada, The ships will be piloted by a patrol
boat as far as 37°37.6» N, 2li°6.6» E, and thereafter will follow
the usual Aegean and Mediterranean courses at twelve knots, re-
porting their positions every four hours.
One of the two Italian PT boats which ran aground on 21 Mar,, near
Palaeo-Chora has been refloated. Convoy traffic was suspended on
account of bad weather. To an inquiry from Naval Staff, Group
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2\x Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
South has reported that the captured French vessel BIRGIT, await-
ing escort in Istanbul, will be loaded with chromium ore as pro-
posed by the Naval Attache, Istanbul. If the situation permits,
Group South also plans to use other transferred steamers for
transporting chromium ore.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there was little ship-
ping off the east coast.
Own Situation:
No German or Italian PT boats were sent out because of
bad weather. Escort service and minesweeping have not yet been
resumed.
The ferry traffic to Kossa Chuchka was lively. A large ice-
barrier to the north prevented rough seas in this area. On the
other hand, ferry traffic to Taman and the fish-salting plant by
naval landing craft was impossible due to wind and sea conditions.
On 23 Mar. minesweeping planes cleared a mine on the Kerch-Taroan
route. On 2U Mar. combined operations craft ferried to the west
1,1*60 persons, 665 horses, 350 motorized and 208 horse-drawn
vehicles, etc. Admiral, Black Sea plans to set up an alternative
emergency unloading site protected from the northeast wind.
Special Naval Transport Staff reports that at a meeting on 23 Mar.
at the Headquarters of General von Foerster the deputy of High
Command, Army for supply of the 17th Army, Lieutenant-General
Dostler, made an urgent and sharply-worded demand that, as from
2h Mar., 1,000 tons of supplies per day be carried east regardless
of the weather. This demand does not include the Anapa traffic
or engineer and railroad equipment. Performance is to be in-
creased up to 2,000 tons as soon as possible. Airborne supplies
will cease immediately.* Referring to the difficult weather con-
ditions, General Dostler accused the Navy of using vessels that
were unsuitable for the Black Sea. Admiral Scheurlen protested
against this accusation and suggested that seaworthy ships be re-
quested from the Mediterranean. General von Foerster also took
up arms for the Navy against the unfounded accusations and pro-
tested against General Dostler 's representations to High Command,
Army. Special Naval Transport Staff reports that the constant
Anapa traffic occupies as many landing craft as are necessary to
meet the demand for supplies which amounts to 1,000 tons per day.
♦ From now on transport operations to the east and west will
enjoy the same priority.
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2\x Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The fulfilment of the now doubled demand for supplies is therefore
decisively handicapped by the Anapa traffic. Special Naval Trans-
port Staff therefore proposes to investigate whether, with the
present good road conditions, the Anapa traffic is still necessary.
In regard to this incident, Admiral, Black Sea reports that, in
reply to remonstrances, General Dostler denied having made accu-
sations against the Navy. He merely wished to suggest that suita-
ble vessels should be requested. On 25 Mar., General Dostler will
personally clear up the matter with Admiral Scheurlen. The
General explicitly assured Admiral, Black Sea that it was far from
his intention to make any accusations against the Navy.
Group South has supplemented its statement on the operational
possibilities of submarines in the Black Sea as follows:
1.) Present and possible future developments of the situation
on the southeastern front demand the continuation of supplies for
all branches of the Armed Forces via the Black Sea. The experi-
ence of two years of war in the Russian campaign has proved with-
out any doubt that operations depend largely on supply by sea, as
transport facilities on land are inadequate.
2.) German naval supremacy in the Black Sea will decisively
influence the further operations of our Armies and is of great
importance to the war.
3.) Unlike coastal defense from the land, the protection of
seaborne supplies, which is the Navy's primary function in the
Black Sea, calls for offensive action against enemy naval forces
and sea traffic. An attack on the Caucasian coast sea traffic
will tie down Russian naval forces, so that they will be unable
to undertake an offensive against German seaborne supplies.
h») By tying down the Russian Fleet and increasing its losses,
we will protect our freedom of movement, which is necessary in
supplying the fighting array. At the same time, the possibility
of Russian landings on our coast will be eliminated. The prose-
cution of the war on the southeastern Russian front must be
supported by relentless employment and greatest concentration of
all offensive weapons, of which submarines, if available in suffi-
cient number, are the most far-reaching and therefore the most
effective.
5«) The intensification of Russian anti-submarine defense
and the increased activity of the enemy Air Force will entail
gradual losses or, at least, long periods of repair. Repair time
will anyway be prolonged due to increased operations and imminent
- 325 - CONFIDENTIAL
2h Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
need for basic overhaul, which will reduce the overall operational
readiness and striking power of the submarine force in the Black
Sea.
6.) Naval Group South therefore again requests the urgent
assignment of six additional submarines. In view of the advance
of the season and the time required for transfer and for dockyard
preparation in the Black Sea area, the decision must be made
quickly, otherwise, it cannot be guaranteed that the requested
boats can be made ready for action this year, which may be the
decisive one in the Russian campaign.
In view of the dispersal of our forces due to delivery of subma-
rines to the Japanese and Italians and the limited prospects in
the Black Sea, Chief, Naval Staff has refused the above request.
The Black Sea submarines, which will shortly be increased to six
in number, must first of all prove their worth.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
- 326 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar. lyi*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Churchill's statements on the New Order for Europe have under-
standably aroused lively press comment by the small nations.
The "Times" takes the opportunity to reiterate the demand for
confident cooperation between the Anglo-Americans and Russia and
writes :
"Europe, and not Europe alone, will perish unless threefold
accord can be fully maintained between the U.S.A., Russia, and
Great Britain."
In the House of Lords on 2li Mar., there was a lively debate on
anti-submarine defense. Failure to date was attributed to the
following causes:
1.) The superior speed of the German submarines in comparison
to the convoys (20 ( J) : 7-8 knots).
2.) The fact that the British radio direction-finding system
had been given to France and that Vichy had betrayed it to Germany.
3.) Sepatate British and U.S. command.
k») Miscalculation by the Admiralty of the importance of the
Air Force as protection for shipping in conjunction with naval
power.
5.) Shortage of escort vessels and their insufficient speed.
The Admiralty spokesman replied that the appointment of a supreme
commander for the anti-submarine campaign would be a step back-
wards. In any case, he said, Great Britain is her Allies' partner
and neither their master nor their servant.
The admiralty had the highest priority for anti-submarine armament
and material and allocation of long-range planes was increasing.
The construction of floating air bases in the Atlantic had been
carefully examined but was not considered practicable at present.
In order to effect complete coordination in submarine warfare,
the German Admiral Doenitz had taken over command of all resources
of the German Fleet. It was a compliment to the British methods
of central control that the Germans had also adopted this method
after three years. The submarine threat was still very great but
the assertion that the defensive fight had failed was entirely
unjustified.
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25 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
For communications between Naval Staff and Chief, Naval Staff,
who is absent from Berlin, the following code names have been
agreed upon:
for Group North "Peter"
for Commanding Admiral, Task Force "Johanna"
for operation "Urlaub"
for Alta "Schwarzwald"
for Narvik "Harz"
Otherwise no special reports or decisions.
Special Items.
I. Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff replied to Naval
Staff's proposal of 19 Mar., concerning the possibility of pro-
viding the additional 1.8,000 tons of fuel oil requested by the
Italian Navy by increasing the Roumanian quota, as follows:
"No increase of Roumanian fuel oil deliveries to Italy can
be counted on. The War Economy Staff advises that, in spite of
strong representations, even the March allotment of 39>000 tons
from Roumania, scheduled for current Italian requirements, cannot
be guaranteed.
"In these circumstances, Naval Staff is requested to examine
whether or not delivery of the requested quantities of fuel oil
is still refused, in spite of the acknowledged necessity of the
projected operations by Italian warships. According to our infor-
mation, Italian stocks must be sufficient for a first operation,
so that the question of deliveries will not come up until the need
has arisen and would have to be taken from German current pro-
duction at the expense of the German Navy.
"In connection with the preparatory measures for operations,
it is proposed that the matter of a central control of all oil
questions of the Italian Admiralty be investigated by German Naval
Command, Italy or Admiral Ruge.
"Early comments are requested."
- 328 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
II, During his recent visit to Italy, Commander in Chief, Navy
obtained the Italians' agreement to the conversion of Italian
operational submarines into transports.
The Italians are prepared to convert and operate as transports
nine of the ten submarines at present stationed in Bordeaux, In
exchange, they have been promised nine German operational subma-
rines to be delivered as the Italian submarines become available.
Operations Division has asked Quartermaster Division to arrange
with the competent Italian offices to establish the operational
readiness of the submarines as soon as possible. Attention is
drawn to the preliminary work which, it is believed here, has al-
ready been done by naval Oberbaurat Aschmoneit ( of Naval ( Ship)
Construction Division, Design and Building Branch) in the course
of preliminary discussions,
III, Quartermaster Division, Organization and Mobilization Branch
has approved the establishment of independent harbor defense
groups in Bizerta, Tunis, Sousse and Sfax and also the plan to
establish such groups in Hammamet and Gabes, without an overall
flotilla command. The harbor defense groups will be subordinated
to the port commanders,
IV, Following the reference by Commander in Chief, Navy to the
basic agreement reached between him and the Reichsmarschall in
regard to Siebel ferries ( see War Diary, 10 Mar, ) , Field Marshal
Milch has confirmed that the Air Force will complete only the iiO
ferries now under construction and will deliver them to the Navy.
The quota of about 8,000 tons provided for further production
will be placed through Krupp, at the disposal of the Navy for
construction of artillery motor lighters for the Mediterranean.
Field Marshal Milch pointed out to Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South and the Reichsmarschall's Adjutant that this con-
firmation is based on the assumption that High Command, Navy is
solely responsible for the production of further sea transport
tonnage of whatever kind, and that the Fuehrer will be asked to
give a final ruling on this question.
On 22 Mar, a conference was held between Quartermaster Division,
Naval Staff and representatives of Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South, Air Force General Staff, and others, concerning
the question of Siebel ferries and naval landing craft. Command-
ing General, Armed Forces, South took the occasion to demand that
the twelve artillery motor lighters scheduled for the Black Sea
be transferred to the Mediterranean. As four of these vessels
are already en route to the Black Sea, only the remaining eight
come into question. Discussion of the question of Siebel ferry
construction was rendered superfluous by the above-mentioned con-
firmation of Field Marshal Milch.
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25 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
V. On 28 Feb., Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff
reported that preparations for the employment of aerial mines
with new firing devices will be made so that, upon release by the
Fuehrer, they can be put into use at the end of April or the be-
ginning of May. The Air Force agrees with Naval Staff that at
least 2,000 mines per month will be required for the effective
mining of the convoy routes around the British Isles. As the
Navy will take over 500 of these mines, there will remain 1,500
to be dropped by the Air Force. The Air Force can do this if
weather conditions permit of about ten to twelve missions per
month and if the mining formations in the west are increased to
two wings.
Since only very limited forces are available, it will be necessary
for the areas to be mined by PT boats to be clearly defined in
order to avoid duplication. The arrangement made with the Air
Force for aerial mine laying must therefore be re-examined. Sea
areas which the enemy situation ( locating conditions or superior
defense) or our own mine situation render no longer accessible to
our FT boats, must be left to the Air Force. On the other hand,
areas practicable for PT boats are to be left exclusively to them.
The Navy does not yet plan to use the new firing devices in waters
outside the area around the British Isles. The Air Force also
plans to use them only to a limited extent and in special cases,
the local Air Force commands cooperating closely with the corre-
sponding commands of the Navy. Attention is invited to the need
for distinct sepatation of the later operational areas of the
Navy from those of the Air Force. It is planned for the new
firing devices to be used by submarines as soon as they have been
adapted for the torpedo-tube mines.
Naval Staff has issued corresponding instructions to Group West
and Commander, PT Boats with copy to Group North, Group South,
Commanding Admiral, Submarines, Naval Command, Norway, North Sea
and Baltic Stations and German Naval Command, Italy; these in-
structions contain, at the same time, a guide on the tactical
characteristics of the new firing devices DM 1, AA 1 for the LMB,
and AD 10U, 105 for the BM 1,000 which at present our sweeping
devices are unable to clear or to do so only with very great
difficulty. Absolute secrecy is called for.
VI. Foreign Affairs/intelligence Division has forwarded state-
ments from a very reliable agent, dated 11/12 Mar., concerning
the British plan for invasion of the continent. The report con-
tains relatively few new facts and reaches some doubtful con-
clusions but is worth reading. Photographic copy as per l/Skl
9178/U3 geh. in V/ar Diary, File "Data on the Enemy Situation."
(
- 330 - CONFIDENTIAL
*
25 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
VII. Summary of the intelligence on the enemy obtained by radio
deciphering and radio intelligence during the period 15 Feb. - 2
Mar. 1*3 is contained in the Radio Monitoring Report No. 12/U3 of
Chief, Radio Monitoring Reports, Naval Communications Division.
Situation 25 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
North Atlantic;
A source of unknown reliability reports that at the be-
ginning of May 19U3, 2 U.S. battleships, 1 carrier, 8 cruisers,
18 destroyers, 25 tankers and 20 submarines will leave U.S. ports
for England or the Mediterranean.
On 18 Mar. six large passenger steamers, allegedly of 20,000 GRT
each, entered Casablanca. They were carrying only a few troops
but had large cargoes of materiel aboard.
It is reported from Buenos Aires that about 300,000 men are at
present being embarked for Africa in the U.S.A., including four
armored divisions.
South Atlantic;
From the sea southwest of Freetown, movements of the
auxiliary cruiser BULOLO and of a second British vessel in the
patrol service have been reported. BULOLO is said to have been
about 500 miles southwest of Freetown on 13 Mar.
On 23 Mar., Freetown reported to Dakar the sighting of a hove-to
supply ship without escort, flying a red-yellow-red flag, and of
two submarines near the coast northwest of Monrovia.
Naval Staff sees no connection between the two.
2. Own Situation;
The DOGGERBANK has been informed by radiogram 09 U5 that
our air reconnaissance has not sighted her and that Naval Staff
estimates her position today, by dead reckoning, to be between
Oporto and Ferrol but is calculating on delay.
Weather report for 25 Mar. was transmitted by radiogram 1125,
and the positions of the northbound convoy from Gibraltar for
- 331 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
0800 on 26 Mar, by radiogram 1930. DOGGERBANK was ordered by
radiogram 1930 not to wait at the destroyer rendezvous but to
sail east along the limits of territorial waters.
Submarine U "l6l" met the REGENSBURG according to plan and trans-
mitted the information requested by Group North. The ship is
proceeding at 15J knots and will be at point nAn on the morning
of 28 Mar. Unfortunately, degaussing gear, radio direction-finder
and echo-sounding apparatus are out of action. The ship requests
ice reports and announcement of our planes.
The decision as to proceeding eastwards may therefore be delayed
until 28 Mar.
Group North has been advised accordingly by Naval Staff. Confir-
mation has been sent to REGENSBURG, by radiogram llhSf as follows:
"Submarine has transmitted report as per operational orders,
according to which the ship will be at "Anton" on 28 Mar. Further
orders as to proceeding east will follow."
REGENSBURG has been informed, by radiogram 2131, of position lines
of the following convoys for 26 Mar. :
a.) SC 123 from AK 29 to 92.
b.) ONS 1 from AJ 52 to 68.
c.) ON 2 from AK lU via 01 to 58.
d,) HX 230 in AJ 9U on northeasterly course.
Weather report has been transmitted to EEGENSBttrG and KARIN by
radiogram 1558. The forecast is favorable for the operation:
"Southeast freshening to force 5-7, mainly overcast, clouding-
up, rain, frequent fog in the Denmark Strait."
The PIETRO 0RSE0L0 has received the following order by radiogram
HUi5:
1.) At 1600 mean local time, make for submarine rendezvous
and wait for her within radius of ten miles until nightfall. If
no result, repeat on the following days.
2.) Passage eastwards delayed. After meeting submarine, wait
in grid squares CD 30, 50 and 60, Obtain grid square chart from
submarine.
All vessels in foreign waters have been advised by radiogram 2337,
supplementary to radiogram I81i9 of 23 Mar., that enemy planes of
- 332 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
the types Beaufighter, Stirling, Halifax, Lancaster and Liberator
may also be encountered in and west of Biscay and that Radio
Ferrol gave warning of a drifting mine at hh°6» N, 8°25' W, on 23
Mar.
II. Situation West Area,
1, Enemy Situation!
At 1330 our air reconnaissance reported two corvettes
and one fast escort vessel in GG 5582 (directly off Lisbon),
Information on British minefields, as of September 19^2, in the
areas between Scotland and the Faroe Islands and on the Norwegian
coast off Malangen Fiord has been gained from material captured on
the British FT boat which ran aground off Floroe, Entries have
been made on charts by Naval Intelligence Division as per l/Skl
876/13 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. VI.
According to an intelligence report of 2h Mar. forwarded by In-
telligence Station, Wilhelmshaven, an Anglo-American landing near
St. Nazaire is expected in the near future.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast t
Long-range reconnaissance for the REIHER was unsuccessful.
A repeat flight on 26 Mar. has been requested. While on sea-rescue
search for submarine U "665" on 2h Mar., a Ju 88 plane was lost
while making an emergency landing after hitting the water during
low flight. In order to rescue the crew, seen to be drifting in
life-jackets, three Ju 88' s flew over Spanish territorial waters
and parachuted a non-commissioned officer near Cedeira to organize
rescue work from the next harbor.
One ELM/j mine was cleared off La Pallice.
Channel Coast:
Minesweepers "1*626" and "1*625" which, on 2h Mar., were
engaged by enemy PT boats off the coast of Brittany, have returned
without damage or losses.
On 2U Mar., the 10th Motor Minesweeper Flotilla cleared three
"Mark 19" mines with snag lines off Boulogne.
- 333 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 har. 19 1*3 cc.titi: tial
Ftob 2302 to 232? two of our p-atrcl boats in position were engaged
by six enemy FT boats and night fighters. One enemy PT boat was
sunk. Our vessels had one nan killed but were not damaged.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Ir.emy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there were 22 stealers
proceeding north off Orfordness in the afternoon. Many small
vessels were ocserved off the Thames and on the southeast coast,
CVn Situation:
3etween Scheveningen and Wangeroog eleven ELy/j mines
were cleared.
The Hook - Elbe convoy put in to Helder for the night. Other
escort and patrol services in the area of Commanding Admiral, De-
f erases, North were carried out according to plan,
2. Norway/No rt he rn Wate rs ;
Enemy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, two ice-breakers with
three steamers were en route from the Gorlo Strait to Yokonga.
Air activity over the North Sea was normal; the Iceland squadrons
were not on operation.
The ice border in northern waters has receded to the east and
north about 30 to UO ndles. Bear Island is almost ice-free on
all sides.
At 07L5, air reconnaissance sighted a submarine on course 60°
about 210 miles northwest of Kristiansund. At 0720, three vessels,
probably minesweepers, were moving south at the northern tip of
the Faroes. At the same time, two steamers of 1,500 - 3,000 ORT
were sighted on the vest side of the Faroes and a probable hospi-
tal ship on course 330° south of the Orkney Islands.
Own Situation;
On 22 ?4ar. a Russian gun fired four rounds from the Ry-
bachi Peninsula on the fiord entrance of Fetsamo. In the morning
a rratwirlnn periscor<e was sighted by the Kroken Battery near
Korsnaes. chase La under way.
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25 Mar, 19 k3 CONFIDENTIAL
Escort service was carried out according to plan,
BEITZEN's passage from Narvik to Alta has been delayed as her
propeller is out of action.
For brief report of Admiral, Northern Waters on the attempt to
capture the cutter flying the Norwegian war ensign on 23 Mar, at
6U°3U ■ N, 5°5l' E, see teletype lliiO. The vessel wis abandoned
and showed traces of machine-gun fire. She sank while in tow
after radio and equipment, including a chart, had been taken from
on board. The dinghy was missing.
Commander, Submarines, Norway and the Fleet having declared their
approval of the transfer of the submarine supply service from
Kirkenes to Hammerfest, Naval Staff has no objections to abolish-
ing the Kirkenes torpedo command. Quartermaster Division, how-
ever, has been instructed to stock 30 reserve torpedoes in
Kirkenes for destroyers and torpedo boats and to set up a torpedo
establishment for their upkeep. The torpedo barrage batteries at
Kirkenes can draw on the reserve torpedoes stored for the naval
forces.
No special reports have been received from our submarines. The
patrol line has been ordered to turn back, as the northern wing
of the patrol line going northeast has encountered thick drift
ice in AB 7179 .
Strictest secrecy must be maintained in regard to the use of the
northern passage by blockade runners returning from overseas un-
til the last blockade runner, the IRENE, has come in. The car-
goes they bring are of such vital war importance that no sacrifice
or trouble must be spared to keep knowledge of this operation from
the enemy. Relevant orders in regard to the handling of ships
entering the Norwegian area have been issued to Naval Group North
by 1/Skl I k 89 5 A3 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Part C,
Vol, Ha,
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
A mine was cleared ahead of the Oslo-Aarnus convoy south of Anholt,
Nineteen vessels and one minesweeping plane were engaged in
channel sweeping in the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
Baltic. The steamer KAP GUIR, sailing alone in the Kattegat, was
aamaged by a mine north of Anholt and was escorted to Aalborg.
Other escort service was carried out according to plan.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that clearing of the en-
trance to Tallinn and of Tallinn Bay has been carried out accord-
ing to plan. Barrage section "Nashorn 1 A" was laid,
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25 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
The steamer BTJNGSBERG sank south of Naissar following two mine
hits.
Admiral, Baltic States reports that there was considerable enemy
gunfire against the battery position in the coastal area of Kron-
stadt Bay throughout the day and night of 2ii Mar. After Army
guns had shelled Leningrad a large fire was observed in the town.
According to photographic air reconnaissance, seven s ingle -engined
planes were noted on the Lavansaari airfield. During the night of
2U Mar. , an enemy air attack on Tytersaari caused slight damage to
houses and disrupted communications.
At Talinn, enemy air attacks during the evening and night of 2U
Mar. caused considerable damage to buildings and three large fires,
The garrison was assigned to fire -fighting.
V. Merchant Shipping.
1. Naval Staff requested on 25 Jan. 1°U3 that, in view of
the increasing PT boat threat in the Norwegian area, merchant
vessels on the Norwegian run should be armed. In this regard,
Quartermaster Division states that, due to the shortage of medium
and heavy anti-aircraft guns, this request cannot be fulfilled at
any near date since all new production of armament is committed
for vessels in the Mediterranean. However, the boats of 5th and
7th Motor Minesweeper Flotillas employed in the northern area have
meantime had their anti-aircraft armament increased.
This situation is yet another reason to give up arming the mer-
chant vessels in Baltic Sea traffic.
2. In the course of a report on the result of the dis-
cussion on 5 Mar. concerning the difficulties of the Rotterdam
traffic, the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping sets forth
the possibilities of transferring part of that traffic to the
railroad and the inland waterways. The Reich Commissioner of
Maritime Shipping has called the attention of the Ministry of
Transportation and the industrial producers interested in transpor-
tation to the fact that it is essential to exploit available
possibilities of restricting sea traffic to Rotterdam to about one
million tons of coal and ore in view of the increasingly dangerous
situation.
North Sea Station and Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North have
been informed by Naval Staff.
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25 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation;
Reconnaissance activity in the Bay of Biscay was normal,
20 enemy planes being sighted.
2. Own Situation:
No reports of success have been received from our subma-
rines. Groups "Seewolf" and "Seeteufel" in the North Atlantic
are in position lines from AK 1*736 as far as BD 27lU, and AJ 2351*
as far as AK U576, respectively. Temporary contact made by subma-
rine U "592" in AD 981*5 with a large vessel accompanied by two de-
stroyers, apparently a damaged whaler of li*,000 GRT, led to no
success on account of poor visibility and rain showers.
The attention of the Commanders of these two Groups has again been
drawn to the definite ban on attacking unaccompanied vessels in a
strip 200 miles wide north of Route "Anton".
For the interception of a slow southbound convoy, eight submarines
in the south have formed Group "Seeraeuber" which, at 1700 on 26
Mar., is to be in patrol line DH 9768 to 9898.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
The 3rd Air Force had ll*2 planes out on operation in the
west area and 1* in the Mediterranean.
In the afternoon enemy planes flew into the areas of Abbeville
and Boulogne. The attacks had no great effect. During the night
of 25 Mar., two courier planes were observed en route to Sweden
and an incursion by one plane from the eastern front into the
area of Lublin and back, presumably to drop agents.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
In the Tunisian area eight enemy planes were shot down.
The mission by our bombers against the cruiser formation reported
to be near Malta produced no results.
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25 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
During the night of 25 Mar. four torpedo bombers were sent out
against an enemy convoy west of Algiers.
3. Eastern Front:
No special reports have been received.
Special Items:
Chief, Air Force General Staff has asked Naval Staff to
permit night fighting at all altitudes for a period of about lk
days in the area off the west coast of North Schleswig and Jutland
and over the Baltic Sea entrances, in order to combat enemy planes
penetrating into the Litzmannstadt - Warsaw area with sabotage
material and agents.
VIII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1, Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
The large convoys which came through the Straits of
Gibraltar from the west on the forenoon of 21* Mar. were two
different formations. In the convoy that put in to Gibraltar, 6
more LST's were identified, making a total of 16 vessels of this
type in port.
At 0715 on 25 Mar., a convoy of 8 large transports and 2 steamers
with u escort vessels, coming from the Mediterranean, passed
Ceuta going towards the Atlantic. In the forenoon, a loaded
French troop transport and a ballast steamer, with four escort
vessels, put in to Gibraltar from the Atlantic. At the same time
Ceuta reported sighting 6 large and 2 small unidentified vessels
with course to the Mediterranean. In the afternoon h steamers
and 1 escort vessel sailed for the Atlantic.
According to an intelligence report, four minesweepers loaded
with mines and bound for Gibraltar, left British harbors on 8 Mar.
The Intelligence Service reports from an Italian source, consider-
able land, sea and air transport of troops and aircraft material
to the east in Morocco, Algiers and Tunis. The number of Anglo-
American troops in these three areas is estimated at 1*00,000 men.
The units speak of an impending large-scale landing operation
which is said to be planned in addition to the offensive on the
Tunisian front.
On 23 Mar. the Military Attache, Tangier reported that 2li U.S.
landing craft of 130 tons each entered the Mediterranean from
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25 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Casablanca. From the same source it is reported that free
merchant ships have recently been concentrated in English ports.
Considerable convoy traffic was observed in the Western Mediter-
ranean. The large convey reported from Ceuta on 2k Mar. was re-
ported by submarine U "77" at 0731 to be in CH 7683 proceeding at
nine knots. It was attacked without results. One of our planes
reported that at 1335 the convoy was 30 miles north of Oran and
consisted of 31 merchant vessels, three of them of up to 20,000
GRT. According to another submarine report, the convoy was 20
miles north of Cape Tenes at 23h5.
A westbound convoy of 20 steamers, with 3 destroyers was reported
by one of our submarines at 1520 in CH 8359 •
Naval Intelligence Division has reported on the situation in the
Western Mediterranean to Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff, Air Force, Operations Staff, Army General Staff, Group
West, Group South and German Naval Command, Italy. Reference is
made to the conspicuous increase of special vessels for landing
purposes at Gibraltar. In regard to the convoy situation, Naval
Intelligence Division states that all the regular Mediterranean
convoys to be expected from U.S.A. and Great Britain have arrived.
This movement has been completed by the arrival of the KMS 11
convoy from England, which had been reported in the Atlantic as
consisting of about 55 vessels. Part of this large convoy has
been routed to Morocco. Thirty-five steamers and three tankers
have entered Gibraltar; only four steamers proceeded on to the
Mediterranean. The amount of shipping in the Western Mediter-
ranean is almost unchanged at l.l million GRT; about U50,000 GRT
of this are in Gibraltar.
Although convoy traffic corresponds to the usual schedule and the
convoys are not unusual either as regards size or composition,
Naval Intelligence Division agrees with Armed Forces High Command,
Foreign Armies West that, in view of the amount of troops and
material already in North Africa, the continued transport traffic
to that area is a striking indication that an enemy action is to
be expected, which is emphasized by the remarkable recent increase
in landing transport craft. The fact that the greater part of the
KMS 11 convoy remained in Gibraltar would appear to indicate that
such an enemy operation will not begin immediately.
At 1030 a submarine was detected west of Marsala.
In the Eastern Mediterranean, little shipping was observed.
At 1200 there were 7 steamers with h escort vessels 30 miles
northeast of Tobruk on westerly course. At 1130 a light cruiser
was reported to be southwest of Haifa on northeasterly course.
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25 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
An enemy landing near Gabes, reported by the Italians, is con-
sidered improbable by Commanding General, Armed Forces, South and
German Naval Command, Italy.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines were in the operational area.
At 0731, submarine U "77" missed a large eastbound convoy in CH
7683 with a spread of four torpedoes. At 1519, submarine U "131"
attacked a westbound convoy in CH 8359 with five torpedoes which
missed. Submarine U "56l" is en route to Toulon to repair damage
caused by planes.
Submarine U "593" left Salamis for the east.
FT boats were not out on operation on account of bad weather.
Minesweepers M "6021" and M "6023" and the five auxiliary motor
minesweepers put back to harbors on the south coast of France be-
cause of the bad weather. The ex-French destroyer PANTHERE left
Toulon on 23 Mar. for Italy.
A heavy enemy air attack was made from a high altitude on the
town and harbor of Sousse between lli08 and lUi3. One harbor tug,
one salvage tug and an Italian PT boat were sunkj the mole and
approach roads were damaged.
The Italian High Command has issued preliminary instructions on
the temporary shifting of part of the supply traffic for the
troops fighting in Southern Tunisia to small coastal vessels.
This will be put into effect by special order. The organizational
preparations will be made by German Naval Command, Italy. It will
arrange for the necessary German- Italian anti-aircraft protection
with the 2nd Air Force, the Italian Air Force and Army Group
Africa. Orders for the flank protection of the Tunisian east
coast by mine barrages will be issued by the Italian High Command.
(See teletype 121x5 ) .
With reference to the development of the supply situation, German
Naval Command, Italy has requested, in agreement with Staff Paige
and Chief, Supply and Transport, Italy that, contrary to the
present plan, the war transports be taken over immediately by the
Navy after their conversion as military transports has been com-
pleted. The ships are to carry solely military crews and will be
grouped into a flotilla. They are to be used in groups of two to
four vessels. The war transport flotilla will be under Chief,
Supply and Transport, Italy for military purposes, and operation-
ally directly under German Naval Command, Italy. Docking will
remain the task of the Deputy for German Sea Transportation in
- 3li0 - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar, 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
the Mediterranean. The reason given for this is that, from pre-
vious experience, the crew's efficiency is considerably enhanced
by militarization. (See teletype 22hO).
The matter will be examined by Quartermaster Division.
3« Sea Transport Situation;
The tanker HERRENSCHMIDT with submarine-chasers "2205"
and "2208" arrived in Naples. During the night of 22 Mar., four
German naval landing craft were unsuccessfully attacked by two
enemy PT boats 30 miles north of Tunis. On its return passage
from Bizerta the convoy TOMASEO has been re-routed to Leghorn.
One vessel from the south harbors entered Nice and another entered
Ajaccio. Two others are still at sea.
h. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
Convoy traffic was carried out according to plan.
Admiral, Aegean Sea has asked the Italian Admiralty, through
German Naval Command, Italy, to limit hospital ship traffic in
the Aegean Sea to a minimum in order to prevent betraying the
mine-free channels. (See teletype 1210).
Black Sear
Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, little shipping was ob-
served off the east coast during the forenoon.
Own Situation;
Due to weather conditions there were no PT boat oper-
ations. No reports have come in from our submarines in the oper-
ational area. Shipping between Constantza and Sevastopol has
been resumed. Ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch was
greatly hampered by a northeasterly wind. In the afternoon load-
ing had to be stopped again. Enemy air attacks on Taman and Kerch
caused no damage.
2,800 persons, 1,329 horses, 280 motorized and liOO horse-drawn
vehicles were ferried over to the west.
- 3lil - CONFIDENTIAL
25 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Due to bad weather the 9th Anapa transport did not put to sea.
On the basis of the reports of Admiral, Black Sea concerning the
incident with General Dostler, Naval Staff plans to suspend the
representations made to Army General Staff. Group South, Admiral,
Black Sea and Special Naval Transport Staff "Scheurlen" have been
advised accordingly.
In regard to Group South's request for the assignment of six naval
landing craft ( artillery) , Operations Division has submitted to
Quartermaster Division the opinion that the 15, 10 and 25 vessels
of this type allotted to Commanding Admiral, Defenses, West, Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North and Admiral, Norway respectively,
should not be diverted. Since it is not planned to convert more
than these 50 naval landing craft ( artillery) , the request of
Group South cannot ue fulfilled for the time being. The possi-
bility of providing sleeping and galley accomodation on artillery
motor lighters will, however, be investigated.
IX. Situation East Asia.
The U.S. Navy Department has announced the sinking of a Japanese
submarine in the Pacific by a U.S. submarine. According to "DNBM,
the Japanese Information Office has announced that the Japanese
steamer TAKACHIO MARU was sunk by a U.S. submarine off Formosa
Island on 19 Mar.
In the Sea of Ochotsk, the Russian steamer KOLA was sunk by a
submarine. Sixty-nine of the crew perished. The Japanese press
attributes this sinking to a U.S. submarine. The Russians,
through "Tass", refute this statement, thus implying Japanese re-
sponsibility.
- 3li2 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
Great Britain;
On 25 Mar. a debate was held in the House of Commons on the con-
voy battle in the North Atlantic. Churchill refused to correct
the allegedly exaggerated number of sinkings reported by the
Germans in order not to give any information to the enemy. He
merely declared that, today, the United Nations had larger fleets
at sea than in the worst moment of the submarine campaign. This
improvement was continuing. Even at a secret session no more
factual reports could be made.
East Asia;
The Japanese/Russian fishing agreement has been extended for one
year.
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff approved the order of Quartermaster
Division for the HIPPER' s provisional transfer to Pillau. Subse-
quent transfer to Libau is to be considered.
Otherwise no special reports or decisions.
Special Items.
I. Naval ( Ship) Construction Division held an inter-office con-
ference on the following types of ships and boats;
Fleet torpedo boats types It2 and 1*3, destroyers type 36 C,
escort boats type tl and multi-purpose boats. In regard to the
latter type, reference is made to an abstract from the annual re-
port for 19 &2 of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North. Copy of
this abstract from l/Skl 5888/li3 Gkdos., Appendix 2 and minutes
of above conference as per l/Skl III a 898O/U3 Gkdos. in War
Diary, Part B, Vol. V.
II. Service instructions for Vice Admiral Ruge for the duration
of his command with the Italian Admiralty have been worked out by
Quartermaster Division, Organization and Mobilization Branch. The
designation of the office "German Staff with the Italian Admiralty"
has been agreed upon between Vice Admiral Ruge, German Naval Com-
mand, Italy and Naval Staff. However, German Naval Command, Italy
- 3U3 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
hesitates to approve Vice Admiral Ruge's proposal that he, as a
part of Italian Admiralty, will be in charge of the commitment of
German escort formations.
The final service instructions will provide that
the German command functions ( except for FT boats
and submarines) will rest with Vice Admiral Huge,
while German Naval Command, Italy will continue to
act as liaison staff for all matters except patrol
and escort for the Tunisian supply service, for
which it will act as Quartermaster General for the
German Staff with the Italian Admiralty. Besides
that, German Naval Command, Italy will continue to
have operational command of PT boats and to super-
vise Commander, Submarines, Italy as heretofore.
The Command with the Italian Admiralty is to be
considered as provisional in nature and as a basis
for the future fusion of the two German offices in
Rome.
Finally it is to be provided that Admiral, German Naval Command,
Italy shall be Vice Admiral Ruge's representative.
III. The Naval Attache, Istanbul has forwarded a report from the
Military Attach§, Ankara on a discussion with the Chief of the
Turkish Armed Forces, Marshal Cakmak, and his Chief of General
Staff, in which an assessment of the war situation led to the
quite understandable Turkish suggestion that Germany should not
permit her eastern plans to be in any way influenced by the possi-
bility of Anglo-American operations. The discussion closed with
a plea for continued confidence in Turkey, of which Germany might
be absolutely sure, even if it sometimes appeared otherwise.
Copy of the report as per l/Skl 9130/1*3 geh. in War Diary, Part B,
Vol. V.
The Turkish Marshal obviously felt it necessary to
make some compensation for the recent very un-
neutral statements of the Prime Minister.
IV. An intelligence report of 2h Mar. from a very reliable
"Ostrov" agent discusses the British preparations for an offensive.
From various indications, such as disposition of the air forces,
suspension of leave, etc., "Ostrov" concludes that preparations
for major actions are undoubtedly under way, though not for a
large-scale operation such as a continental invasion. As prepa-
rations were already started before the German counter-attack at
Charkov, it remains to be seen whether the original plans have
been modified.
- 3UU - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19 1 3 CONFIDENTIAL
We must also not neglect to keep an eye on the
political side of the enemy's preparations for
action. It is very probable, and can be deduced
from recent statements including Churchill's, that
the British and Americans are unwilling to start
large and perhaps decisive military operations until
the political consequences are clearly established.
Eden's trip to America may be assessed in this
light, as having been necessary to coordinate the
attitudes of Washington and London in respect to
Russia. There may be many soldiers on the enemy
side who deplore the fact that great military oppor-
tunities have to be wasted due to considerations of
political coalition.
Situation 26 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation!
Nothing special to report.
2. Own Situation:
The DOGGERBANK has been informed, by radiogram 02lli, that
she had not been sighted by our air reconnaissance up to noon on
25 Mar. and that at that time two corvettes and one fast escort
vessel were at waiting position ten miles west of Cape Espichel.
Weather report for 26 Mar. was transmitted to the DOGGERBANK by
radiogram 1118. Wind north-northeast force 3 - h, changing cloud
with mainly good visibility is forecast.
The positions of the Freetown - England convoy at 0800 on 26 Mar.
at U2°30» N, ll° W and of the northbound convoy of 35 ships with
h escort vessels (reported on 25 Mar.) at 38°U0' N, liio30* W at
1213, were transmitted by radiogram l61i9.
Chief of Staff, Naval Staff reported by teletype via Group West
to Chief, Naval Staff who is at present in Paris:
1.) On 28 Mar. the THUSNELDA will be at point "Anton"
ready to proceed east. Weather and ice conditions are favorable
for Route "Hamilkar."
2.) I suggest that THTSNELDA begin her passage east on
28 Mar.
- 3U5 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
3«) Since a teletype conversation with Chief, Operations
Branch, Group North indicates that previous objections to Route
"Hamilkar" still obtain, the Group will not take over command at
point "Anton" but approximately at the eastern outlet,
U.) It is planned for a submarine to stand by west of
the island for rescue purposes. Group North will do likewise.
The REGENSBURG has been informed by radiogram as follows:
1.) Plan to depart on Route "Hamilkar" on 28 Mar,
2.) Submarine reports: Ice limit from AE 2231 via 2281*
to AD 2931, from there direction 2li0°. Pack-ice barriers in
stages with drift and broken ice in front of them at places.
During reconnaissance wind was from the south. Since fog is
prevalent near the ice border and very thick in the Denmark
Strait, safe passage only in absolutely ice-free waters. No
patrol or location noted,
3,) If possible, keep outside the 200 meter line on the
northwest corner of the island.
Weather report for 26 Mar, was transmitted to the REGENSBURG and
KARIN by radiogram liill* Visibility conditions for the northern
passage are currently not unfavorable.
The KARIN and the PIETRO 0RSE0L0 have been ordered, by radiogram
1021, to deliver any courier mail on board to the submarines.
The PIETRO 0RSE0L0 has been ordered by radiogram 22lU:
"Leave from 'Venezia' so as to reach 'Benito1 by 1500 German
standard time, 30 Mar. at the latest. Expect destroyer from
northeast. Do not wait at rendezvous but proceed at maximum
speed in accordance with radiogram 1205/22, para. U. Expect Focke
Wulf planes after 20° W,"
IRENE has been informed, by radiogram 0257:
1.) Point "Jahrbuch" is shifted 250 miles to the east.
2.) REGENSBURG reports that at the beginning of March,
U.S. planes were sighted 300 miles east and 5U0 miles north-
northeast of St. Paul.
IRENE was further briefed by radiogram l8Ul on enemy movements in
the South Atlantic during the period 13-15 Mar.
- 3U6 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar, 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has advised the Naval Attache, Tokyo as follows:
"Since submarine warfare is planned as far as Mombasa -
Seychelles, extension of the operational area is requested as far
as the equator and west of 0°, 65° E to 20° S, 70° Ej Tokyo has
agreed."
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
At noon our air reconnaissance spotted a convoy of 35
steamers with 5 escort vessels on course north at 38°liOf N, lh°
30 ■ W.
Enemy reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was brisk, A British
vessel was located 60 miles west of Lisbon,
2, Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
One ELM/j mine was cleared off La Pallice. Group West
has requested repeat air reconnaissance for the REIHER on 27 Mar.
and anti-submarine protection for an ore steamer from Bilbao to
the Gironde.
Channel Coast;
During an engagement between two of our patrol boats and
six enemy PT boats in BF 3713 on the night of 25 Mar., one PT
boat was probably sunk. The boat blew up with a high tongue of
flame. Drifting wreckage was observed. In the same sea area four
boats of the 8th Minesweeper Flotilla were attacked by night
fighter bombers.
Torpedo operations by the 5th PT Boat Flotilla in the western
part of the Channel are planned for the evening of 26 Mar. The
2nd and 6th PT Boat Flotillas are to transfer to Ijmuiden,
III, North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters,
1, North Sea:
The Swedish steamer SYRIUS struck a mine near Rotersand
but with the assistance of tugs was able to proceed to Bremen.
- 3U7 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
Otherwise escort and patrol services in the area of Commanding
Admiral, Defenses, North were carried out according to plan.
The hth PT Eoat Flctilla transferred from Boulogne to the Hook
of Holland.
In reply tc a telephone inquiry, Group North, Operations Staff
has been advised as follows:
1.) Mine carriers for tarrages "SW 12" and nSW 13"
minesweepers. The following procedure seems advisable: First,
lay plenty of anti-sweeping devices in one or more operations.
Distribute over a large area so as to make formation of a barrage
gap difficult. As a final operation, lay mines in protected bar-
rage area; note exact navigational position with a view to our
own freedom of movement and area for further operations.
2.) For Barrage "lii" in short nights use only destroyers,
perhaps in April, during possible transfer to the north. Prepare
plans for corewencerent at short notice.
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation:
Teriberka reported drifting mines near Bol Oleni and
Schelpino. Aerial activity over the central and northern North
Sea in the direction of northern waters was brisk; operations of
the Iceland squadron were insignificant. One of our submarines
was attacked in AF llli6 by an enemy plane.
Own Situation:
In an enemy air attack on the Fetsamo airfield on 25 Mar.,
a direct hit on an anti-aircraft position damaged one gun. Twenty
vessels were escorted north and twenty south. Eight ships sailed
without escort.
Submarine chase in Bjoerne and Lysa Fiords ( south of Bergen) pro-
duced no results and was discontinued .
According to observations of Naval Shore Command, Mclde, two boats,
probably British PT boats, that were sighted putting in and out
north of Flaavaer, took part in the attack on the Army post on the
Dragesund bridge.
In regard to the mining of 'Vest Fiord, Group North has received
the opinions of all the authorities concerned who oppose this
plan and summarizes the objections as follows:
- 3U8 - CONFIDENTIAL
26 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
1.) Although the barrage would provide protection for
Narvik, it would greatly hamper our own freedom of movement, also
for merchant shipping, especially in conditions of poor visibility.
2.) The barrages do not last long because of the great
depth of water ( 1*00 meters).
3,) From previous experience, the barrage will rt suit
in losses only to ourselves. On the other hand, in view of the
depth of water and the extent of the barrage, even if large
numbers of mines are used, it will offer little protection against
penetrating submarines.
!*•) In order to give a sufficiently large training area
for the Fleet, the barrage would have to be laid at least on the
line Maloey - Yttertuven ( Lof otodden) .
5.) A sham barrage or warning to shipping, as proposed
by the Fleet, would, apart from a merely passing effect, impose
great restrictions on the Lofoten fishing.
Re 1.) - 5.): For these reasons, and because the minelaying would
call for numerous fully seaworthy patrol and escort vessels for
barrage pilot service, which cannot be provided owing to their
general shortage, the laying of a barrage is inadvisable.
Group North and Naval Command, Norway have been instructed by
Naval Staff to prepare barrage "16 d" ("Klein Erna") so that, if
the destroyers are transferred in April, it will be possible to
start it at short notice.
The BEITZEN has put out from Narvik for Alta. The 8th FT Boat
Flotilla has completed its firing exercises and sailed for Har-
stad. FT Boat "S 106" is making for Bodoe because of damage to
her steering gear.
Commander, Submarines, Norway has been ordered by Group North to
assign submarine "U 703" to ice reconnaissance; she is to proceed
on about 13 ' longitude southward in stages as far as 68° N. The
weather report position in AE 23 i3 to be taken up from l600 on
27 Mar.
At 0700 submarine "U 339" was damaged in AF lll*6 by aerial attack
and is returning to Trondheim. At 01*00 on 27 Mar., the patrol
line will be between AB 7lS5 and 7899.
With reference to the British report on plans for German naval
attacks against the Murmansk traffic (see War Diary, 23 Mar.),
Commanding Admiral, Task Force suggests that counter reports be
put out along the following lines:
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26 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
"a.) It has been decided to abandon Fleet operations in
favor of submarine warfare.
"b.) Shipping movements are designed to make it difficult
for the enemy to recognize this decisive measure before crews are
reduced and thus to continue tying down enemy forces beyond the
time when the ships are actually laid up."
Group North does not anticipate any special success from this
measure. Naval Staff is of the same opinion.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report, the DICTO and the
LIONEL are to await the next period of bad weather and are mean-
while to lie in the skerries and wait for fog. Their sailing may
possibly be combined with a planned attack on Denmark. Landing
craft for such an operation are said to be concentrated on the
British east coast.
It might at the most be a commando raid.
2. Own Situation:
The Hanstholm barrage gap is occupied by one patrol boat,
the Hirtshals - Arendal line by two patrol boats. One mine was
cleared north of Anholt. The steamer GUIR entered Aalborg. The
Danish steamer HELA (100 GET) sank after striking a mine in AO
7U65. Escort service and channel sweeping in the area of Command-
ing Admiral, Defenses, Baltic were carried out according to plan.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that barrage "Nashorn
II a" has been completed as scheduled with 978 UMA mines. While
preparing barrage "III a", the 1st Motor Minesweeper Flotilla
cleared 26 mines.
Admiral, Baltic States reports harassing gunfire on the coast of
Kronstadt Bay. No damage was done. The Lissi Noss - Oranienbaum
truck traffic was more intense than on foregoing days. There was
lively enemy air activity in the sea area of Tytersaari. During
the night of 25 Mar., Tallinn was again attacked by enemy planes.
Two sticks of bombs fell into the harbor area.
V. Merchant Shipping.
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26 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The Naval Attache, Madrid reports that the seven German ships
sold in Spain in 19 U2 will probably be put into service in April,
as British permission has now been obtained for the change of
flag. For details see War Diary, Part C, Vol. VIII.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situationt
One submarine-sighting report was intercepted 120 miles
west of Jamaica and another 60 miles southwest of Cuba.
2. Own Situationt
In the North Atlantic submarine U "56U" of Group "See-
teufel" intercepted a convoy on course 2li0° in AJ 3581 at 1850.
Other boats of the Group only made hydrophone contact. Submarine
U "663" reported an aircraft carrier. The situation is at present
obscure .
After passing through Denmark Strait, submarine U "191" reported
the ice border from AE 2231 via 2288 to AD 2931 then in direction
200°. No patrol or location activities were noted.
Submarine U "U55" passed 13° W on her way out for minelaying oper-
ations off Casablanca.
No action reports have been received from boats in the south. On
Route "Anton", section "C" has been opened for attacks on unac-
companied vessels until 29 Mar. inclusive.
Further details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
At 1900 on 20 Mar., the Japanese Liaison Officer advised that
there was no objection to the immediate extension of the German
operational area in the Indian Ocean as far as 0° and west of the
line 0°, 65° E to 20° S, 70° E.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
Forty-two planes of the 3rd Air Force were out on oper-
ation in the west area and four in the Mediterranean. For re-
connaissance results, see "Situation West Area." On 27 Mar.
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26 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
reconnaissance is planned by two planes off the west Portuguese
coast and by six planes between i*2° and U6° N to the west to the
range limit.
On 26 Mar. small enemy air formations and isolated planes flew
into the west area, strafing freight trains and traffic installa-
tions. Several locomotives were put out of action.
In the Egersund area, an enemy plane was shot down by anti-air-
craft fire after an unsuccessful attack on one of our convoys.
During the night of 26 Mar,, a total of 172 incursions were made
into Reich territory. In the Rhine - Westphalian industrial area,
120 enemy planes made harassing attacks on altogether kh towns
and places and six anti-aircraft gun positions. Great damage was
done to houses in Oberhausen and Duisburg. There was no fighter
defense because of bad weather.
A plane from the east entered the area of Lublin, presumably to
drop agents. Nineteen planes were reported in Western France in
the vicinity of the Loire estuary, but they made no attacks.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
The large eastbound enemy convoy was attacked north of
Cape Tenes by twelve torpedo bombers. Only one hit on a steamer
was reported. Another attack on the same convoy during the even-
ing was also apparently unsuccessful. During the night of 26 Mar.,
eight planes made a harassing attack on Algiers. There was great
air activity on both sides in the Tunisian battle area. Four
enemy fighters were shot down.
Photographic reconnaissance of Alexandria and Beirut furnished no
new information.
3. Eastern Front;
On 25 Mar., 37 enemy planes were shot down over the Army
fronts. From the Black Sea area and from the operational area of
the 5th Air Force there is nothing special to report.
Special Items;
Group North has advised Naval Staff, for information, of
the order that, on the basis of previous experience which does
not warrant any basic change, the system of night fighting as now
practiced will remain in force. (See teletype 23UO).
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26 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
VHI.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea,
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
In the forenoon three escort vessels entered Gibraltar
from the Atlantic, At noon a French transport with colored troops
aboard, 15 LST's, each with one LCT on deck, and 2k LCI's with 3
escort vessels left Gibraltar for the Mediterranean, Whether the
landing craft were loaded or not is not yet known. Ten LST's can
carry about 300 - UOO up to medium-heavy tanks, 20 LCT's, another
20 tanks and U,000 men. Of the KMS 11 convoy which entered the
Straits of Gibraltar on 2U Mar, in full strength of about 55 ships,
without deviation to Morocco, 33 are still in Gibraltar, The
other 22 ships were reported north of Cape Tenes about midnight
on 25 Mar, and off Algiers early on 26 Mar,
The transfer to the east of the special landing vessels un-
doubtedly represents a more acute situation. The destination of
the KMS 11 is not yet known. Supplementing the report of 25 Mar,,
Naval Intelligence Division has reported accordingly to Armed
Forces High Command, Operations Staff, Air Force Operations Staff,
Foreign Armies, West, the Naval Groups and German Naval Command,
Italy.
About 1600, the NELSON, RODNEY, FORMIDABLE and nine destroyers
put in to Gibraltar from the Mediterranean, According to an
Italian report, besides the warships, there were 65 steamers, 3
troop transports and 10 tankers in Gibraltar at 1800 on 25 Mar,
Great convoy activity was observed in the Western Mediterranean.
At 1920 our air reconnaissance sighted an eastbound convoy of
10 - 15 vessels 30 miles northeast of Algiers, At 1855 our subma-
rines reported a westbound convoy 50 miles west of Royan and at
midnight an eastbound convoy 20 miles northeast of Alboran con-
sisting of 20 vessels, presumably the landing craft formation.
The interception of an enemy convoy in the Sicilian Channel, re-
ported by the Italian hydrophone station at Trapani at 1150,
seems unlikely. Our reconnaissance produced no confirmation
whatsoever.*
At 0805 there was a westbound convoy of 9 steamers with 5 escort
vessels 10 miles northwest of Mersa Matruh.
According to an intelligence report of 3 Mar, from the Naval In-
telligence Station, Istanbul (source allegedly reliable), the
*No unusual shipping movements were observed in the Central and
Eastern Mediterranean,
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26 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
sale of ten Allied ships to Turkey is said to be a purely fic-
titious device for the purpose of protecting British ships by
means of the Turkish flag. The port of Suez is said to be jammed
with the many convoys coming from the U.S.A. From Feb. 1 - 20,
22 steamers and troop transports are said to have arrived in the
various harbors and roads of Cyprus and to have landed, among
other things, ammunition and a U.S. contingent of li,000 men.
These vessels left immediately after unloading. Two jetties 250
meters long are being built at Polis in order to expedite the
shipment of troops and material. About 50 mahones {Turkish vesselsj
have been noted in the vicinity of Polis and Lazi, and 20 more,
some of them pulled ashore, at other places. These vessels re-
semble the landing craft used by the British at Dieppe. Their
bows can be opened to allow tanks to drive out.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. At 00U2, submarine U "li31" probably sank a steamer of
6,000 - 8,000 GRT from an eastbound convoy in CH 826U, and tor-
pedoed a second steamer of 5,000 GRT. Submarine U "755" fired
a spread of three Pi-2 torpedoes at an unaccompanied steamer of
1,000 GRT in CH 7551. The steamer sank within 90 seconds. An-
other spread of three Pi-2 torpedoes was fired by the same boat
at an overlapping transport. Twelve minutes later a hit was
picked up by hydrophone; however, the result was not observed.
Submarine U "77" sighted a westbound convoy in CH 7676 and after
midnight on 26 Mar. an eastbound convoy of 20 vessels in CH 75U6.
FT boats and motor minesweepers were not sent out on account of
bad weather. The search by motor minesweepers and auxiliary
motor minesweepers for survivors from the destroyers sunk off
Cape Bon had to be discontinued on 25 Mar. on account of bad
weather. No reports have yet been received on the extent of the
losses.
Bue to the air raid of 2ii Mar., Ferryville has been temporarily
put out of action as a port of discharge. German Naval Command,
Tunisia states that reinforcement of anti-aircraft defense is
necessary. For details see teletype 1235.
In a brief report, Commander, 22nd Submarine Chaser Flotilla
gives details of the destruction of an enemy submarine which at-
tacked the steamer ZEILA on 23 Mar. Admiral, German Naval Com-
mand, Italy has acknowledged destruction of the submarine. (See
teletype 1205).
VJith reference to Group South' s assessment of the situation con-
cerning the use of submarines in the Eastern Mediterranean, German
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26 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Command, Italy contends that, in view of the overall situ-
ation, the main submarine theater should still be the Western
Mediterranean. The prospects of destroying shipping are at least
as great in that theater as in Eastern Mediterranean,
German Naval Command, Italy has forwarded a request from the
Italian Admiralty that, in view of the recent heavy Italian
merchant shipping losses, the transfer of the vessels still in
France which have been promised to Italy should be made urgent.
German Naval Command has reported information received verbally
from the Italian Admiralty on the newly planned disposition of
the Italian Fleet forces:
1.) Battleships (three operational) at Maddalena. Until
completion of the harbor (vessels, tugs, nets, etc.) to remain at
Speziaj in addition:
2.) The GORIZIA class cruisers already in Maddalena,
3 - k destroyers.
3») Later: addition of cruisers SAVOIA and MONTECUCCOLI
and altogether 12 - 15 destroyers, 9 - 10 of them for the battle-
ships, 3-5 for the cruisers.
lu) PT boats: In Porto Torres and Alghero a total of 8;
in Porto Vesme, 12 j in Corsica / Ajaccio, 8; in North Corsica, U.
No zoning but operations in accordance with situation.
5.) For submarines, certain zones southeast of Majorca.
West thereof, German submarines as before.
3« Sea Transport Situation:
On the evening of 25 Mar., a transport submarine entered
Sousse and put out again during the night after discharging 50
tons of cargo. On account of weather conditions, there was no
other shipping.
km Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea:
An attempt to sabotage the searchlight near Salamis was
again observed. Five steamers with Italian troops aboard entered
Candia from Piraeus. They are to sail again in the evening with
the assault brigade for Rhodes. The HERMES is to lead the convoy.
In view of this escort mission, the planned minelaying operation
in the Aegean area has been postponed.
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26 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Black Sea:
Energy Situation;
Little shipping off the east coast has been reported.
Own Situation;
FT boats were not out on operation due to weather con-
ditions. Ship "19" carried out a submarine chase on the Sevas-
topol - Sulina route. Off Eupatoria one of our convoys was
attacked at about 1300 by four torpedo bombers which fired four
torpedoes. Numerous telephone lines in Anapa were destroyed by
bombing. A Crimea towed convoy of 2ii vessels is en route from
Odessa to Sevastopol.
The ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch was hampered by
rough seas. In the afternoon loading in Taman had to be stopped.
The combined operations landing craft traffic to Kossa Chuchka
was especially brisk. The Army Group has requested an immediate
increase of supplies to the east to 1,500 tons per day. About
U,300 persons, 270 motorized and l#2 horse-drawn vehicles, 1,896
horses and other war materiel were ferried to the west.
The General Dostler affair has been settled by a personal inter-
view with Admiral Scheurlen.
Group South reports that, at the Nicolayev shipyard, the original
plan for construction of nine war transports, three with anti-
submarine equipment, has been reduced to six. The operational
situation in the Black Sea, however, makes the further con-
struction of six war transports absolutely essential. The matter
will be further handled by Quartermaster Division.
IX. Situation East Asia.
No special reports have been received.
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27 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
France t
The Colonial and Navy Ministries have been combined and placed
under control of Rear Admiral Blehaut. The Ministries of War
and Air have also been combined into a Ministry of Defense under
the former War Minister, General Bridoux. A number of Ministers
have withdrawn from the Vichy Cabinet, including Admiral Abrial
and Admiral Platon.
Numerous envoys and ambassadors have recently left their posts
and gone over to the side of the dissenters.
Spain;
•
In a report dated 20 Feb., the Japanese Military Attache in Madrid
describes the situation in Spain. He is of the opinion that Spain
is unable to think seriously of defense due to her own inef-
ficiency, the lack of material assistance from the Axis Powers
and the public !s antipathy. The question of The Monarchist Party
and the revival of Communism are the causes of the nation's in-
ternal weakness. Against her own will, Spain is slowly approach-
ing the Anglo-Americans and gradually estranging herself from the
Axis Powers. The Anglo-Americans are making every effort to ap-
proach Spain and, exploiting the present war situation, to in-
filtrate with troops and arms.
Portugal:
The press, in close contact with and obviously inspired by the
Government, has declared that Great Britain, as personified by
Churchill, and Portugal, as personified by Salazar, have the same
basic aims.
Great Britain;
The British Ministry of Supply has stated that rubber supply situ-
ation for the rest of 19U3 is critical.
Conference on the Situation with Chief of Staff, Naval Staff.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
The delivery of German submarines to Japan has come to the
knowledge of the Italian Navy. In view of the well-known sensi-
tiveness of the Japanese, this indiscretion, which is probably
attributable to the Foreign Office, is extremely regrettable. It
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27 Mar, 19 ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
will be necessary to prepare an answer to be given in case the
Japanese should question us on this matter. It would be advisa-
ble to inform the Foreign Office through the permanent repre-
sentative of Commander in Chief, Navy at Fuehrer Headquarters or
Herr Hewel, the Foreign Office representative at Fuehrer Head-
quarters.
No other special reports or dec is ions .
Special Items:
I. Group West reports that it is planned to start Operation
"Elisabeth" on 29 Mar. The 3rd Air Force has therefore been
asked to carry out reconnaissance with the strongest forces
possible and to the maximum range from 27 Mar. until probably
31 Mar. At the same time the search for the KEIHER is still
necessary.
II. In a discussion between Commander in Chief, Air Force and
Naval Staff on the question of Air Force operations in northern
waters, Air Force Operations Staff concluded from Naval Staff's
opinion as set forth on 20 Mar., that it was also the view of
High Command, Navy that joint action should be concentrated on
attacks on enemy merchant ships. Commander in Chief, Air Force
feels that employment of the Air Force against naval forces can
be ruled and ordered only as occasion arises. Air Force Oper-
ations Staff has no objections to contact being made between
Naval Group North and the 5th Air Force on this matter.
As a result of this, Admiral, Northern Waters reports that his
discussions with Air Commander, Lofoten reveal that a heavy enemy
group could be effectively engaged or even merely driven off only
if our air forces are considerably increased, especially since
the only torpedo bombers available are the He "115" type, which
are unsuitable for this purpose. The only prospect of success
lies, however, in combined attack by strong forces of torpedo
planes and bombers in waves. The 5th Air Force has confirmed
this view of Air Commander, Lofoten and considers the effective
engagement of a heavy enemy group by the present forces, which
currently comprise only twelve operational planes, to be as good
as hopeless. In any case, the 5th Air Force does not believe
that, with the present number of forces, the enemy's freedom of
movement can be seriously hampered, especially as it must be as-
sumed that he is fully informed in regard to our weakness in the
air. The 1st Group, 30th Bomber Wing could only tie down the
enemy once and this would be merely temporary.
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27 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
In view of this, Group North considers that the time has corae to
request from Commander in Chief, Air Force an allocation of
forces, particularly modern torpedo planes.
Naval Staff is of the opinion that, in view of the
overall position in regard to the commitment of our
naval forces and the well-known personal attitude
of the Fuehrer, Group North's request cannot be
recommended. Naval Staff considers that the effect
of even a limited engagement of our air forces has
been underrated by the Air Force and the enemy's
knowledge of our weakness overestimated. Naval
Staff will advise Chief, Naval Staff to this effect.
III. The Army's 19^2 summer offensive in the east did not achieve
^ its aim - the Caucasus oil. A repetition of this operation in
the summer of 19^3 would hardly have better prospects - even if
there were the forces available for this purpose. However, it is
possible that the advance into the Caucasus might be made by sea,
into the Poti - Batum area. This operation might perhaps be less
costly in lives and have more prospect of success.
In order to clarify the possibilities of performing such an oper-
ation and the necessary material conditions, Naval Group South
has been instructed to compile a study on a combined operation
against the Caucasian coast with the aim of an "expedition"
through Transcaucasia to Baku.
IV. Quartermaster Division has ordered Admiral, Landing Craft
and Bases to transfer at once a first group of ten naval landing
craft, with crews, to Rotterdam where, in cooperation with the
Dockyard Control Staff, Holland, they are to be fitted out and
% completed for use in the Mediterranean. Fitting up for their
transport overland to the Mediterranean will be handled by the
Deputy of High Command, Navy, Dr. Scholz, in cooperation with the
D.A.P.G. (German General Oil Company).
Transfer route: Seine - Auxerre - Chalon sur Saohe - Rhone.
Three naval landing craft are to be at Auxerre by 18 Apr.
V. The Finnish Military Attache in Bern has heard from the U.S.
Military Attache" there that German submarines have inflicted con-
siderable losses on the U.S. Navy. The Allies lost 15J million
tons in 19^2 as compared with 17 million tons of new construction.
Due to Russian pressure, the U.S.A. would be forced to attempt a
landing in France, although the Americans were quite sure that
German fortifications in France had been improved in the last few
months and that a large number of troops had been transferred to
France from the Russian front. However, the Americans had lately
been able to train excellent airborne forces and were prepared to
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27 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
use 500,000 men in such a landing attempt. Other sources have
stated that the U.S.A. have been able to deliver U,000 armored
cars of the latest type alone to Russia during the past six months.
VI. The Naval Attache, Rome reports the following information
from the Japanese Military Attache, Stockholm:
1.) In his negotiations with Eden in London, Molotov is said
to have obtained British agreement for an unhindered Russian ad-
vance into Scandinavia and on the Balkans. This agreement stands
in the way of an understanding between Great Britain and the
U.S.A. in regard to the establishment of a second front,
2.) The U.S.A. are said to have demanded that Great Britain
establish a second front in Northern Scandinavia and in the
Balkans regardless of the Anglo-Russian agreement mentioned in
para. 1.) above, as the U.S.A. do not want the Russians to advance
into Scandinavia and the Balkans. On the other hand, Great
Britain does not want to carry out any landing operation on the
French Channel coast. There are therefore said to be considerable
difficulties at the moment.
3.) Many new airfields have been set up on Cyprus, British
long-range bombers are now arriving there.
According to information from a Japanese major in Tangier, dated
20 Mar., Allied forces in North Africa amount to over 30 di-
visions, including ten divisions of British territorial troops.
1,000 planes are said to be at the disposal of the Allied Air
Force.
VII. A map exercise on a large-scale British landing in Norway
( time - March 19^3) has been carried out by Group North on the
basis of the actual strengths on both sides.
The map exercise led to the conclusion that a landing in the
Bodoe area is very improbable, in the Harstad area improbable and
is not to be expected in the area of Namsos or Trondheim so long
as Germany has the present number of reserves in Norway and the
possibility of reinforcing them from home. There is no oper-
ational aim to be attained by the enemy from the Bergen area.
An operation in the Kirkenes area aiming at Finland, Northern
Sweden and Northern Norway might be contemplated but could not
achieve surprise. The obvious idea of cutting off Norway by
seizing Jutland would necessarily fail, due to the too close
proximity of our sources of powerj Such an attempt would be
nothing but an episode.
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27 Mar. 19 li 3
CONFIDENTIAL
Major operations with wide aims need hardly therefore be taken
into consideration in the areas mentioned.*
Commanding Admiral, Group North concurs in the conclusions of the
map exercise and especially emphasizes that the greatest danger
of large-scale enemy operations is to be expected in other war
theaters, such as the decisive key position of the Dardanelles.
Naval Staff has noted the performance and results
of the map exercise with interest. In its opinion,
even landing operations with limited aims, such as
the map exercise has shown to be practicable, could
have decisive and far-reaching effects. If the
enemy were to dig-in in the Bodoe area, for example,
supplying of the Armed Forces in Northern Norway,
and to some extent in Lapland, would be so jeopard-
ized as to entail serious consequences for the
Northern Finnish front. How this would affect the
attitudes of Finland and Sweden is obvious. In any
case, any actions that might comprise a quick thrust
towards Sweden are the most dangerous. To the enemy,
Sweden represents the bridge to the Baltic Sea and
it is on freedom of movement in the Baltic that the
whole submarine campaign stands or falls.
Even a small scale attack in the Petsamo area, if not checked,
would have far reaching effects as soon as the nickel and nickel
ore exports to Germany were interrupted. It would even occasion
serious gaps in armaments if these exports, $0% of which go by
sea, were to be held up by interruption of our Arctic Coast
traffic at Bodoe.
On the whole, from the knowledge gained by Group North from the
map exercise, it would be a mistake to underestimate the threat
to the Norwegian area just because large-scale operations with
widespread aims are out of the question. Even the limited targets
which have been judged attainable are of sufficient importance to
call for the commitment of all forces, as heretofore, in the pro-
tection of the Northern area and defense against attacks on its
coasts.
Situation 27 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
*0n the other hand, raids and operations of a limited nature are
possible and to be expected.
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CONFIDENTIAL
27 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
1. Enemy Situation:
According to an intelligence report from a diplomatic
source in Portugal, a large convoy, for which 15 large tankers
are said to be loading in Galveston and about UO freighters in
Norfolk and in Newport News, will leave the U.S.A. for Liverpool
on 7 Apr. Furthermore, it is said that a great number of very
heavy bombers will transfer from Rochester to England and Casa-
blanca early in April.
2. Own Situation:
The DOGGERBANK has been informed, by radiogram 1208, that:
1.) Naval Staff is at present uncertain as to her
position;
2.) air reconnaissance for her continues;
3.) by dead reckoning, the most southerly north-
bound convoy will be at IiO° N, lli° W, speed 10 knots, on the
morning of 27 Mar. and that no southbound convoy from England is
to be expected for the next few days: the air west of the coast
is therefore clear.
The weather report for DOGGERBANK for 27 Mar. which forecasts good
visibility, has been transmitted by radiogram I636.
By radiogram 0116 the REGENSBURG was advised of the interception
of a convoy by our submarines at about 2000 on 26 Mar. in grid
square AJ 3552, at first on course 2li0°, afterwards on course 10°.
It is possible that there were two convoys.
Chief, Naval Staff has decided that REGENSBURG is to leave point
"Anton" on 28 Mar. via Route "Hamilkar", and that Naval Staff will
be in control up to about point "Max". A submarine will remain
at point "Max" from 30 Mar. to 2 Apr. or until the REGENSBURG
passes. The submarine is not assigned to meet the REGENSBURG but,
if possible, to sight and afterwards to report her and to stand
by for rescue work. Similar measures will be taken in the west-
ern sector. Naval Staff will inform Group North of this in-
struction. Copy as per teletype l/Skl I a 9 25 A3 Gkdos. Chefs.
in War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
By radiogram 172U the REGENSBURG has been instructed to depart
from point "Anton" via Route "Hamilkar" on 28 Mar. so as to pass
the point "J" section by night if possible. In addition, REGENS-
BURG has been advised by radiogram 172U that, contrary to the
operational order, Naval Staff will retain control as far as
about point "Max" and thereafter will turn it over to Group North.
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*
♦
27 Mar. 19l*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Radiogram 132li to REGENSBURG, with copy to KARIN, orders that once
the break-through has been started, it is to be carried through.
Naval Staff estimates current weather and enemy situations to be
favorable, A Murmansk convoy is unlikely. Even in case of
damage, for instance by ice, the ship will proceed so long as she
is still able to. In case fog and ice do not permit of maximum
speed, it should be remembered that fog is the ship's best pro-
tection.
Weather report for the REGENSBURG and KARIN was forwarded by
radiogram 1U09. Visibility in the route area is still favorable
for execution of the operation.
The REGENSBURG and KARIN have been informed by radiogram 1530 that
some drifting mines from the barrage inside the 200 meter line
have been observed in grid square AD 29, and that the convoy re-
ported in radiogram 0116 on 27 Mar. is presumably on a south-
westerly course and that an aircraft carrier has been sighted in
the vicinity.
REGENSBURG, with copy to KARIN, has been informed by radiogram
17U5 that at 1500 our submarines reported the convoy in grid
square AJ 3873, sailing east at a speed of nine knots. Naval
Staff recommends hauling off to the east.
The position of this convoy at 1820 in grid square AJ 3&?h, sail-
ing east, was transmitted to REGENSBURG, with copy to KARIN, by
radiogram 2108.
Operations Division has informed Submarine Division that Operation
"Segelhafen" will begin on 28 Mar. from point "Anton" and that
Operation "Elisabeth", combined with "Anke", will begin at mid-
night on 28 Mar.
Therefore, PIETRO 0RSE0L0 will begin to move east on 27 Mar. from
grid square CD 37 via CF 26 to BE 97. Submarine Division will be
asked, if necessary, to issue corresponding sailing directions as
this route is south of Route "Anton".
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situationt
At 1510 Air Commander, Atlantic Coast reported 32
merchant vessels, 1 cruiser, and k escort vessels, speed eight
knots, sailing north, in grid square CF 3370.
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27 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
No special air reconnaissance information on the area around the
British Isles has been received.
On 16 Mar. radio deciphering intercepted a noteworthy radiogram,
according to which British vessels had on that date performed
night minesweeping operations from Portsmouth in the area west
of Dieppe on a route specially designated by the name "LL". The
search produced no results.
According to the documents in possession of Operations Division,
on map no. 18, captured at Dieppe, the points of the British ap-
proach route were marked with double letters. In this operation,
"LL" was at 50°25» N, 00°29 • E.
As an evaluation of captured British material and supplementing
the sections of the "Signal Handbook of the British Fleet" and
"The Fleet Tactical Instructions" already dealt with, Naval In-
telligence Division has issued a report on directions for close
escort of British convoys.
Copy of the report as per l/Skl 9680/1*3 geh. in War Diary, Part
C, Vol. II b.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast t
On 23 Mar. two ELM/j mines were cleared near La Pallice
by mine-exploding vessels. At 1100, Group West issued the pass-
word for Operation "Elisabeth". It is planned to start at mid-
night on 28 Mar. Preliminary reconnasissance for "Elisabeth" on
28 Mar. has been requested from Air Commander, Atlantic Coast,
as allowed by his forces, between U2° and 1*6° N, as far as maxi-
mum range.
Reconnaissance for the DOGGERBANK is being flown by two FW 200
planes between the west Spanish coast and 11° W, as far as maxi-
mum range. They will pass over Cape Villano at 1000.
Channel Coast:
During the night of 26 Mar., the 2nd and 6th PT Boat
Flotillas transferred to Ijmuiden, the Uth PT Boat Flotilla to
the Hook of Holland. Three pairs of boats of the 5th PT Boat
Flotilla carried out a torpedo operation from Cherbourg at points
BF 2299 left center, 2299 right center, and BF 2377. One pair
was located by a plane and following radar interception of this,
the boats stopped. The plane circled around the boats within
listening range but without identifying them. At 0lii8, after two
attempts at diversion, a short sharp attack was made south of BF
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27 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
2378, center, by two motor gunboats on the 1st Subdivision of the
5th FT Boat Flotilla, causing no casualties or damage. The con-
voy route was checked but no enemy vessels were sighted. For
brief report see teletype 161*5.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
Minesweeper M "82" was damaged by an ATE mine west of
Scheveningen and has put in to Rotterdam under her own power. In
grid square AN 8581, an ATE mine was cut, rendered inactive and
brought in to the Hook. One ELM/j mine was cleared near Ameland.
The Hook - Elbe convoy was delayed for I48 hours because of sus-
pected mines on Route "Rot".
Anti-aircraft defense against single enemy planes in Dutch terri-
tory and west of the Heligoland Bight was without observed success.
In regard to the suggestion of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North
on the bombing of Danish trawlers fishing in our declared area
(see War Diary, 23 Mar.), Admiral, Denmark, in agreement with the
Reich Deputy, proposes the following measures:
a.) That such vessels be seized by surface forces. This
would be the best solution because of indisputable proof.
b.) That attempts be made by the Esbjerg harbor defense
flotilla or by forces of Commanding Admiral, Defenses North, in
cooperation with the Air Force, to capture these vessels on their
return passage - but before they reach the three mile limit.
c.) That captured vessels be brought into German ports
and, on the basis of the results of investigation, requisitioned
for the duration and used as patrol boats and minesweepers of the
German Navy. This would have the advantage of usefully employing
the vessels instead of destroying them and would have a less un-
favorable effect on Danish public opinion. (See teletype 1155).
The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping has forwarded a com-
munication from the German Embassy, Copenhagen stating that, in
view of the loss of the Danish steamers AGNETE and MARIE TOFT,
the Danes have asked that night passages to and from Rotterdam be
stopped immediately in order to avoid passing the dangerous Ter-
schelling area at night. The Danes will send no further ships to
Rotterdam until they are certain that night passages will not be
made.
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27 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Naval Staff has replied to the Reich Commissioner as follows:
"For sometime past, local Commanding Admiral has been taking
steps in order to fulfil Danish wishes. Reference should also be
made to the great successes in defense against FT boats which
have recently been frequently cited in the Armed Forces reports.
It is also pointed out that no Danish ships, except for the two
in question, have been damaged by enemy FT boats up to the present.
"As Naval Staff has predicted several times, the development
of the military situation in the North Sea tends to a steadily
increasing threat to Rotterdam traffic. The greatest possible
reduction of this traffic is therefore necessary, especially
since, as shown above, increasing resistence is to be expected
from the Danes and the Swedes."
2. Norway/ Northern Waters:
Enemy Situation;
Radio Intelligence detected three submarines in the area
of the Norwegian Arctic coast. Six submarines carried out exer-
cises in the areas of Olenya, Wayenga and Kola Bays. On 25 Mar,,
according to air reconnaissance of Molotovsk, there were ten
freighters and numerous coastal vessels, as well as three vessels,
apparently destroyers, under construction on the slipway.
British reconnaissance activity over the North Sea was again
brisk. Four planes were ordered to search for a lifeboat. Five
planes of the Iceland squadrons were observed on operation.
Own Situation;
At 22hO on 26 Mar., a Norwegian midshipman in British
uniform and a naval stoker, who had been taken prisoner by Army
forces, landed in the north harbor of Utsire. They stated that
they had been ordered, together with five other Norwegians, to
take 900 liters of gasoline in cans to Hisken Island by cutter,
hide it there and return to England. They had put in to Utsire
because they were not sure of their position. According to a re-
port from the 269th Infantry Division, the vessel which put out
from Utsire again was not a fishing cutter but probably a FT boat.
Admiral, '.Vest Norwegian Coast has sent out six boats to search.
For details see teletypes 155>0 and 2320.
Also on 26 Mar. a Norwegian fisherman encountered a boat with nine
men, some of them wounded, in the sea area of Aalesund near Ulla.
There were arms on board. The men asked the way to the nearest
harbor and to Mole. Due to shortage of forces, Air Commander,
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27 Mar. 39U3 CONFIDENTIAL
North was unable to send out a search the same day. Further steps
by Naval Shore Comi..ander, Molde, the Army and the security ser-
vice are under way. (See teletype l655)»
On 27 Mar., air reconnaissance reported a motor boat with the
Norwegian flag on course 75° in grid square AF 5516, liiO miles
west of Folda Fiord. The Air Force has been requested to take
action against this vessel on 28 Mar.
No situation report has been received from Admiral, Arctic Coast.
At noon on 26 Mar. , a Mosquito plane flew over Aas Fiord observing
the anchorages. Convoy traffic in the area of Admirals, North
Norwegian Coast and West Norwegian Coast was carried out according
to plan. In the Lister area, the unaccompanied Norwegian steamer
MAILAND was unsuccessfully attacked by a torpedo bomber. A
Bristol - Blenheim type plane approached one of our convoys in the
same area and was shot down in flames. The signal book was sal-
vaged. In Haugesund, a barracks of the 50lth Naval Artillery
Battalion burned down. A supplementary report from Commander,
11th Submarine-Chaser Flotilla gives details of the destruction of
the enemy submarine on 21 tor. near Nordkyn. (See teletype 1515).
The report considers there is no doubt that the submarine was
destroyed.
At 2100 the BEITZEN entered Kaa Fjord.
The ten submarines in the operational area have been combined to
form Group "Eisbaer".. Submarine U "703" has been ordered to send
a weather report from grid square AA 98 early on the morning of
28 Mar.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
Four patrol boats were on duty in the Skagerrak and one at the
Hanstholm barrage gap. Twenty-one vessels were engaged on chan-
nel sweeping in the Baltic Sea entrances. One ELM/j mine was
cleared north of Anholt. Northwest of this island, the Danish
steamer KARIN TOFT sank following a mine explosion. Route "38"
has been closed as mines are suspected. The Aarhus - Oslo trans-
port has been delayed for 2U hours owing to lack of escort.
At 1$30 the ADMIRAL SCHEER left Wilhelmshaven for transfer to
Swinemuende.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that the partial barrage
of "Nashorn III a", checking sweeping of the minelaying course
for barrage "Walross" and clearing of the sea area of "Corbetha"
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27 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
barrage have been completed to schedule. An L 2 mine was cleared
near the Tallinn approach buoy. The net defense unit for "Wal-
ross" is ready in Baltic Fort. Minelayer KAISER is in Baltic
Port, minelayer OSTMARK in Swinemuende and the 31st Minesweeper
Flotilla in Gdynia.
Admiral, Baltic States reports the usual activity on both sides
without special incidents. A heavy anti-aircraft battery has
arrived in Tallinn and is ready for operation.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance in the Biscay was normal, with 2k planes
on operation.
2. Own Situation:
The operation against the convoy, presumably westbound,
south of Greenland was broken off as contact was not regained.
In the meantime, submarine U "305" intercepted an eastbound convoy
at 1605 in grid square AJ 3885. Groups "Seewolf" and "Seeteufel"
were ordered to attack it. Weather conditions in the operational
area are unfavorable due to poor visibility. The convoy, with
which contact was maintained until midnight, was the HX convoy
which had been expected according to dead reckoning. No action
reports have been received from the North Atlantic, the West
Indies or the Cape area. Details are contained in "Supplement to
the Subnarine Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
Ninety-four planes of the 3rd Air Force were on operation
in the west area and 17 in the Mediterranean. Single harassing
attacks were made on Deal and Hastings by two Ju 88 planes in each
case.
Shortly after setting out for long-range reconnaissance, an FW 200
plane was shot down by one of our own patrol boats off the Gironde
estuary. This regrettable incident is being investigated.
At 1900, five Mosquito planes dropped 20 high-explosive bombs on
armament plants in Holland. During the night of 27 Mar., about
- 368 - CONFIDENTIAL
27 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
120 enemy planes made incursions. About 70 planes attacked Berlin.
Besides great damage to houses, the Lankwitz anti-aircraft bar-
racks and five industrial plants were hit. Heavy casualties were
caused on a military leave train from Berlin to Faris. Fcr de-
tails see "Daily Situation". According to reports so far avail-
able, eight enemy planes were shot down,
2. Mediterranean Theater:
On the evening of 2$ Mar., lU bombers carrying LT 350
aerial torpedoes were sent out against shipping in Algiers harbor.
Eight planes reached the target and dropped 32 torpedoes in the
harbor basin. In spite of very strong defense, immediate and
highly effective results were observed. Two of our planes were
shot down over the harbor.
On the evening of 25 Mar., four torpedo bombers attacking an east-
bound convoy northeast of Algiers scored hits on three merchant
vessels. On the forenoon of 27 Mar., aerial torpedo hits were
also reported on three steamers in an eastbound enemy convoy
off Cape Bougaroni.
Dive Bombers, fighter-bombers and bombers were in action over the
Tunisian battle fronts.
3. Eastern Front:
During the night of 26 Mar. 13 planes dropped mines in
the harbor of Ghelenjik. No special reports have been received
from the area of the 5th Air Force.
Special Items:
Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff has informed
Naval Staff that the Air Force General Staff plans to instruct
Air Force Commander, Center or Night Fighter Corps to make ar-
rangements with the local naval authorities for night fighting to
be carried out on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein, at all
altitudes, at least in certain areas and for certain periods.
Operations Staff has asked Naval Staff to point out to the local
naval authorities the need for this measure, which is aimed
against the numerous incursions into the Warsaw area which have
lately been reported.
Naval Staff's instructions to this effect have been issued to Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North, North Sea Station and Group
North, with copy to Admiral, Denmark, Baltic Station and Command-
ing Admiral, Defenses, Baltic. Copy of the order l/Skl I a 8766/
U3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. V.
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27 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
VII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
On the evening of 26 Mar. , two French transports and a
gunboat entered Gibraltar from the Mediterranean. On 27 Mar.
light naval forces entered the harbor. The following were noted
in the harbor at noon: 3 battleships, 1 carrier, 2 British aux-
iliary aircraft carriers (each of which can carry 30 fighters),
1 minelayer, 1 cruiser, 3 auxiliary cruisers, 17 destroyers, 15
corvettes, 2 cable layers, U transports, 7 tankers and 71 steamers.
In the Western Mediterranean convoy activity was lively. The
eastbound convoy which was northeast of Algiers on the evening of
26 Mar. , was reported at 1610 entering Philippeville and compris-
ing at least 20 ships. At 0921, the landing ship formation was
6U miles west-northwest of Oran on easterly course, comprising
15 LST's, 26 landing craft and 6 escort vessels. According to an
intelligence report from Spain, all the LST's were carrying 6
tanks each. Another eastbound convoy consisting of 5 transports,
U steamers and 3 escort vessels was reported at noon by one of
our submarines 20 miles northwest of Oran.
At 1550 a submarine torpedoed the steamer SIDANO (2,381* GRT) in
the harbor of Milazzo.
Complete reconnaissance of coastal waters from Mersa Matruh up to
30 miles west of Derna produced no sightings. According to a re-
liable intelligence report, the British are preparing a commando
raid from Cyprus against the Dodecanese. The objective is said
to have been not yet finally decided. The operation is not to be
a large one, but is for the main purpose of trying out the German/
Italian reaction. It will reportedly take place at the beginning
of April.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines were in the operational area.
At 1850 submarine U "77" torpedoed a steamer of 6,000 GRT in grid
square CH 7676. At noon, in grid square CH 7#?2, submarine U
"596" fired a triple miss on an eastbound convoy of five trans-
ports and four steamers. Further details are contained in "Sup-
plement to the Submarine Situation".
In view of continuous bad weather, PT boat operations were not
possible. Mine laying off the Tunisian coast was also impossible.
With reference to the report from the Naval Attache, Madrid con-
cerning the torpedoing of the steamer BARTOLO, Operations Division
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27 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
has called the attention of the Reich Commissioner of Maritime
Shipping to the urgency of the measures proposed by the Naval
Attache*, Madrid designed to give Spanish seamen an incentive to
work for the Axis Powers.
Group West and the Naval Attache', Madrid have been instructed
that cooperation between the Group and its subordinate offices
and the Naval Attache is to ensure that the latter is informed in
regard to the situation on the south coast of France to the ex-
tent necessary for accomplishment of his control tasks. The
strengthening of the anti-submarine defense in the Mediterranean
is to represent the reason to outward appearance, reference being
made to the Armed Forces report of 25 Mar. This was at first
urgent for military purposes in the Southern Italian - Tunisia
area and in future will also be to the benefit of the Spanish ore
and fruit traffic. Copy of the order l/Skl II b 88U9/U3 Geheim
in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XI.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
Because of continued bad weather, transport traffic was
suspended.
lu Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
The second Italian PT boat which had run aground near
Palaeo-Chora has also been salvaged with the assistance of tugs.
The troop transport convoy led by the HERMES entered Rhodes in
the afternoon. Other convoy traffic was carried out according to
plan.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
Nothing special to report.
Own Situation:
PT boat operations were not possible due to bad weather.
Submarine U "19" reports a hit on a 2,000 GRT passenger steamer.
The steamer stopped after an explosion. Further observations
were not possible as defense operations started. The submarine
had to discontinue the operation because of damage to thrust
bearings. Submarine U "2ii" was ordered to report on possibilities
of attack in the operational area. She has reported that there
had been such possibilities, but she had been unable to exploit
them.
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27 Mar. 19 k3 CONFIDENTIAL
Convoy service in the Black Sea was carried out according to plan.
The Crimean tug convoy with 2\\ vessels entered Sevastopol in the
afternoon. The Kerch ferry traffic was carried out to all land-
ing stages under considerable enemy air activity. To tne west
were ferried: 2,700 persons, U50 motorized and liiO horse-drawn
vehicles, 501 horses; to the east: 1,173 soldiers, 230 tons of
ammunition, 105 tons of railroad material, U50 tons of con-
struction material and 308 tons of supplies. Fourteen naval land-
ing craft were in operation and made 18 crossings.
The Naval Liaison Officer with High Command, Army has forwarded
an order of High Command, Army, Quartermaster General under
which it is necessary to restrict air supplies to the 17th Army
Command to a minimum by intensifying the sea-borne supply service.
Major General Dostler has been appointed Deputy of Army General
Staff for supplies by sea to the 17th Army Command. In order to
advocate to the relevant naval offices Army Group A's request for
provision of shipping, he is responsible, through the Army Group,
for seeing that adequate supplies are provided and for the speedy
loading and unloading of ships. For these purposes he will be
given adequate powers by the Army Group. The responsibility of
the Army Group for supplying the 17th Army Command and of the
Quartermaster General for supervision thereof will not be affected
by the appointment of the Deputy of the Army General Staff.
With reference to Group South' s proposal regarding the employment
of helicopters (see War Diary, 23 Mar.), Naval Staff states that
Commander in Chief, Navy has sent a personal letter to the Secre-
tary, Air Force, requesting that production of FL 282 type heli-
copters be speeded up. With the present production of this type,
it is impossible to give the Group Command any fixed date for the
equipment of six submarine -chasers. High Command, Navy has no
knowledge of the Group Command's request to assign a Flettner
helicopter to submarine-chaser WITTNESS. On the other hand, the
Group's request for the equipment of the minelayer BULGARIA is
under examination.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
The Naval Attache and the Air Attache, Tokyo have forwarded a
communique from the Japanese Naval Staff according to which the
overall situation in the southern area is unchanged. The air
campaign on both sides is as published. Apart from that, Japanese
flying boats made night attacks on the airfield on Canton Island
on 19 and 22 Mar. Some enemy planes were destroyed. Con-
struction of Japanese airfields on Kiska and Attu has been started.
The islands are under frequent enemy attack.
Four or five U.S. submarines have been observed in the area around
Japan and four in the southern area.
- 372 - CONFIDENTIAL
28 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
Items of Political Importance.
Nothing special to report.
Special Items;
I. Naval Staff's decision concerning service instructions for
the German Staff with the Italian Admiralty has been issued in
conformity with Vice Admiral Ruge's proposal (see War Diary, 20
Mar.). Copy as per teletype of Quartermaster Division, Organi-
zation and Mobilization Branch, l/Skl 9120/U3 Gkdos. in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. XIV a.
II. In regard to the location of the command post for Naval Group
North, the Group has replied to the inquiry of Quartermaster Di-
vision, Organization and Mobilization Branch as follows:
There is no doubt that the functions of operational command
can best be performed from Sengwarden. At the same time, there
is no doubt that the performance of administrative functions from
Sengwarden will be complicated. From Ahlbeck, the latter
functions could be performed most satisfactorily, but the oper-
ational command functions, and especially those for the northern
area, would be complicated to an almost unbearable extent even if
the communications improvements, which are actually possible and
not too extensive, were made there. With special reference to
the administrative functions, which are of utmost importance in
the fourth year of war, the Group Command would prefer to remain
in Kiel.
III. The Naval Attache, Rome has learned from a confidential
source that the Italian Admiralty has received information that
the Reich Government plans to place a civilian in charge of the
Toulon arsenal. The Italian Navy, and Admiral Tur in particular,
would consider such a step to be highly disadvantageous. Italian
agreement to the German proposal in regard to the organizational
relations between the commander of the Toulon arsenal and the
Italian Naval Prefect, Provence, was based on command of the
arsenal being held by a German naval officer. The Naval Attache,
Rome has asked for instructions in the matter.
The question is to be dealt with by Quartermaster
Division.
Situation 28 Mar.
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28 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
I, War in Foreign Waters .
ls Enemy Situation;
On 27 Mar, two armed British sea-going tugs, presumably
from Casablanca, put in to Las Palmas for a short time on their
way south.
2, Own Situation;
The DOGGERBANK and KARIN have not yet been picked up.
There is. no cause for alarm as no definite fix on the DOGGERBANK
has been obtained since she left Batavia and considerable delays
may well have arisen during her long voyage. Both vessels have
been ordered, by radiogram 2017, to report noon position on 28 Mar.,
if opportunity offers, and if they are still more than 300 miles
south of the Azores.
DOGGERBANK has also been given: by radiogram 0921, the positions
of four Spanish steamers; by radiogram 1659 > the position (by dead
reckoning) of the convoy Gibraltar - England as of 0800, 29 Mar.
at 37° N, 11° W; by radiogram 1832, the position of two British
destroyers at 1300 at kli° N, 15° W, proceeding south at very high
speed, and by radiogram 1659, weather forecast.
KARIN has been informed, by radiogram 0825, that a submarine has
been waiting for her since 26 Mar. at li3°30' N, 33° W, and has
been ordered to go to meet her at once.
Weather report on the northern passage was sent to REGENSBURG and
KARIN by radiogram 1303.
In addition, REGENSBURG has been informed, by radiogram 013U, of
the position of an enemy convoy at 2300 on 27 Mar. in grid square
AJ 3981, and of one unaccompanied steamer at 1800 in grid square
A J 3972 and another at 2200 in grid square AJ 3883.
By radiogram 2039 REGENSBURG was instructed that, up to point
"Hans", in view of our own submarines, she must not deviate for
more than 100 miles on either side of her course line; she was
also informed that an enemy plane escorting a westbound convoy
was located in grid square AD 8979.
By radiogram 09 15, Naval Staff has confirmed to the PIETRO 0RSE0L0
receipt of the report from submarine U "l6l", received meantime,
that the ship^ engines are in good condition, maximum speed is
II12 knots and that endurance at top speed is still 20 days. Com-
mand of 0RSE0L0 will pass to Group West at noon.
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28 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
II, Situation West Area.,
1# Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance reported at 12U5 a British destroyer
proceeding at very high speed on southerly course in grid square
BE 9U73 and a steamer with two destroyers on course 200° in grid
square BE 9 725.
At Spithead, 25 incoming steamers were observed and, southeast of
Portland, a convoy probably on easterly course.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast t
One ground mine was cleared off the Gironde and two off
La Pallice.
The Group has advised PIETRO 0RSE0L0, by radiogram 1330, that it
has assun.ed command, and that the rendezvous with the destroyers
is at 1500 on 30 Mar. at li3°20' N, 15° W. Recognition signals of
our own planes have been forwarded by radiogram 1250.
For Operation "Elisabeth", Air Commander, Atlantic Coast has been
requested to provide air reconnaissance for 29 Mar. between li2° N
and h8° N to maximum range, in such a way that, on the return
flight, 8° W will be crossed at nightfall. It has been requested
that available heavy fighters be at immediate readiness.
At 2200, 100 enemy planes attacked St. Nazaire.
Group West has reported on the status of the reinforcement of
anti-aircraft defense for the submarine bases at Brest, Lorient
and St. Nazaire. For details, see teletype ll|20.
Channel Coast;
At noon an enemy air raid was made on Rouen. An oil tank
and an ammunition train were set on fire.
Motor minesweeper R "99" struck a mine near Calais and was under-
slung.
During the night of 28 Mar., the 5th FT Boat Flotilla put out for
torpedo operations off Plymouth Sound, and the 2nd, l*th and 6th
PT Boat Flotillas in the Smith Knoll area. Enemy locating reports
were intercepted from both positions. Further reports have not
yet been received.
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28 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters,
1. North Sea;
During the night of 27 Mar. the boats in patrol position
"Rom" had an engagement with enemy PT boats, one of which was
certainly damaged.
Forces of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North cleared nine mines,
including five moored mines, in the Scheveningen area.
Escort and patrol service was carried out without incident.
During the night of 27 Mar. the shooting down of three enemy
planes during flights through the Heligoland Bight and the Hoof-
den was confirmed. Air warning sets were destroyed. In the anti-
aircraft areas of Emden and Brunsbuettel, the power supply was
temporarily interrupted by several nuisance balloons.
Rotterdam was attacked at noon by 2U planes. In the Wilton Yards,
the steamer CEUTA was sunk; in the Nieuve Waterberg Yards, one
patrol boat overturned in the dock and patrol boat "2009" sank#
Other vessels ( 1 mine-exploding vessel, 1 minesweeper and 2 PT
boats) were damaged in both dockyards. One enemy plane was shot
down by naval anti-aircraft fire before the attack.
2. Norway/Northern Waters t
Enemy Situation;
Reconnaissance over the northern North Sea and in the
area of the Shetlands - Bergen was brisk. Eleven planes of the
Iceland squadrons were reported on operation.
According to location, there was a British vessel, possibly a
submarine , in grid square AN 2850 ( 85 miles west-northwest of
St avenger).
At 2251, Scapa sent an urgent operational radiogram to Thorshaven.
A supplementary report states that on 25 Mar. a submarine on
course 60° was in a position 200 miles northwest of Trondheim and
on 26 Mar., at 1123, a submarine was sighted eight miles south of
Svolvaer ( area of Narvik)
Own Situation;
On 26 Mar. six star shells were fired from the Rybachi
Peninsula on a convoy leaving Petsamo. A hunt was started for
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28 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
the submarine near Svolvaer. On 2b Mar, one of our convoys was
unsuccessfully attacked by a submarine between North Cape and
Nordkyn. A submarine chase is in progress.
On 27 Mar. eight enemy planes were over the Petsamo area without
dropping bombs j one enemy plane reconnoitered the anchorages in
Kors and Lang Fjords. Other planes were reported from the west
and southwest coasts.
On the evening of 27 Mar., three planes made an unsuccessful at-
tack on the Norwegian steamer NAMSOS near Stadtlandet with one
aerial torpedo and machine gunfire.
Convoy service was carried out according to plan. As from 29 Mar.,
Naval Command, Norway will no longer include shipping movements in
his situation report. In agreement with the 5th Air Force, the
local Air Force offices will receive direct advice of these move-
ments from the coastal Admirals; Commanding Admiral, Task Force,
the 5th Air Force and Commanding General, Armed Forces, Norway
will be informed, as necessary, by Naval Command, Norway.
As at midnight of 29 Mar., submarine U "625" is detached from the
patrol line south of Jan Mayen to grid square AE 231^9 to meet the
REGENSBURG. Submarine U "703" has been ordered to report the
weather on 29 Mar. twice irom different positions, but without
passing south of 69° N.
Group "Eisbaer" is to occupy the patrol line from AA 9^31 - AF
lUi6 from 1600 on 29 Mar.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
In the area of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic one ELM/j mine
was cleared 25 miles east of Anholt. Escort service and channel
sweeping were carried out according to plan and without incident.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that the second section
of barrage "Nashorn III AM has been laid by the 2i;th Landing
Flotilla. The net defense unit is continuing Operation "Walross".
The "Corbetha" and "Wartburg" barrages are being cleared.
Admiral, Baltic States reports that a British aerial mine, dropped
by a Russian plane, was salvaged in a meadow near Tallinn.
The 1st Air Force has transferred a flight of five fighters to
Helsinki to support barrage Operation "Walross".
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28 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
This fulfils the original request of Group North
and Naval Staff.
V. Merchant Shipping.
The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping has always been op-
posed to the suggestion raised some time ago by Group North that
Delfzyl be included in the goods traffic to and from Rotterdam,
giving as his reason the difficulty of making the port efficient
enough and of establishing the supply routes to it.
Naval Staff does not wish to continue the correspondence on this
subject with the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping if no
essentially new aspects have emerged, and expresses its opinion
in the following memorandum to Group North, copy to North Sea
Station and Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North:
In a letter to High Command, Navy, the Reich Commissioner of
Maritime Shipping who, by will of the Fuehrer, is responsible for
the control of merchant shipping, the turn-over in the ports, and
the increase of their capacities, expressly reserved to himself
the decision on economic questions and technical ones concerning
transport and on the use of ports for new assignments. Naval
Staff has pointed out to the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Ship-
ping the possibility that the sea route to Rotterdam might some
day have to be discontinued. It must be left to him to judge the
consequences of this.
Since, after repeated examination, the Reich Commissioner of
Maritime Shipping rejects the proposals made concerning shipments
to Delfzyl, no further correspondence on this matter will be en-
tered into if no essentially new aspects have emerged.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1, Enemy Situation;
Reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was reported to be
very brisk, with 1x2 planes on operation.
2. Own Situation:
In the sea area of the operation against the convoy in
grid square AK, there is a southwesterly gale with sea strength
eight. The boats of Groups "Seeteufel" and "Seewolf'are trying
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i
28 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
to use the westerly weather to get ahead of the eastbound enemy.
It has been very difficult to maintain contact, especially since,
probably due to the weather, the convoy tends increasingly to
break up into groups and individual vessels.
South of the Canary Islands, submarine. U "16?" detected a convoy
on southwesterly course in grid square DU 2378. Six other boats
of Group "Seeraeuber" gained contact with this convoy. At 12U7,
submarine U "167" sank one 6,500 GRT steamer; at lUU8, U "159"
sank an ammunition tanker of 9,000 GRT, and around midnight, U
"172" sank a passenger-freighter of 7,000 GRT. After this day«s
attacks, the convoy seems to have broken up into several groups.
Off the South American coast, submarine U "5l8" sank the Dutch
steamer MARISO (7,659 GRT) on 20 Mar. in grid square FJ 8883, and
the British steamer INDUSTRIA (l,86l GRT) on 25 Mar. in grid
square FJ 9l8l.
Further details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity;
During the day there was considerable activity by mixed
enemy formations. Rouen was attacked by 75 Boeing Fortresses
from a high altitude. One Fortress and six Spitfires were shot
down. For further details of the attacks on Rotterdam and St.
Nazaire, see "Daily Situation".
During the night of 28 Mar., hS of our bombers went into action
against Norwich.
For 29 Mar., Air Commander, Atlantic Coast, plans to carry out
reconnaissance with nine FW 200 planes in accordance with the re-
quest of Group West.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
Apart from reconnaissance reports, no others have been
received. The number of planes on Malta has decreased by at least
28 as compared with 3 Mar.
3. Eastern Front;
The 5th Air Force reports that on 27 Mar. one 7,000 GRT
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28 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENT IAL
Sunday
steamer was sunk by fighter-bombers in Kola Bay. A drifting
ship's bow was sighted about 250 miles southeast of Jan Mayen.
Reports from the Army fronts and from the Black Sea have not yet
come in.
Special Items;
For instructions from Group North on the trial performance
of night fighting at all altitudes in accordance with the Fuehrer's
order, see teletype 1909.
VHI.Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean;
At 1700 on 27 Mar., a convoy of 1$ partly-loaded steamers
with 8 escort vessels left Gibraltar for the Atlantic. This for-
mation was joined by a convoy coming from the Mediterranean, con-
sisting of lh steamers in ballast, 1 special freighter, 5 landing
craft and 1 escort vessel. From this last-mentioned convoy, 3
tankers, 2 steamers, 1 transport and 3 escort vessels had previ-
ously put in to Gibraltar. At 19hS , a smaller convoy of h steamers,
2 tankers, 1 transport and 1 destroyer, which had put out from
Gibraltar, followed, also making course for the Atlantic.
About 0700 on 28 Mar., 5 transports, 2 passenger steamers, 1 large
freighter and 5 escort vessels passed Ceuta towards the Atlantic.
This formation was joined by 2 auxiliary aircraft carriers, 1
transport, 1 steamer and 3 escort vessels from Gibraltar.
In the afternoon a minelayer of the ADVENTURE class put in to
Gibraltar from the Atlantic. Two of the vessels in the port of
Algiers, reported as auxiliary cruisers, have been recognized as
LSI's.
Shipping in the Western Mediterranean was slack.
At 11^6, a submarine sank the steamer LULOIS (3,68l GRT) 70
miles north of Cape Vaticano.
Nothing was sighted during a thorough morning reconnaissance of
the coastal waters from Ras el Hilal to Derna.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean;
Two Italian submarines were in the operational area.
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(
28 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
At 1255 on 27 Mar., submarine U "593" fired a spread of four tor-
pedoes, which missed, against a westbound cruiser of the LONDON
class. At 152b on the same day, she sank two ammunition steamers
of li,000 and 5>000 GRT, respectively, from a westbound convoy in
grid square CO 5811. At 2202 on 28 Mar., U "8l" sank a 500 ton
freighter, loaded with depth charges, and a sailing vessel in
grid square CP 83hl.
At 1700 submarine U "77" reported from grid square CH 5575 that
she was unable to submerge due to a heavy bomb hit and that confi-
dential documents had been destroyed. The submarine requested air
escort, after daybreak. Submarine TJ "380" was sent out to assist
her. At 2035 U "77" reported that she was completely unservice-
able, but still afloat and was steering for Cape de la Nao 15
miles away.
At 19h5, the Naval Attache, Madrid was informed that one of our
submarines had struck a mine at 38°35' N, 00°50« E and was in-
structed to ask the Spanish Navy for assistance. At 2137 he ad-
vised that the Spanish Admiralty had instructed its Naval Com-
mander, Balearic Islands to send all vessels that could be made
ready at minimum notice to render assistance. Possible vessels
are a destroyer from Soller, and a minelayer from Palma, Majorca,
a gunboat and a trawler from Valencia and probably another gun-
boat from Cartagena. There is also a minesweeper on her way
north from Cartagena, which has been ordered to make immediately
for the scene of the accident hO miles away. As soon as the mine-
sweeper has reached the scene, the measures at Valencia and Carta-
gena will be cancelled.
i
Commander, Submarines, Italy was ordered by Naval Staff to send
a radiogram to submarine U "77" instructing her to ask the Spanish
Navy for permission to stay and repair sea damage. IT "77" has al-
ready received orders to put in to Denia. On the other hand, the
Spaniards propose to send the boat to Alicante but, for political
reasons, refuse to tow her. However, as the boat can only run on
batteries, it is uncertain if she can reach Alicante. The Naval
Attache, Madrid has therefore been advised that we must insist on
Denia regardless of the difficulties - even the navigational
difficulties mentioned by the Spanish Navy. Furthermore, the
Naval Attache, Madrid has sent an officer to Denia, to which port
the minesweeper NEPTUNO is also being dispatched in order to
avoid incidents.
FT boats and submarine-chasers were unable to operate because of
bad weather.
On 27 Mar., motor minesweepers R "3" and R "U" were between Ehren-
breitstein and Schierstein en route from Germany.
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28 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
On the morning of 28 Mar. minesweepers M "6021M and M "6023" and
five auxiliary minesweepers left Toulon again for Nice.
Motorship C. COSTA ( 6,h00 GRT) caught fire in the harbor of Naples.
At 1730 the ship blew up. The harbor had been previously cleared
so that, from reports so far received, no great damage was caused
to vessels apart from the sinking of 20 lighters. The fire, how-
ever, has spread to the dockyards and the town.
In view of the seriousness of the situation, Commanding General,
Armed Forces, South has urgently requested Commander in Chief,
Navy to place the destroyer HERMES under German Naval Command,
Italy since the number of operational Italian destroyers and
escort vessels has decreased still further and the ex-French de-
stroyers with German crews are not yet ready to sail.
Group West reports that, in accordance with orders from Commanding
General, Armed Forces, West, (see War Diary, 21 Mar.), the ten
merchant vessels released to the merchant marine have been put
back into reserve for special Operation Balearics as per order
received from Armed Forces High Command, Operations Staff ( see
War Diary, 27 Mar.).
A report from Group West states that two explosions occurred in
the main power station of the Toulon arsenal, presumably due to
sabotage.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
Supply traffic has not yet been resumed due to persistent
bad weather.
lu Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
According to an Italian report, there was a submarine
northeast of the Doro Channel.
After disembarking the Rhodes Assault Brigade, the troop transport
escorted by the destroyer HERMES started her return trip to Candia
( Crete) on the evening of 27 Mar. Other convoy traffic was
carried oat according to plan.
Group South reports:
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28 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
1.) Anglo-American possibilities and plans for pene-
trating the Aegean area depend to a great extent on the general
situation ir» the Mediterranean.
2.) A penetration would probably be made from the
Eastern Mediterranean. It is therefore of urgent interest to the
Group to control reconnaissance also, which must extend beyond
the Aegean area as far as the starting bases and concentration
areas of the British and American penetration forces and on as
far as the Red Sea.
3») The concentration of battleships and aircraft
carriers, increased convoy traffic in the Western Mediterranean
and the apparently critical situation of our Tunisian bridgehead,
are indicative of operations west of the Sicilian Channel. How-
ever, the possibility of a break-through to the east and oper-
ations against the Aegean area in conjunction with Eastern Medi-
terranean forces, should not be ignored.
iu) For the Aegean it is necessary that events in the
Western Mediterranean be carefully followed. It is therefore
requested that the Group be kept advised of reconnaissance re-
sults which are of importance in assessing the situation.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation:
Nothing special to report.
Own Situation;
On the afternoon of 27 Mar., one of our convoys was re-
peatedly attacked southwest of Eupatoria by four enemy torpedo
bombers. Six torpedoes all missed their targets. At the same
time an enemy submarine attacked with two torpedoes, both of
which missed. On 28 Mar. the tug FORSCH was damaged by a mine
near the Sevastopol approach buoy. The FORSCH was towed in.
Convoy service between Constantza and Sevastopol was carried out
according to plan. Three naval landing craft left Theodosia for
the 9th Anapa transport. During the night of 28 Mar., these
vessels will anchor near Cape Takil.
In the afternoon the 1st PT Boat Flotilla and Italian PT boats
left Ivanbaba and Theodosia, respectively, for operations off the
Caucasian coast. On account of bad weather, the Italian PT boats
turned back.
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28 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sunday
During the night of 27 Mar,, an enemy plane, flying at 3 m. alti-
tude, was observed to drop five mines in the Strait of Kerch near
Kossa Chuchka. Operations by the remote clearance group and by a
mine-sweeping plane produced no results. There is an ice barrier
in the northern entrance to the Strait of Kerch and in the Sea of
Azov, but it is expected to disperse soon due to the consistently
warm weather. In the Strait of Kerch, 3>700 persons, 2,100
horses, IiOO motorized and 575 other vehicles and war material
were ferried to the west and 1,230 soldiers, ii56 tons of ammu-
nition, 2,055 tons of supplies, etc., to the east.
IX. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report,
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29 Mar. 19l3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
Russia:
The Soviet press points to the fact that Hitler has been able to
transfer 22 divisions from Western Europe to Russia, terming it a
frightful accusation of all those in London and Washington who
are responsible for the conduct of Allied war operations. Stalin
has given the Russian nation to understand that the setting up of
a second front in Europe is being sabotaged by the Governments of
Great Britain and the U.S.A.
In regard to the renewal of the Russo-Japanese fishing agreement,
the "New York Times" writes:
The agreement serves the interests of both countries, which
have to maintain the fiction of neutrality although neither Russia
nor Japan have any delusions as to the real situation. Both
nations behave as if everything were in order, but they are keep-
ing their powder dry until the day of reckoning comes.
According to a United Press report, Japan is said to have tried
to expand the agreement, so as to provide for weather observation
stations on the Kamchatka coast.
Iran:
Sharp clashes have occurred between the Russian occupation Army
and the Iranian population.
U.S.A.:
According to the press, reliable information has been received on
Eden's conferences in the U.S.A. This is said to be to the effect
that Eden, Roosevelt and Hull have been seeking the widest possi-
ble basis for a comprehensive agreement between the Anglo-Saxon
powers, Russia and China. Secondly, considerable progress is
said to have been made with plans for the post-war economic re-
construction of Europe. Thirdly, Eden's conferences are said to
have achieved a considerable degree of unification in regard to
the establishment of regional councils for the coordination of
defense and economic development. Fourthly, a joint program of
political activity in a coming invasion of Western and Southern
Europe is said to have been drawn up. Fifthly, the question of
Germany's future after an Allied victory is said to have been ex-
amined.
According to Radio New York, the President has presented a new
bill providing for a vote of more than if billion dollars for new
naval work and coastal installations.
- 385 - CONFIDENTIAL
29 Mar. 19^3 CONFIDENTIAL
Italy:
On 12 Mar., the Military Attache, Rome made a report to High Com-
mand, Array on the Italian military situation. The Naval Attache",
Rome has forwarded a copy of the report which, on the basis of
the information available to the Military Attache' from the rela-
tively restricted sector of Rome, obviously exaggerates the un-
favorable aspects of the situation. Copy as per l/Skl B>6hh/h3
Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIII.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I, In the opinion of Chief, Naval Staff, the enemy is evidently
taking his time in the Mediterranean, for political as well as
military reasons. Therefore, it is unlikely that a large-scale
action will be started in the near future. Consequently, there
need be no hesitation in assigning the destroyer HERMES to German
Naval Command, Italy for the present.
The following instruction has therefore been sent to Naval Group
South, Admiral, Aegean Sea, German Naval Command, Italy And the
German Staff with the Italian Admiralty:
The shortage of suitable escort vessels for Tunisian supplies
necessitates the indefinite assignment of the destroyer HERMES to
this service. Destroyer HERMES is therefore detached and admini-
stratively subordinated to German Naval Command, Italy; operation-
ally she will be attached to the 7th Coast Patrol Force. Until
her detachment, Admiral, Aegean Sea will remain in administrative
command. Details of the transfer will be directly controlled by
German Naval Command, Italy and Admiral, Aegean Sea. The transfer
is to take place immediately. Estimated date to be reported. Re-
quest for replacement from the Italian Navy is unchanged.
Field Marshal Kesselring has received the following notification:
"I had already instituted steps on 2U Mar. for the transfer
of destroyer HERMES from the Aegean Sea in order to reinforce the
Tunisian traffic escort vessels. Indefinite transfer of destroyer
HERMES to Italy has been ordered today."
II. Report by Quartermaster General:
a.) Amendment of the service instructions for Vice Ad-
miral Ruge as per memorandum in War Diary of 28 Mar. The first
French torpedo boats with German crews were to be ready on 23 -
26 Mar. Delay has arisen due to dockyard matters. Vice Admiral
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29 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
Ruge will report whether assistance from High Command, Navy is
necessary and desirable, in order to have the work expedited,
b.) Chief, Naval Staff approved this and also the trans-
fer of HIPPER from Wilhelmshaven to Pillau and eventually to Libau;
c.) The complaints of the Director General of the Reichs-
werke A. G. for Inland Shipping concerning transportation via the
Black Sea and the Danube, forwarded by letter from Minister Speer
to Commander in Chief, Navy. Copy as per l/Skl I A No. ( not given,
Tr. N.) of 2li Mar. 191*3, in War Diary, Fart C, Vol. XIV a.
Commander in Chief, Navy agreed with Minister Speer in regard to
the proposed personal report by the Director General.
III. The Naval Attache' reports that the Spanish Navy and authori-
ties afforded every cooperation in the matter of submarine U "77".
IV. Report by Chief, Naval Ordnance Division, Bureau of Naval
Armament on a preliminary conference with representatives of the
Reich Minister of Armament and Ammunition on the question of con-
struction iron.
In a Highly Restricted Circle;
V. Beport of Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division;
a.) According to information from Armed Forces High
Command, Operations Staff, Navy, it is planned to throw in strong
forces to clear the Novorossisk bridgehead in order to eject the
enemy from this base which endangers our supply lines in the Sea
of Azov. The Naval Liaison Officer with High Command, Army re-
ports that this operation is planned for 6 to 8 Mar. Chief, Army
General Staff requests that the Navy should participate in this
operation to the greatest possible extent so as to deny the enemy
complete freedom of movement at sea. At the same time prepa-
rations are to be made for the immediate construction of coastal
defenses in this sector in accordance with recent experience
gained from the successful enemy landing.
Naval Staff welcomes this plan, the expediency of
which it has repeatedly emphasized.
b.) Operation "Elisabeth" was started on the night of
28 Mar. The rendezvous between the KARIN and our submarine has
not yet taken place. Nor has there been any news of the DOGGER-
BANK. Position reports to be given if the ships were more than
300 miles south of the Azores, have not been received. It would
have been advisable to have arranged a submarine rendezvous with
the DOGGERBANK and KARIN in the South Atlantic, in order to gain
better information for bringing them in.
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29 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
c.) In view of Group North's objections to mining of
West Fiord (notes in War Diary, 28 Mar.), Chief, Naval Staff
agrees to cancellation of the plan.
Group North has been informed that Naval Staff approves the
cancellation of the planned West Fiord barrage.
d.) Compliance with Naval Staff's instructions to Group
North on supplementing the latter* s order of 17 Mar. regarding
operations by surface forces. Amending the order of 17 Mar., the
Group indicates the combatting of enemy convoy traffic in northern
waters as the primary task and orders that plans, tactical exer-
cises and preparations are to be carried out accordingly. The
handling of defensive tasks, which will retain their secondary im-
portance, will be restricted to briefing and instructing the Com-
manders and adjusting ideas and plans with other Armed Forces
offices.
Chief, Naval Staff approves.
e.) Army General Staff, Foreign Armies, West has sub-
mitted a sketch of the distribution of Italian divisions as at 1
Mar. Copy as per l/Skl 885 A3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XIII.
VI. Particulars were submitted, as ordered by Chief, Naval Staff
on the Navy's requirements of iron, with graphic representation
of the transport and escort tasks.
Special Items,
On the basis of the following summaries and necessary dockyard
periods, Group North proposes the distribution of minelayers for
19 U3 as follows:
1.) The BRUMMER - Naval Command, Norway (to be used at the
same time as anti-aircraft cruiser, gunboat, protection for
herring fishery). If possible she should be used at speeds of
not over 15 knots, which she can attain on her Diesel engines.
As from September, perhaps assigned to Admiral, Northern Waters.
2.) The OSTMARK - to be released immediately for dockyard
period in Stettin. Duration, three weeks. After that, with the
ELSASS at the disposal of Group North or Naval Command, Norway
for reinforcement of the northern sector of the West Wall under
Commander, Minelayers.
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29 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
3.) The SKAGERRAK - at the disposal of Naval Command, Norway
until the LINZ is ready for action. After that, SKAGERRAK will
be released to Minelaying Experimental Command, LINZ ( motorship
with very large mine capacity) at the disposal of Naval Command,
Norway.
U.) The KAISER - (as heretofore) and the ROLAND (again oper-
ational by 9 Apr.) at the disposal of Commander, Minesweepers,
Baltic until the end of April ( after completion of "Nashorn" and
"Seeigel"). From then to the end of summer, at the disposal of
Group North for possible reinforcement of the southern sector of
the West and Southwest Wall. The restricted speed of the KAISEH
and the ROLAND will be sufficient for the North Sea area, where
strong protection by slow escort forces is required for oper-
ations. At the end of the summer, the KAISER and the ROLAND will
again be placed at the disposal of Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic
as soon as there is a possibility of the Russian Baltic Fleet at-
tempting to break out.
Situation 29 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation:
Nothing special to report.
2. Own Situation;
No position reports have been received from the DOGGER-
BANK or KARIN. However, the IRENE apparently applied the order
on position reports as applying to her and at 2356 reported her
position by short signal as lk° N, 38° W. Naval Staff has con-
firmed receipt by radiogram 0OU3.
According to this, the blockade runner is four days
further north than the dead reckoning estimate.
The weather report was sent to the DOGGERBANK by radiogram l50h,
and to REGENSBURG and KARIN by radiogram 1218. This shows the
forerunner of a storm depression over the Denmark Strait, in the
southern part of which easterly winds, force k - 5, snow, rain
and poor visibility are likely while poor visibility is also to
be expected in the northern part. The weather is thus as favor-
able for a break-through as could be desired. According to the
evening report, transmitted by radiogram 2310, the winds are
veering westward in the southern part of the Strait and the range
of visibility is increasing to ten miles, while the very favorable
conditions in the central and northern parts remain unchanged.
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29 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
The REGENSBURG has been informed, by radiogram 1733, that one of
our submarines is at point "M" and will report REGENSBURG^ pass-
ing if possible. A rendezvous with the submarine is not planned,
but the ship should try to pass point "Max" as exactly as possi-
ble, if the ice situation permits. The submarine has orders not
to report sooner than ten hours after REGENSBURG has passed.
The PIETRO ORSEOLO has been ordered, by radiogram 1132, to pro-
ceed on inside territorial waters as far as U3°30» N, 1°50' W,
where she will be picked up by escort forces.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance, there was a convoy of
35 steamers with 5 escort vessels at 1750 in grid square BE 5971
on course 360°. At the same time, radio intelligence intercepted
a report from a British plane to the effect that six unidentified
vessels had been sighted in grid square BF 5781 on northerly
course, speed 20 knots.
These are our vessels on Operation "Elisabeth".
Photographic reconnaissance of ports in southern England pro-
duced no new information of any importance.
2. Own Situation;
Atlantic Coast:
Operations "Elisabeth" and "Anke" have been started ac-
cording to plan. Group West has requested Air Commander, Atlantic
Coast to carry out reconnaissance on 30 Mar. for "Elisabeth" and
"Arno" between 1*1° and li8° N up to maximum range, starting so as
to pass 15° W, on the return flight, at 1700.
By radiogram 183b, Group West has informed all concerned that six
unidentified vessels in grid square BF 5781, course and speed un-
known, were reported by a British reconnaissance plane at 1750.
Weather report was issued by radiogram 1932. For 30 Mar. a tempo-
rary deterioration of visibility to 5 - 3 miles is forecast in the
Bay of Biscay.
A supplementary report by Group West on the air raid on St.
Nazaire on the evening of 28 Mar. is contained in teletype 1050.
The sluice was not damaged. Blast and fire damage, especially in
the town, was considerable. The number of planes known to have
been shot down has risen to five.
- 390 - CONFIDENTIAL
29 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Channel Coast;
During a torpedo operation by the 2nd and Uth PT Boat
Flotillas on the night of 28 Mar., the 2nd PT Boat Flotilla made
a surprise contact at 2355 with two motor gunboats at close range.
PT boat S "29" received numerous hits from light machine gunfire.
The Commander and men on the unarmored bridge became casualties
at once. The boat was rammed astern. The Flotilla continued its
search for the enemy convoy according to plan, but without suc-
cess, and later picked up S "29". The boat, however, had to be
sunk after the crew, with seven wounded and four dead including
the Commander, Lt. ( j.g.) Lemm, had been taken off. For brief
report see teletype 1^20.
The operation of the 5th PT Boat Flotilla in Plymouth Sound was
carried out without special incident. For brief report see tele-
type 1535.
III. North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea;
Six ELM/j mines were cleared between Juist and Terschel-
ling and one near Ijmuiden.
At 2200 on 28 Mar., enemy PT boats were reported to be off posi-
tion "Windhuk"( near Zeebrugge).
Escort and patrol service were carried out according to plan and
without incident.
At 1055, enemy air raids were made by small forces on Rotterdam
and Dordrecht and at lUOO on Helder. Slight damage was caused in
harbors and dockyards.
One enemy bomber was shot down by naval anti-aircraft fire near
the Hook and another near Wilhelmshaven.
In regard to the proposal of Admiral, Denmark concerning measures
to prevent Danish fishermen from breaking out to the west, Com-
manding Admiral, Defenses, North reports;
"As all measures so far employed have proved inadequate,
I consider it absolutely necessary to use every means of attack,
even bombs. It is now clear that the attraction is not the
greater catch but British money. All reports on passage through
the declared area with nets are of value to the enemy. The pre-
vention of every break-out is of the highest importance to us.
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29 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENT IAL
Half measures are of no use; only by severity can the matter be
settled once and for all. The Danes must be told: 'Anyone out-
side limits will be shot.1"
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
Moderate air reconnaissance was observed over the North
Sea and the Iceland area. According to our own air reconnaissance,
on 28 Mar. a h,000 GRT steamer was stuck fast in the ice off the
entrance to Belushya.
Own Situation:
At 0158 an enemy submarine attacked one of our eastbound
convoys in grid square AC Qhl3 (near Festerneset). The steamer
AJAX (2,297 GRT) was sunk. At 0600 one of our westbound convoys
was attacked near Vardoe by a submarine with three torpedoes which
missed. At 1030 and 1100, and also at 1710 submarines were re-
ported north of Sylte Fiord off Festerneset and off Vardoe.
On 28 Mar. one of our eastbound convoys was attacked near Tanahorn
by enemy planes with six misses. One Hampdon plane was shot down
by a patrol boat. Enemy air activity was observed on 27 Mar. in
the area of Narvik, on 28 Mar. in the area of Petsamo and Kirkenes,
and on 29 Mar. on the southwest coast. Three British pilots in a
rubber dinghy were picked up west of Godoe.
Escort service was carried out according to plan. Eight vessels
were escorted north and lli south.
Submarine Division reports that in the Iceland / Faroe passage,
nothing but one four-engined plane in grid square AF 1*532 was
observed in the period 23 to 26 Mar.
Group North has approved the plans of Commander, Submarines, Nor-
way for submarine operations against the next PQ convoy. There
are at present ten submarines in patrol line between AA 9^31 and
AF llii6. Five other submarines will form a reserve group as from
30 Mar. and will be disposed as a second wave. The boats will be
relieved after every 25 days at sea.
Group North has been ordered by Naval Staff that the submarine at
position "Max" is not to report REGENSBURG sooner than ten hours
after she passes and, "if no sighting is made, is not to radio
until ordered to do so."
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29 Mar. 19li3 CONFIDENTIAL
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea*
Northwest of Anholt one mine was cleared. Another was cleared by
a Danish minesweeper near Nyborg and two more by another Danish
minesweeper near Svendborg. East of Skagen the Danish motor-
schooner FUGLAND was damaged by a mine. Fifteen vessels and two
minesweeping planes were assigned to mine clearance in the area
of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic.
In view of the danger of mines, Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
Baltic plans to close Route "38" to ships of over 600 GRT and to
introduce compulsory escort for traffic between Morup-Tange and
"Schwarz l5n.
Although this measure by Commanding Admiral, Defenses, Baltic is
commendable from the aspect of mine protection, Group North has
asked for a ruling from Naval Staff since merchant ship traffic
will be slowed down considerably. (See teletype 22lli).
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that Operation "Nashorn"
has been interrupted due to weather conditions. After the "Wal-
ross" net barrage has been laid, Group North plans to lay ground
mine barrages at points where diving under is possible and has
asked for a provisional allotment of 200 RMH mines to be kept on
hand at one of the eastern mine depots. (See teletype l6o6).
Admiral, Baltic States reports normal activity on both sides.
V. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance was lively in the Bay of Biscay, with 31
planes on operation. An unidentified vessel, which reported
having been torpedoed 3I4.O miles west-southwest of Rockall Bank
was probably hit by one of our submarines; a report from a po-
sition 300 miles southwest of Freetown probably refers to a hit
from an Italian submarine.
2. Own Situation:
No results were achieved in the operation against the
convoy southeast of Greenland which was sailing east, widely
scattered by the storms. It is noteworthy that the enemy Air
Force was operating in spite of the bad weather. A chaser group
of two escort vessels was reported from grid square AK 8h65.
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29 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
At 1810 outward bound submarine U "1*0U" intercepted a convoy in
grid square BE 59 5l on course 20° and, shortly before midnight,
torpedoed one of the vessels, a U,000 GRT steamer. Three other
submarines succeeded in making contact.
After a considerable break, contact with the convoy south of the
Canary Islands was re-gained at 2035? by submarine U "105" in grid
square DU 1*693 and maintained until 2206. Group "Seeraeuber" is
in operation against this convoy.
Further reports are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine
Situation" in War Diary, Part B, Vol. 17.
VI. Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinityt
During the night of 28 Mar. Norwich was attacked by U2
planes with good results. We lost two.
During the day, 152 planes of the 3rd Air Force were out on oper-
ation in the west area and 9 in the Mediterranean.
Eight FW 190 planes made a harassing attack on Brighton. One
Typhoon type plane with four guns was shot down by one of our
fighters.
For enemy incursions during the day, see "Situation North Sea".
For details of photographic reconnaissance of the English south
coast, see "Daily Situation".
For the night of 29 Mar. 23 planes have been assigned to mine the
coastal waters between the Thames and the Humber.
During the same night, the enemy attacked the Ruhr area and Berlin
with 80 - 100 planes in each case. For damages, see "Daily Situ-
ation". Ten other planes were observed laying mines in the area
of the West Frisian Islands.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
Besides considerable activity in the Tunisian area, an
attack was made between 0715 and 0730 by twelve He 111 planes on
a westbound enemy convoy northeast of Bougie. Two steamers of
5,000 GRT each were hit.
- 39 I - CONFIDENTIAL
29 Mar. 19ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
Five enemy planes were shot down in aerial combat. For reconnais-
sance results on Algiers and Tripoli, see "Enemy Situation Medi-
terranean".
3. Eastern Front:
On 28 Mar. 31 enemy planes were shot down over the Amy
fronts, as against two of ours.
For reconnaissance results of the 5th Air Force, see "Enemy Situ-
ation Northern Waters". No special reports have been received
from the Uth Air Force.
Special Items:
Commander in Chief, Air Force, Operations Staff has
called the attention of Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff (with copy to Naval Staff) to the necessity of evacuating
essential foodstuffs, war economy goods and supply equipment from
areas liable to air attack and has asked Armed Forces High Com-
mand, Operations Staff to issue corresponding orders. (See tele-
type 2035).
VII. VJarfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
According to a report from Intelligence Center, Spain,
150 German prisoners of war, allegedly submarine crews, were
brought into Europa Point prison in Gibraltar on 2U Mar. Another
180 German prisoners of war are said to have been disembarked in
Gibraltar on the same day. On 26 Mar. 25 twin-engined U.S.
planes with airborne troops landed in Gibraltar.
According to a situation report from Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South, the enemy attack in Tunisia has extended to almost
the whole remaining western front, though the main thrust con-
tinues to be in the south. This has further aggravated the al-
ready critical situation in regard to ammunition. Southeast of
El Guettar further enemy reinforcements indicate a new large-scale
attack with the aim of breaking through to the coast. The main
body of the Italian 1st Army was withdrawn to the "Schott" po-
sition without special enemy pressure.
The situation at sea in the Western Mediterranean shows no es-
sential change. The large convoy of landing craft apparently
entered Oran on 27 Mar. One small convoy arrived at Malta on 27
Mar. and another on 28 Mar. On 29 Mar. convoy traffic was lively.
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29 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
At 0300 there were about 15 vessels north of Cape de Fer on
westerly course. At 0915, 5 vessels with 5 escorts were observed
northeast of Bougie sailing west and at 1205, 2 tankers and 3
escort vessels northwest of Algiers, sailing southeast.
There was a submarine off Cape Carbonara ( Sardinia) at 1017.
Off the southeast corner of Malta, h merchant vessels, including
one very large one, with 2 destroyers and 2 torpedo boats were
observed about noon making for La Valetta.
Complete reconnaissance of the coastal waters between Tobruk and
Sidi Barani produced no sightings. There were 2 large freighters,
3 small steamers and 1 destroyer south of Haifa, sailing north.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean!
Submarine U "77" sank ( presumably after further air at-
tacks). Nine survivors of the crew drifted ashore south of Denia.
Our submarines, which had been sent to help, have been ordered to
return to their operational areas. The survivors were taken to
Valencia by a Spanish gunboat. According to a report from the
Naval Attache, Madrid, the Spanish Navy is doing everything to
help. The gunboat DATO has been ordered to obtain the most exact
information possible from the survivors concerning the position
of sinking, in order that further search may be made.
Weather permitting, PT boats will carry out a minelaying oper-
ation off Bone on the night of 29 Mar.
Submarine-chasers "2201" and "220U" were sunk by an enemy subma-
rine while at anchor on the Palermo roads. Details have not yet
been received. Motor minesweeper R "10", reported a total loss
in the air raid on Ferryville, is expected to be back in oper-
ational readiness within 8-12 weeks with the assistance of the
Ferryville arsenal. The Sousse harbor barrage battery is reported
ready for action again in its new position. On the afternoon of
28 lar. minesweepers M "6021", M "6023" and five auxiliary mine-
sweepers entered Tropez. In regard to the destruction of motor-
ship C, COSTA at Naples, it is reported that she was set on fire
by an explosion of her cargo of gasoline. Loading in Naples is
at present possible only at two moles.
Commanding General, Armed Forces, South reports that, following
the loss of the two destroyers on 2k Mar., the Italian High Com-
mand refuses any further use of destroyers as troop transports
until the French destroyers are in operational readiness. It is
maintained that the nine presently operational Italian destroyers
must be saved for Fleet operations in case of an enemy attack on
- 396 - CONFIDENTIAL
29 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Sardinia or Sicily. Even by representations to the Duce, Coramand-
ing General, Armed Forces, South was unable to have this decision
changed. As shipping is at present suspended due to weather con-
ditions, the only alternative is to carry troops by air transports
which, however, are almost fully committed at present for the
supply of fuel and ammunition.
3. Sea Transport Situation;
The steamers PIERRE CLAUDE and BELLTJNO, escorted by four
torpedo boats, and the steamers LE BORGNE, AQUILA, GIACOMO and
the tanker BIVONA, escorted by 1 destroyer, 2 torpedo boats and 2
German submarine-chasers, were to leave Naples in the evening for
Bizerta. Their departure has not yet been reported. Due to the
weather, it will probably be impossible to resume small vessel
traffic until 30 Mar.
U. Area Naval Group South t
Aegean Seat
On the afternoon of 28 Mar. an enemy submarine was de-
tected l£ miles northwest of Mytilene. Submarine-chase by planes
in the northwestern Aegean Sea and in the Doro Channel, and by
Italian submarine-chasers and the 21st Submarine-Chaser Flotilla
in the Gulf of Petali and the Keos Passage produced no results.
An intensified submarine chase was arranged for 29 Mar. in the
Gulf of Salonika and between Lemnos and the Dardanelles. On 27
and 28 Mar. three suspicious cutters and one rowboat were captured
on the traffic control route.
Convoy service was carried out according to plan and without inci-
dent.
Black Seat
Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance sighted six PT boats sailing north-
west at 0350 northwest of Tuapse. In addition, brisk shipping
was noted off the east coast. A submarine forty miles south of
the Strait of Kerch was bombed by one of our planes. Off Novoros-
sisk, three enemy PT boats making for the landing stage were
forced to turn away by our gunfire.
Own Situation t
Off Cape Sarich the towed convoy to Sevastopol was at-
tacked by four torpedo bombers; they fired four torpedoes which
missed.
- 397 - CONFIDENTIAL
29 Mar. 19 hi CONFIDENTIAL
During an air attack on Anapa, the harbor control office was de-
stroyed and one gun damaged.
The operation by the 1st FT Boat Flotilla during the night of 28
Mar. was unsuccessful. A gunboat was sighted southwest of Tuapse.
Enemy searchlights trained on the sea and the use of flares made
operations immediately off the coast very difficult. During the
night of 29 Mar. four Italian FT boats were on operation south-
east of Novorossisk.
On 27 Mar., minelaying operation MS 53n was carried out north of
Sulina with ihh UMB mines. Convoy traffic between Sevastopol and
Constantza was undisturbed.
The 9th Anapa transport has been carried out; the 10th unit left
Kerch in the afternoon.
The ferry traffic in the Strait of Kerch met with brisk enemy air
activity. Two enemy planes were shot down by anti-aircraft fire
and a third by night fighters. One Ju 52 was attacked by Russian
fighters and made a forced landing. In favorable weather con-
ditions about U,000 persons, 1,500 horses, 1*50 motorized and 350
horse-drawn vehicles, as well as 200 tons of war material were
ferried to the west by 25 naval landing craft and four lighters.
500 soldiers and 1,850 tons of war material were ferried to the
east.
VIII. Situation East Asia.
On the basis of reports from the Japanese Naval Staff, the Naval
Attache", Tokyo reports:
"From 0300 until 0700 on 27 Mar. a naval battle took
place between a U.S. formation consisting of 1 PENSACOLA class
cruiser, 1 light cruiser and h - 5 destroyers, and a Japanese
formation of similar strength at a range of over 17 km. Hits and
fires on the heavy cruiser and other enemy vessels were observed.
The Japanese formation suffered no damage or losses."
According to enemy reports, the battle took place west of Attu
Island in the Aleutians.
- 398 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance.
U.S. A. /Great Britain;
According to a Swiss press report from Washington, Eden is said
to have obtained agreement as to joint action in Europe after a
possible invasion. He is said, however, to have been less suc-
cessful in his attempt to intervene between the U.S.A. and the
U.S.S.R. British intervention was declined in Washington as it
was felt that the U.S.A. could bring about a settlement them-
selves. The "Observer" comments that there still exists a wide
gulf between U.S. public opinion and Soviet policy in regard to
the Balkans and the Baltic States. According to Associated Press,
a conference will be held in London soon after Eden's return.
Sumner Welles is expected to attend this conference as well as the
Chinese Foreign Minister and the Russian Ambassador.
U.S.A.
The press discusses the Government's domestic war aim, which
copies, almost literally, all the measures put into practice
in Germany for the concentration of all forces and exploitation
of all facilities for the prosecution of war.
Turkey:
A prominent political personality has made a statement on the
question of Turkish neutrality. According to this, Turkey is not
neutral towards the war between Germany and Britain but non-bel-
ligerant, since Great Britain is her ally. However, Turkey is
neutral, in the full meaning of the word, towards the German/
Russian and the Japanese/American war. As for the rest, Turkey
has no evil intentions whatsoever nor does she bear hostility of
any kind towards any country. Her alliance with Great Britain is
a purely defensive one. Turkey will never raise her hand against
a country that does not attack her.
On 31 Mar. the Bulgarian King Boris is expected at the Fuehrer
Headquarters.
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Peport by the representative of Quartermaster Division,
Fleet Branch on the situation and status of naval landing craft.
In the course of this conference Chief, Naval Staff decided that
the third pair of artillery motor lighters should not be trans-
ferred to the Black Sea but to the Mediterranean. Two artillery
- 399 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
motor lighters have already been sent to the Black Sea and two
others are en route. The fourth and fifth pairs are also to be
transferred to the Black Sea.
In a Highly Restricted Circle;
II. Report by Chief , Operations Branch , Operations Division;
On plans of Commander, Submarines, Norway for submarine
operations in northern waters, as per memorandum in War Diary of
29 Mar., Chief, Naval Staff ordered that the Group be instructed
to keep in mind the uncertain date of the PQ convoy and to make
sure that the submarines are advised of the appearance of the
RFGENSBTTFG.
Mo other special reports or decisions.
Special Items.
I. Copy of the final service instructions for Vice Admiral Ruge
for the duration of his command with the Italian Admiralty, as
per 1/Skl 9331A3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
II. In order to clear up the question of responsibility in the
Adriatic - Aegean sea transport service which is at present com-
pletely confused, Quartermaster Division plans to institute the
follcwing measures insofar as they have not already been put into
effect;
1.) Conference between Commander in Chief, Navy and Reichs-
statthalter Kaufmann for the purpose of agreement on the follow-
ing points;
a.) Supply of the Armed Forces to be handled by the
Navy; industrial supply by the Deputy for German Sea Transpor-
tation in the Mediterranean. Similar responsibilities for organi-
zation, loading and unloading.
b.) Commanding General, Armed Forces to make use of the
Navy sea transport organization for the supply of the Armed Forces.
He will establish priorities for the goods to be shipped, and the
ports of departure and destination and will be responsible for
transportation to and from the quay.
c.) The Deputy for German Sea Transportation in the
Mediterranean will be responsible for the provision and management
of merchant tonnage in accordance with the requirements of the
Navy sea transport organization.
- 1*00 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
2.) The attention of Armed Forces High Command, Operations
Staff is called to the order of Supply and Transportation Office
of the Armed Forces Overseas, by which, without the knowledge or
participation of High Command, Navy, tasks of the Navy in sea
transport have been transferred in part to Commanding General,
Armed Forces and in part to the Mediterranean shipping company.
It is requested that this order be immediately cancelled and
that the responsibilities as always practiced in the Adriatic -
Aegean sea transport be restored independent of a final decision.
III. Group North proposes that gunboat K "1", after she becomes
operational on 30 April and until the start of engine replacement
at the end of May, be put under Commanding Admiral, Defenses,
Baltic; that K "2" be sent to Norway for the Arctic area and K "3M
also to Norway, after completion of current repairs at about the
end of Apr.
The first four vessels of the 29th Minesweeper Flotilla will be
ready for operation about the middle of May.
17. The Naval Attache, Madrid has forwarded, for information, a
report from the Air Attache on a discussion with the Spanish Air
Minister. Copy as per l/Skl 923U/U3 Gkdos. in War Diary, Part
C a. The report gives Spaniard's opinion concerning the probable
development of the war situation and the political expediencies
arising from it. He considers the situation in the Mediterranean
in the framework of the overall situation. The Minister does not
believe that the British and Americans already have sufficient
forces for a landing in Sardinia, He certainly does not believe
that they are at present planning a landing on the Iberian Pen-
insula. In his opinion, the center of events will shift to the
Eastern Mediterranean. He considers the weakest point of the
Axis to be the Balkans. Our enemies expect that, in case of an
Anglo-American attack on the Balkans, Turkey will finally side
with them. He holds that Germany should concentrate her efforts
this year on the Russian front, although this would not enable
her to finish the war against the Soviets. The situation would
alter only if Japan should decide to take active steps against
Russia in the Far East. This, however, was unlikely. On the
political side, Germany had so far neglected to make full use of
the occupied eastern territories by granting national self-
government within the German sphere of power. Also, the creation
of even a small Polish state would be to Germany's interest. The
creation of such states would greatly relieve the German Armed
Forces in the east, so that they could again be used for the de-
cisive battle against the Anglo-American powers.
V, According to radio intelligence, five large British steamers
carrying war material from the U.S.A. to the Persian Gulf have
sailed again, after unloading in the Persian Gulf ports, with a
- liOl - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
new load of war material for Egypt. According to Naval Intelli-
gence Division, such movements are unusual and can be accounted
for only by another report received to the effect that shipping
is urgently needed in Egypt for the middle of April.
Situation 30 M?r.
I, War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
Nothing special to report.
2. Own Situation:
Naval Staff has informed the DOGGERBANK: by radiogram
1506 of weather conditions north of h$° Nj by radiogram 09 lU of
the position of two England - Gibraltar convoys at 39°30' N, 13°
W, of a convoy to Gibraltar at 3^°30' N, 28° W and of a convoy
West Indies - England at 3U°30» N, 23° Wj by radiogram 1$06 of
positions of various Swiss and Spanish vessels in the Atlantic
between 30° and 1*0° N.
The REOENSBITRG and KARIN have been informed, by radiogram 1158,
of weather conditions in the Iceland area. Favorable weather for
unobserved passage through the central and northern part of the
Denmark Strait is still forecast.
By radiogram 1109, REGENSBURG has been informed that, in the
afternoon, our air reconnaissance can be expected north of 66° N
as far as the ice limit between 0° and 15° W.
The submarine rendezvous with the KARIN has not yet been reported.
The KARIN has been informed, by radiogram 1236, that the submarine
is still waiting at the position given on 28 Mar.
The IRENE has been given the following instruction:
1.) Naval Staff plans to bring IRENE in to Norway north
or south of Iceland.
2.) The submarine rendezvous will presumably take place
at about point "Isegrimm". The submarine will bring operational
orders and charts.
3.) Therefore, if engines and weather permit, proceed
northwards at about 12 knots so as to pass Iceland before full
moon.
- U02 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 War. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
2u) IRENE'S light construction and consequently reduced
speed in bad weather is realized here.
5») Deliver courier mail to the submarine.
Copy of the radiogram as per l/Skl I k 95U/U3 Gkdos. Chefs, in
War Diary, Part C, Vol. I.
All vessels in foreign waters have been advised by radiogram 0912
that nine FW 200 planes will pass 15° W on their return flight
from reconnaissance at 1700, and that weather conditions are
generally unchanged. Radiogram 1500 contains information on the
position of an enemy convoy which will be at 32° N, 30° W, on
easterly course, at 0800 on 31 Mar,
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation:
According to air reconnaissance there was, at 1600, a
formation consisting of 3 heavy cruisers, k destroyers and 2 air-
craft carriers in a position 330 miles west of Oporto, on souther-
ly course, speed 20 knots. Group West believes the formation to
be an escort group for the MKF 11 convoy which evidently turned
back because of the British air reconnaissance report on the 8th
Destroyer Flotilla, Group West also believes that our own planes
overestimated the types.
British reconnaissance over the outer Biscay and in the area north-
west of Cape Villano was brisk. Our Operation "Elisabeth" vessels
were reported several times by air reconnaissance. For instance,
the four destroyers were picked up 180 miles west of Cape Villano,
and at 1320, a merchant vessel was reported at l*k025* N, 11° W on
course southwest, with the comment "probably the TANNENFELS".
Finally, a German merchant vessel was reported at 2010 90 miles
northwest of Cape Villano on course 220°.
British vessels were located 520 miles and hSS miles west of
Brest, and 120 miles and iiOO miles northwest of Cape Ortegal.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast:
At 2000, the Group advised all concerned in "Elisabeth"
and "Arno" of a sighting report of a British plane at 1320 at
UU°25 ' N, 11° W and instructed the relevant blockade runner im-
mediately to sail west. (See radiogram 2000).
- 1*03 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. lPli3 CONFIDENTIAL
Group "Landwehr" ( ?th Destroyer Flotilla with the PORTLAND) has
been Informed by Group West of the result of our air reconnais-
sance (convoy at l600 in grid square CF 359 h on course south).
The 0S0RN0 was instructed by Group West, by radiogram 2310, to
reach li3°30' N at dawn and then proceed on a general westerly
course.
At 2157 the following groups of an incompletely deciphered short
signal were received from the HIMALAYA: "Position li7°20« N, 12°
W, confidential papers destroyed".
Further details and copies of all orders and reports concerning
"Elisabeth" are contained in Appendix to War Diary, Part C II b,
file "Elisabeth".
Channel Coast:
A French fishing cutter sank off Dunkirk after striking
a mine.
During a thrust on the night of 28 Mar., the lith FT Boat Flotilla,
after reaching the convoy route in grid square AN 8179 , was de-
tected by continuous starshells fired from midnight on the convoy
route and chased to the northeast at 0100. After their departure
from the assembly point to the east, the vessels were accompanied
by several shadowers carrying radar and when approaching the po-
sition of the 2nd FT Boat Flotilla, after the latter 's contact
with the enemy ( see War Diary, 29 Mar.) they were constantly lo-
cated by a shadower. Sea reconnaissance planes crossed over them
eight times, dropping bombs the last time. The Flotilla put in
first to Helder and later transferred to Ljmuiden. For brief re-
port see teletype 12h0.
Ill* North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Sea:
Three ground mines were cleared north of Terschelling
and one north of Borkum. An Elbe - Hook convoy entered Borkum
because of bad weather. For the same reason, only one patrol
position was occupied. From 2200 on 29 Mar, incursions by
several low-flying enemy planes into the area west of Borkum were
observed. Aerial mines are suspected in the shipping lanes north
of Ameland - Schiermonikoog. At 1U29 one of the enemy planes re-
turning from an attack on Berlin was shot down by the naval anti-
aircraft guns at Wilhe lms haven. As the planes flew over, radar
- UOli - CONFIDENTIAL
•V,
v;
30 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
sets were jammed. Another plane is reported to have been shot
down by naval anti-aircraft guns near the Hook of Holland on the
afternoon of 29 Mar.
In regard to the proposal of Commanding Admiral, Defenses, North
concerning Danish fishing vessels west of the declared area ( see
War Diary, 23 Mar.), it is now reported that:
a.) Naval Staff telephoned to Commanding Admiral, De-
fenses, North that, according to former instructions, full of-
fensive action is permitted against Danish fishing vessels en-
countered outside their fishing grounds, but that an effort must
be made to capture them if possible.
b.) The Reich Ministry of Food emphasizes the special
importance of Danish fishing and has proposed that Admiral, Den-
mark take steps for penalties to be made more severe ( Reich
Deputy with the Danish Government).
c.) Naval Staff is investigating whether prize regu-
lations in force allow the confiscation of fishing vessels sur-
prised in infringement.
On 25 Mar., Admiral, Denmark was advised accordingly by telephone
by Chief, Operations Division. For views of Admiral, Denmark,
see War Diary, 26 Mar.
2. Norway/Northern Waters;
Enemy Situation:
According to radio intelligence, Commander, Destroyer
Flotilla was at sea in the afternoon with four destroyers in the
area of Murmansk. Destroyers were named together with submarines.
Four Russian submarines were observed operating off the north
coast of Norway. In the afternoon, one submarine put to sea for
operations. One submarine is to return to Polarnoye on 31 Mar.
Russian submarines were informed of our own steamer movements
from Tromsoe to the east and of our movements in the area of Sylte
Fiord. On 29 Mar. a British vessel was located in the direction
of Spitzbergen.
Own Situation:
At 1030 a westbound convoy was attacked by an enemy
submarine without success near Korsneset. On 29 Mar. enemy air
attacks were made on Petsamo and on an eastbound convoy near
Festerneset, against which seven torpedoes were fired but missed.
- Ii05 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19h3 CONFIDENTIAL
Seven borfcs were dropped on an eastbound convoy near Sylte Fiord,
and three aerial torpedoes (all misses) were fired on an east-
bound convoy near Kyberg. In addition, Vardoe was bombed. One
enemy Pe 2 plane was shot down by Battery Vardoe.
Naval Command, Norway is to make a daily shipping movements report
to Naval Staff separated from the Daily Situation Report. For
copy see teletype 1710.
PT boats S "6U" and S "69" have entered Bodoej S nhhn and S "66",
with the C. PETERS, left Ramsund for Bodoe.
Naval Staff has informed Group North that the rendezvous of the
KARIN with the submarine has not yet taken place. On 29 Mar.,
the IRENE reported her position and was ordered to meet a subma-
rine and, proceeding if possible at 12 knots, to take Route "Hamil-
kar" via point "Anton". By dead reckoning Naval Staff expects the
ship to be at "Anton" on 8 or 9 April.
Group North has advised Naval Staff of the instruction to Admiral,
Northern Waters concerning measures for the escort of the REGENS-
BURG by three destroyers of the Alta group. The NUERNBERG Group
is to transfer as covering group to Harstad. Corresponding tele-
type as per l/Skl 956/1*3 Gkdos. Chefs, in War Diary, Part C, Vol.
II a.
From l600, Group North will take over control of the EEGENSBURG.
Weather forecast for 31 Mar. was transmitted to REGEN5BURG by
Group North in radiogram 21l3. The storm depression in Eastern
Iceland is moving towards the Lofoten Islands.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The patrol line in the Skagerrak was occupied during the day by
five patrol boats and during the night by one. On account of
weather conditions, the other boats remained in the lee of the
land. In the Sound one ground mine was cleared south of Helsing-
oer and one southeast of Nyborg. The closing of Route "38" has
been cancelled. Fourteen vessels are engaged in channel checking.
At 1730 on 29 Mar., the ADMIRAL ad in Swinemende.
At 03^7, submarine U nkl6" struck a mine in grid square AO 8381.
She can be kept afloat and has put in to Roenne.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that the laying of barrage
- 106 - COHFIEEMPIII
30 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
"Nashorn II a" has been completed. On account of weather con-
ditions, sweeping of the minelaying course for "Nashorn IV a"
had to be discontinued. No reports have been received from net
defense unit "Walross". Admiral, Baltic States reports that a
heavy anti-aircraft battery is ready for action in Tallinn. On
the east coast of the Gulf of Riga and on Oesel numerous balloons
carrying containers filled with liquid have been reported and
some have been shot down and secured. As yet no damage has been
reported. A company of the 531st Naval Artillery Battalion ef-
fectively assisted during enemy attacks on the position of the
10th Air Force Field Division. A U.S. radio set and a rubber
dinghy were captured from an enemy reconnaissance patrol south of
Lovkolovo.
V. Merchant Shipping.
A report by Naval Intelligence Division, Foreign Merchant Marine
Branch on the status of the Russian merchant fleet in the Black
Sea as at the middle of Mar, is contained as per l/Skl 1003iiA3
geh, in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XI.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Eneny Situation:
Reconnaissance activity in the Bay of Biscay was brisk,
33 planes being observed.
2. Cwn Situation;
The three convoy operations started in the Atlantic were
discontinued in view of the proximity to land and the consequent
very heavy air threat. From the convoy southeast of Greenland, a
10,000 GRT steamer is reported to have been sunk by submarine U
"610" on 29 Mar. and a supplementary report states that a 5*000
GRT steamer was probably sunk on 11 Mar. by submarine U "86".
The submarines in operational area AK have been ordered to seek
unaccompanied vessels.
From the northbound convoy in BE, submarines U "662" and U "Uolt"
sank four more steamers for 27,000 GRT and torpedoed three others,
Four submarines in BE have been detached to assist the PIETRO
0RSE0L0.
- Ii07 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
No success reports have been received from the boats in the south
on operation against the convoy south of the Canaries. Further
details are contained in "Supplement to the Submarine Situation"
in War Diary, Part B, Vol, IV.
VII* Aerial Warfare.
1. British Isles and Vicinity:
Ninety-seven planes of the 3rd Air Force were on oper-
ation in the west area and 18 in the Mediterranean. For re-
connaissance results, see "Enemy Situation West Area".
Between 19ii5 and 2050 the enemy made a low-level attack on the
Philipps plant at Eindhoven.
2. Mediterranean Theater;
The 2nd Air Force was engaged in continuous support of
the Army forces in the Tunisian area throughout the day and the
night. Two enemy planes were shot down.
During the night of 29 Mar., one hit was observed on a 5,000 GRT
steamer and another on a destroyer during an attack on a west-
bound convoy between Algiers and Bougie. Sinking could not be
confirmed,
3. Eastern Front:
On 29 Mar., 35 enemy planes were shot down over the Array
fronts •
No reports have been received from the bth Air Force. The 5th
Air Force had 31 planes on operation for reconnaissance and escort
tasks. At the request of Group North two Fti 200 planes carried
out reconnaissance in the sea area southwest of Jan Mayen and
four BV 138 planes east of Iceland. No enemy vessels were sighted.
VIII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
On the afternoon of 29 Mar. , five landing craft and two
other boats, believed to be landing craft, entered Gibraltar from
the Atlantic. The ADVENTURE class minelayer left Gibraltar the
same evening, presumably for the Mediterranean. On the morning
- U08 - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 hi CONFIDENTIAL
of 30 Mar. six destroyers and two submarines, one flying the
Polish flag, left Gibraltar for the Mediterranean, In the after-
noon, the MALAYA carried out firing exercises east of the fortress
and returned to Gibraltar about 2300. At noon, a French convoy of
four steamers with three escort vessels entered Gibraltar from the
Atlantic •
According to the information from Naval Intelligence Division, it
may be assumed that the landing craft used for the landing in Al-
geria on 8 Nov. 19U2 are still in those harbors. On 25 Mar. trans-
port vessels in Gibraltar for enemy landing operations were assumed
to be the LSI's PRINCESS BEATRIX and QUEEN EMMA, also 16 LST's, 2k
U.S. LCT's and 6 LCT!s on board the 16 LST's. These are suf-
ficient to land 7,332 men and Slh tanks. Including the landing
craft in Algerian harbors, there was thus enough special shipping
available in the Western Mediterranean for simultaneous use in
landing fy infantry divisions and 1^-2 armored divisions. This
figure may still be increased by landing craft not yet observed.
Shipping off the Algerian coast was slight. According to a sight-
ing report, there were six steamers in Bougie and three destroyers
on the roads on 29 Mar.
Submarines were sighted near Cape San Vito, southwest of Cape
Carbonara and north of Palermo.
In the Eastern Mediterranean shipping was also only slight.
According to an uncomfirmed radio broadcast from America at 2020,
British forces are said to have landed in Sfax.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area. No action reports have been received from our own subma-
rines.
On 29 Mar. and on 30 Mar., PT boats did not operate because of
bad weather.
Five submarine -chasers of the 22nd Submarine-Chaser Flotilla per-
formed convoy escort. Minesweeper M "602ii"and submarine-chaser
"2210" were to move from Naples to Trapani. Report on this has
not yet been received. The tenth boat of the 22nd Submarine-
Chaser Flotilla left Marseilles on 29 Mar. for Toulon. Mine-
sweepers M "6021", M "6023" and four auxiliary motor minesweepers
entered Imperia. They are to proceed on to Naples on 30 Mar.
According to a report from Commanding General, Armed Forces,
South, the large-scale enemy attack southeast of El Guettar has
- U09 - CONFIDENT IAL
30 Mar. 19ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
so far been repulsed in heavy fighting. Enemy concentration at
this point for a break-through to the east is clearly evident.
He is concentrating mainly in the area around El Hamm and Gabes.
From the withdrawal of the two auxiliary aircraft carriers from
Gibraltar to the west, Commanding General, Armed Forces, South
concludes that for the time being the enemy is not planning major
naval operations in the Western Mediterranean.
The German Staff with the Italian Admiralty reports that the two
submarine-chasers sunk in Palermo roads by an enemy submarine,
had anchored in shallow waters, relying on their echo-ranging sets,
As shown by the consequences, this was a mistake.
Admiral, Aegean Sea reports that at noon on 2 Apr. the HERMES will
be ready to sail from Piraeus. He assumes that German Naval Com-
mand, Italy will control the transfer. The latter has reported
Naples as provisional port of destination and the necessary orders
for radio procedure during transfer.
German Naval Command, Italy, in agreement with the German Staff
with the Italian Admiralty and Chief, Supply and Transport, Italy,
has submitted a request to Quartermaster Division for militari-
zation of the war transports. (See War Diary, 25 Mar.), Naval
Staff has decided that, owing to the shortage of personnel, a
full military crew for these vessels can not be provided and that
military control, if necessary, must be carried out by escort
officers. The management of the ships must remain unchanged.
Copy as per teletype l/Skl 9657 A3 geh. in War Diary, Part C,
Vol. XIV.
To an inquiry from Quartermaster Division, German Naval Command,
Italy reports that by intervention of Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South, fifteen 2 cm four-barreled anti-aircraft guns have
been placed at the disposal of the Naval Shipborne Anti-Aircraft
Battalion, Naples for use on Italian escort vessels.* The for-
mation of a training battery of the Anti-Aircraft and Coastal
Gunnery School has been requested.
* A proposal has been made to the Italian Admiralty to exchange
the 2 cm Breda guns for German four-barreled anti-aircraft guns
and that Italian gunners be trained by the Naval Shipborne Anti-
Aircraft Battalion, Naples.
- lilO - CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
3. Sea Transport Situation;
At 1017 on 29 Mar., the steamer EGLE ( l,lli2 GRT) was
sunk by an enemy submarine near Cape Carbonara.
On 30 Mar., convoy traffic to Tunisia was again hampered to some
extent by the weather. The LE BORGNE convoy is running to
schedule. The NUORO convoy, en route from Naples to Tunis, en-
tered Trapani for a short stay during the night of 29 Mar. and,
after joining the steamer BENEVENTO which had come from Naples,
continued passage during the night of 30 Mar. On account of bad
weather, the convoy PIERRE CLAUDE - BELLUNO put in to Trapani
temporarily but continued to Bizerta during the same night. War
transports KT "7" and KT H9" have returned to Naples because of
engine trouble on one of the vessels. War transports KT "5">
KT "6W and KT n13n> en route from Palermo to Bizerta, anchored
off Trapani on account of bad weather. An Italian torpedo boat,
en route from Naples to Bizerta, collided with an Italian cor-
vette and had to be diverted to Trapani. Another torpedo boat
put in to Trapani for protection from the weather. Nine Italian
and eight German naval landing craft, en route from Trapani to
Bizerta, anchored in the lee of Marettimoj 13 Siebel ferries, 15
infantry landing boats and one landing craft, which had left Mar-
sala for Tunis, returned to their port of departure because of
the weather.
Two neutral merchant ships which left Marseilles on 28 Mar. ar-
rived at their Italian port of destination on 29 Mar.
h. Area Naval Group South:
Aegean Sea;
Submarine chase by planes in the northern Aegean Sea
produced no result. On 28 Mar., a Greek motor sailing ship was
rammed and sunk by an enemy submarine south of Lemnos, after
having refused to sail to Egypt. There were no German soldiers
aboard.
Unescorted small vessel traffic in the sea area Salonika - Lemnos
was stopped because of submarine danger.
A naval landing craft and five boats of the Coastal Patrol Flo-
tilla, Macedonia have been assigned to support anti-guerilla
activities on the coast of Salonika. Convoy traffic was carried
out according to plan.
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30 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
Black Sea:
Enemy Situation;
According to air reconnaissance, there was little ship-
ping off the Caucasian coast,
Cwn Situation:
Operations by the four Italian PT boats during the night
of 29 Mar, were uneventful. The boats were fired on from shore
without effect. During the night of 30 Mar., five boats of the
1st PT Boat Flotilla were on operation in the sea area of Tuapse.
On 30 Mar. Naval Shore Commander, Caucasus successfully raided
the coastal strip northeast of Temriuk in connection with a land-
ing operation of the 1*9 th Army Corps. Three motor-fishing cutters
and two motor tugs were employed. One boat was sunk by one of our
own chasers.
During an enemy air attack on Sevastopol, the accomodation ship
of the 1st PT Boat Flotilla was hit, sprang a leak and sank.
Salvaging will be possible. The Supply and Transport Office
building was destroyed. Twenty German and 50 Roumanian soldiers
were killed. The Chief of the Supply and Transport Office was
badly wounded.
Convoy service between Sevastopol and Constantza was carried out
according to plan.
In the ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch, about ii,000
persons, 320 motorized and 719 horse-drawn vehicles and 2,500
horses were transferred to the west and 5^9 soldiers and about
1,800 tons of war material to the east. Twenty-seven naval land-
ing craft and two lighters were used.
IX. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
- iil2 - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19 U3 CONFIDENTIAL
Items of Political Importance,
U.S.A.*
With reference to the discussions with Eden, Roosevelt declared
at his press conference on 30 Mar. that he hoped that the U.S.A.
and Russia would also meet in similar conferences in the near
future. Meetings of the same kind would also be held with other
representatives of the United Nations. In his talks with Eden,
definite agreement had been reached. The views of both Govern-
ments corresponded to a great extent. All current military and
political matters had been discussed as well as post-war problems.
Final decisions had not been reached nor had they been planned.
The discussions were only for the purpose of information.
The U.S. State Department announces that 38 nations have been in-
vited to discuSB problems of post-war supply with the U.S.A. The
conference will be opened on 27 Apr. and will be held at a place
in the U.S.A. to be ammounced later.
In regard to Anglo-American-Russian relations, the United Press
reports i
"Since the press conference held by the American Ambassador
in Moscow, Admiral Standley, in which he complained about sup-
pression by the Russian press of information on American aid,
increasing acknowledgement of the part played by American war
material in the Russian theater of war is now to be noted in
Russian reports. At the same time, there is also a marked in-
crease of reports in the American press on conditions in the
Soviet Union."
Chile:
On the occasion of U.S. Vice-President Wallace's visit to Santi-
ago, the Chilean War Minister declared at a dinner that it would
be a good thing if Chilean forces took an active part in the war
on the side of the United Nations.
Great Britain;
According to radio London, Alexander stated that, in spite of the
damage caused by submarines to shipping, Allied ship construction
had exceeded losses by a good two million tons during the past
eight months. The submarine, however, still remains an increasing
menace. He did not intend to give any information on British at-
tacks against submarines as he did not want to afford the Axis the
chance to send out submarines to replace those lost. In the next
few months the fleet of escort vessels would be reinforced from
- 1*13 - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
both sides of the Atlantic. At this moment there were hundreds
of motor torpedo and gunboats. British submarine losses were
"grievous and heavy", but Great Britain could "more than replace"
these submarines.
Churchill declared in the House of Commons that it was not in the
public interest to state on what other fronts, besides North
Africa, Burma and the Southwest Pacific, British land, sea and
air forces had "moved into position". Asked if he would advise
against use of the expression "Second Front", Churchill answered
that to his mind, this was not desirable. Great Britain's friends,
who were struggling very hard, knew exacly what was meant in Great
Britain by the "Second Front".
Conference on the Situation with Chief, Naval Staff.
I. Conference of Departmental Chiefs.
At the conference of the Chiefs of Departments with Commander in
Chief, Navy, Operations Division first gave a review of the Army
situation and the situation at sea.
Commander in Chief, Navy then made some basic statements, which
are characterized by the following twelve points:
1.) All measures must serve towards winning the war.
2.) The war against merchant shipping is in the forefront.
Every effort must be made.
3.) Of special importance is the campaign against enemy lo-
cation and the enemy Air Force.
U.) The construction of new submarines will be increased.
5«) The FT boat weapon is to be promoted. It can play a
valuable part in the war against merchant shipping by attacking
British coastal convoys.
6.) The Air Force will change its tactics. It also will
try to adjust its operations to the aspects of the war against
merchant shipping.
7.) The Japanese Navy will also take up submarines and the
war against merchant shipping.
8.) Italy must hold Tunis by using all forces in order to
avoid immeasurable consequences.
- lilll - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
9.) Our own convoy escort must be increased.
10.) Efforts must be made to economize manpower as much as
possible.
11.) Bureaucracy must be stamped out.
12.) Decentralization and the establishment of responsibility
are of the greatest importance.
II* In connection with a report by Chief, Naval Intelligence Di-
vision on newly established enemy closed areas off the British
coasts, which must also be considered from the viewpoint of an
attack from Great Britain against the Continent, Chief, Naval
Staff commented that, according to the statements of Field Marshal
Rundstedt, the greatest difficulties in connection with the occu-
pation and defense Army in the occupied west area would be sur-
mounted by 15 April, and that, from 15 "May onwards, an enemy
attack could be anticipated with the greatest serenity. On this
occasion, Chief, Naval Staff demanded that the submarine bases
should not be allowed to fall into enemy hands, even for half an
hour.
III. Report by Quartermaster Division, on net barrages, torpedo
barrages, hawser buoy barrages and anti-submarine net barrages.
17. Chief, Naval Staff ordered examination of the desirability
or otherwise of a raid for the purpose of capturing British radar
sets or other measuring gear from the British coast. This exami-
nation is to be made by Chief, Naval Communications Division.
In a Highly Restricted Circle:
V. Report by Chief, Operations Branch, Operations Division:
a.) on Group North's order for meeting of the REGENSBURG by
three destroyers of the Alta Group and preparation of the NUERN-
BERG Group as a supporting force, in accordance with memorandum
in War Diary, 30 Mar.
b.) on the performance of Operation "Elisabeth" and the
bringing in of the PIETRO 0RSE0L0 as per memorandum in file "Oper-
ation Elisabeth".
No decisions are required from Naval Staff.
Special Items.
- klS - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19 h3 CONFIDENTIAL
I. Naval Staff agreed with Group North's proposal concerning
the employment of gunboats K "1", K n2n and K "3" (see War Diary,
30 Mar.).
II. Commander in Chief, Navy has had the following teletype sent
to the 8th Minesweeper Flotilla:
"From the War Diary of the 8th Minesweeper Flotilla I have
noted the outstanding overall achievements of the Flotilla from
the day of its establishment up to 7 Dec. 19^2.
"I commend the Commander of the Flotilla at that time, Lt. Cdr.
von Kamptz, and his men for their excellent performance of duty
and the great successes obtained, n
III. The Naval Liaison Officer with the hth Air Force reported on
13 Mar. to Air Force, Operations Staff, Naval Liaison Officer on
the successful results of his liaison activity. Among other
things, the question of quicker transmission of reconnaissance
results has been satisfactorily solved. Efforts to increase the
use of aerial mines and to set up air convoy escort are making
progress. In view of the sympathy of the Uth Air Force Staff
towards all naval difficulties, the Naval Liaison Officer also
expects to achieve results in more important matters.
In view of this favorable situation, the Naval Liaison Officer
has been urged, through the Liaison Officer with Air Force Oper-
ations Staff, to win over the iith Air Force for large-scale bomb-
ing of the Black Sea naval forces in Batum and Poti and of subma-
rines at the other bases.
IV. According to reports from Group West, the effectiveness of
cutting floats in the Channel area is problematical in view of
excessive dips. This would mean that the l,0li5 cutting floats
so far used in this area have been useless. Moreover, the lack
of suitable anti-sweeping gear just here is particularly disadvan-
tageous operationally. The enemy cannot at present be prevented
by planes or naval forces from sweeping our flanking barrages, and
their defensive force must be maintained as long as possible, as
the laying of new barrages is feasible only in a limited area.
Naval Staff has therefore ordered Naval Ordnance Division, Under-
water Obstacles Branch to adapt the cutting floats immediately
against dip so that the laying of new barrages with anti-sweeping
gear, planned for April, can be carried out.
V. On 2 Mar. 19^3 , Operations Division reported on the measures
taken for provision of naval landing craft in the Mediterranean
and the Black Sea. l/Skl 61x0$ /h}> Gkdos., with comments from
Quartermaster Division, is to be found as per l/Skl 9U52/U3 Gkdos.
in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIV.
- Ul6 - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19 k3 CONFIDENTIAL
VI. For report by Naval ( Ship) Construction Division, K III HI.
Q\00/\x3 gen., of 27 Mar. on overland transport via France and on
organisation of the western sector Auxerre - Chalons, see Files
l/Skl I L 15/Gk.
VII. On the basis of subsequently acquired knowledge of the
reasons and purposes of the military-political report by the
Military Attache', Rome(see War Diary, 29 Mar.), the Naval Attache,
Rome requests that his previously expressed opinion of the report
be disregarded since it is important that the effect of the report
on High Command, Army, Armed Forces High Command and the Fuehrer's
Adjuatant should not be undermined. Copy of teletype l/Skl 9k87/li3
Gkdos. in War Diary, Part C, Vol. XIII.
VIII. Naval Intelligence Division has studied the report of the
Spanish Consul in Cardiff (see War Diary, 20 Mar.) and, after
examining the various items, states in brief that the report does
not correspond to its own information. The view that there is
currently a severe crisis in shipping cannot be shared. Further
limitations in the civilian sector are considered temporarily
possible. In summer 19h3 the enemy's new construction will proba-
bly have reached its peak. Whether, in connection with the sink-
ings to be anticipated, the enemy's shipping situation will be
alleviated, cannot be foreseen.
IX. A copy of a short evaluation of intelligence by Naval In-
telligence Division, Foreign Merchant Marine Branch, concerning
enemy concentrations during the period 21 to 28 Mar. , is to be
found, in the form of a memorandum for a verbal report by Chief,
Naval Intelligence Division, in War Diary, File "Data on the
Enemy Situation".
The following should be noted:
a.) The report of 22 Mar. alleging concentration of the
British Home Fleet and its putting to sea, is probably false.
b.) The situation in the Western Mediterranean has been
aggravated by the presence of another battleship and the ap-
pearance of new landing craft, including 16 LST's.
X. Copy of the discussion between Commander in Chief, Navy and
President Diehls on 30 Jan. as per l/Skl 9819/U3 geh. See War
Diary, Part C, Vol. XI.
XI. Naval Intelligence Division reports, in connection with the
enemy situation east, on Russian PT boat formations in the Black
Sea. Copy as per l/Skl 9983A3 geh. in War Diary, File "Data on
the Enemy Situation".
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31 Mar. 1913 CONFIDENTIAL
Situation 31 Mar.
I. War in Foreign Waters.
1. Enemy Situation;
An intelligence report from two agents states that a con-
voy with Brazilian troops and material left Natal and Pernambuco
at the end of Mar. for West Africa.
Movements of the French cruiser PRIMAIJGUET and the auxiliary
cruiser BULOLO, as well as of a number of destroyers and corvettes
in escort and patrol service, are reported from the area of Free-
town at the end of Mar.
In the middle of Mar., a U.S. convoy with planes and pilots for
India and Australia put in to Port Elizabeth.
It is reported from Mozambique that shipping to the north has in-
creased again.
2. Own Situation:
By radiogram 13^0, Naval Staff informed the DOGGERBANK
of the weather report for 31 Mar. and, by radiogram 13^0, that
the enemy northbound convoy is believed to have turned back having
sighted our destroyers at kl° N, l6°30' W. By radiogram 2223,
the DOGGERBANK was advised, as a result of air reconnaissance,
that the reported northbound convoy was again sighted at 13U5 on
a northerly course at Ulo30» N, 15° W.
Naval Staff has informed Group West that on 1 Apr. at 1200 and at
1900 Naval Staff will assume control of the three outgoing block-
ade runners.
By radiogram 2306, the ALSTERUFER and 0S0RN0 were instructed that
Naval Staff will assume control on 1 Apr. at 1200, and the PORT-
LAND that Naval Staff will assume control on 1 Apr. at 1900. For
PORTLAND, point "Paddel" is shifted 100 miles further east and
for the 0S0RN0, point "Ebbstrom" is shifted 300 miles further
east. After assumption of control by Naval Staff, the ALSTERUFER
is to make direct for Odde, PORTLAND and 0S0RN0 for the new points
"Paddel" and "Ebbstrom". From these points the ships are to hold
a southerly course.
Naval Staff calculates that the IRENE will reach U3° N, 36° W on
b or 5 Apr. She has been ordered to make for this point five
hours after dawn and to wait within a ten mile radius thereof un-
til dusk. The ship has also been advised of a special recognition
signal. In order that she may be guided through the northern
- Iil8 - CONFIDENTIAL
31 Mar. 19 13 CONFIDENTIAL
passage as early as possible before the full moon period, delay-
must be avoided. IRENE has therefore been ordered, after receipt
of the operational order to steer north, together with the subma-
rine which delivers it, at ten to twelve knots and to release the
submarine as soon as the reports required by the operational order
have been handed over. Submarine Division has been informed by
letter l/Skl I k 975/13 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary, Fart C,
Vol. I.
II. Situation West Area.
1. Enemy Situation;
The Intelligence Service reports from a diplomatic
source, as of 29 Mar., that on 19, 21 and 23 Mar., lh troop trans-
ports with American and Canadian troops arrived in Glasgow. The
troops were immediately taken by road to the north coast of
Scotland. On 22 Mar. a U.S. convoy, consisting of 23 steamers
and 6 tankers, entered Belfast. The cargo consisted mainly of
gliders for troop transport, landing craft, motor boats, tractors,
light tanks and steel nets for the construction of provisional
take-off and landing strips.
Another intelligence report of 26 Mar., from Dunkirk, states that
an enemy landing is expected between 2 and 15 Mar. in the area of
Calais with a simultaneous feint attack on Boulogne.
At 10li5 air reconnaissance sighted 9 merchant vessels and 1
cruiser on southerly course in grid square CG ll73 and, at 13^5,
in almost the same sea area, a convoy consisting of 27 merchant
vessels with 3 cruisers and 8 escort vessels on northerly course.
Radio intelligence intercepted a number of enemy reports concern-
ing our convoy shadowers and an unidentified vessel, speed twelve
knots, course 70°, in grid square BF 81i73 at 1113.
2. Own Situation:
Atlantic Coast;
One ELM/j mine was cleared in the Gironde.
Regarding brief signal 2157 from the HIMALAYA on 30 Mar., the
Naval Communications Officer has corrected the latitude to liii0 N.
At 2150 on 30 Mar., the HIMALAYA, camouflaged as the MANCHESTER
COMMERCE, gave an SOS signal reporting that she had been stopped
by a warship at 1950 at Ii3°li9 ' N, 12°28» W, and that the ship was
being abandoned.
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31 Mar. 19b3 CONFIDENTIAL
It is incomprehensible how the HIMALAYA could get
to a position so far to the south.
Naval Staff has urgently advised the Naval Attache, Madrid that
the outgoing Italian blockade runner HIMALAYA has been scuttled,
after being attacked by a warship, about 130 miles west of Cape
Villano, that rescue operations are under way and that lifeboats
will probably put ashore.
Group West reports that the probable loss of the HIMALAYA is
attributable to her following a wrong course. The Lrth Coast
Patrol Force neglected to deliver Group West's sailing orders to
this blockade-runner as ordered. Commanding Admiral, Group West
has ordered a court-martial investigation.
It is feared that the HIMALAYA may have encountered
vessels of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla. Details must
be awaited.
Group West has requested Air Commander, Atlantic Coast to provide
additional reconnaissance with available Ju 88 planes in the sea
area between 9° and 13° W, and k3° as far as hS° N, starting at
dawn.
The departure of the other three blockade runners has apparently
been accomplished without incident.
The PIETRO 0RSE0L0 has been picked up by the 8th Destroyer Flo-
tilla according to plan.
Further details concerning Operations "Elisabeth" and "Anke" are
contained in War Diary, Part C, Vol. II b, File "Elisabeth".
Channel Coast t
Nothing special to report.
III> North Sea, Norway, Northern Waters.
1. North Seat
Mine-sweeping activity was stopped on account of the
weather. The patrol positions were not occrpied.
At 1320 heavy enemy air forces attacked the dockyard and the
harbor installations at Rotterdam. The dockyard on the Nieuwe
Waterweg was heavily damaged and work was temporarily stopped.
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31 Mar. 19ii3 CONFIDENTIAL
■
2. Norway/Northern Waters:
Energy Situation;
According to radio intelligence, three Russian destroyers
returned to Kola Bay in the morning. Three Russian submarines
were advised of a freighter and nine motor barges in an unidenti-
fied sea area. Air reconnaissance over the North Sea was limited
during the day. No operations of the Iceland squadrons were re-
ported.
Own Situation;
On 29 Mar., three Russian submarine-laid mines were cut
near Festerneset. On the morning of 30 Mar., the Coastal Listen-
ing Station sighted two Russian vessels in a northerly direction
which withdrew at high speed behind smoke screens and were fired
at by batteries Romanov and Petsamo. The fire was returned from
the Rybachi peninsula battery. Eight enemy planes were noted in
the area of Petsamo.
In Tofte Fiord one of our motor minesweepers captured a Norwegian
cutter with a sabotage detachment of twelve men aboard. Two Nor-
wegians were shot while attempting to escape. The cutter was
blown up by her crew. According to prisoners' statements, four
other cutters are to put in.
Escort service was carried out according to plan.
On 30 Mar., the NUERNBERG, GREIF and JAGUAR moved to Harstad. At
0800 three destroyers of the Alta Group left Kaa Fiord to pick up
the REGENSBURG.
For orders of Group North to the REGENSBURG, see radiograms 12 19,
1227, 1707 and 19l3.
In accordance with the suggestion of Operations Division, Group
North plans, upon completion of Operation "Segelhaf en" , to reduce
the sea turns of the submarines operating in northern waters to
about 18 days.
IV. Skagerrak, Baltic Sea Entrances, Baltic Sea.
The Hirtshals - Arendal line was occupied by four patrol boats.
Minesweeping was impossible on account of the weather.
Naval Staff considers that the plan of Commanding Admiral, De-
fenses, Baltic for compulsory escort on Route "38" is impracticable
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31 Mar. 19 u3 CONFIDENTIAL
due to the delay to shipping. According to a communication from
the Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping, the greater risk of
mines must be faced. Order to Group North accordingly, see tele-
type 1710.
Commander, Minesweepers, Baltic reports that the net defense unit
on Operation "Walross", has laid 5.3 miles of net from south to
north. The 2lith Landing Flotilla has completed barrage "Nashora
Ila" and "III a". Due to weather conditions it is not possible
to begin barrage "IV a" or to carry out minesweeping.
Admiral, Baltic States reports the dismounting of Battery Odens-
holm which, after overhaul, is to be installed on the Dubni
Peninsula. There was the usual activity in Kronstadt Bay.
V. Merchant Shipping.
1.) The Reich Commissioner of Maritime Shipping reports that
the transfer of the Spanish fruit and ore traffic to Port Vendres
has been ordered.
2.) According to a communication from the Reich Commissioner
of Maritime Shipping, the shipping space required for April for
Armed Forces supplies to Norway will amount to about lil3,000 GRT,
to Finland about 110,000 3RT. Shipments to the Baltic States
will require 187,000 GRT. In German coastal traffic, apart from
coal, 110,000 GRT will be required and another 260,000 GOT for
coastal coal traffic, only 20,000 GRT being at present scheduled
from Rotterdam. About 200,000 tons will be dispatched from Oxel-
oesund.
VI. Submarine Warfare.
1. Enemy Situation:
Reconnaissance in the Bay of Biscay was normal with 17
planes on operation.
According to radio deciphering, the U.S. auxiliary aircraft
carrier BOOTE and the aircraft tender BELOAP and G. C. BAGDER
are employed on escort duties in the North Atlantic.
2. Own Situation:
No special operational reports have cone in from the
submarines in the North Atlantic. Several submarines have been
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31 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
dispatched to assist the HIMALAYA. Nor have any action reports
been received from the southern submarines.
Order to Submarine Division concerning opening of the various
sectors of Route "Anton", or periods when they will be closed, has
been issued by l/Skl I u 973/U3 Gkdos. Chefs. Copy in War Diary,
Part C, Vol. IV. Further details in War Diary,. Part B, Vol. IV.
VII. Aerial Warfare.
1 . British Isles and Vicinity:
The 3rd Air Force had 126 planes out on operation in the
west area and 26 in the Mediterranean.
During the period from 9 to 31 Mar., FW 200 type planes of Air Com-
mander, Atlantic Coast flew lU6 daylight missions for Naval Group
West off the west coast of Portugal and in the outer Bay of Biscay.
During these flights, twenty large enemy convoys were sighted, not
to mention small or unaccompanied vessels.
Enemy air attacks were made at noon in the area of the Scheld
estuary (see "Own Situation North Sea") and in the areas of Dun-
kirk, Ostend and St. Omer - Calais.
2. Mediterranean Theater:
Planes of the 2nd Air Force were heavily engaged through-
out the day and night over the whole front of Army Group Africa
and especially in advance of the Italian 1st Army. Other strong
forces of the German Air Force were on escort duties with air and
sea convoys. In defense against an attack on the convoy NUORO,
five enemy planes were shot down. Our bombers again had to be
used for the supply of aviation fuel.
At lhOO the enemy made a heavy attack in the Cagliari - Decimo
area. One steamer was sunk and two others damaged. For further
damage, see "Daily Situation".
The probable sinking of an enemy submarine by a Ju 88 in the area
northwest of Trapani is reported from 30 Mar.
3. Eastern Front:
On 30 Mar. 33 enemy planes were destroyed over the Army
fronts. Reconnaissance by the Irth Air Force in the Black Sea
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31 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
produced no noteworthy information. The vessels of the Black Sea
Fleet were in harbor at Poti and Batum.
VIII. Warfare in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
1. Enemy Situation Mediterranean:
The FORMIDABLE, escorted by 8 destroyers, left Gibraltar
in the forenoon for the Mediterranean. East of Gibraltar she
took planes on board. Two steamers and 1 cable layer with 1 de-
stroyer and 20 landing craft arrived in Gibraltar from the At-
lantic.
According to an intelligence report from Spain, the special
freighter which sailed on 27 Mar. from the Mediterranean to the
Atlantic was a DEWDALE type LSI. In the forenoon, minesweeping
activity was observed in the area off Tangier. Snipping on the
Algerian coast was slight.
At 0535 two to four PT boats and one larger vessel, probably a
destroyer, were sighted kS miles southeast of Pantelleria pro-
ceeding at high speed on easterly course, presumably returning
from a mine laying mission.
Reconnaissance of the coastal waters between Derna and Tobruk
produced no sightings.
2. Own Situation Mediterranean:
Two Italian submarines are reported in the operational
area.
At 2015 on 30 Mar., in grid square CH 8292 U "596" sank two
steamers totalling lh,000 GRT from a westbound convoy of 20
steamers, and scored five hits.
On account of bad weather, PT boats were not sent out. East of
Bizerta, the Italians carried out a submarine chase.
Minesweepers M "6021", M "6023" and five auxiliary motor mine-
sweepers entered Genoa on 30 Mar. Further passage of minesweeper
M "602li" and submarine-chaser "2210" from Naples to Trapani has
been postponed for 2li hours because of engine trouble on the
submarine-chaser. Moored mines have been noted 20 miles west-
southwest of Cape Spartivento.
Motor minesweepers R "3" and R nhn have arrived in Strasbourg on
their transfer to the Mediterranean.
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31 Mar. 19 1*3 CONFIDENTIAL
According to the situation report of Commanding General, Armed
Forces, South, an early attack on the position of the 1st Italian
Army is to be expected. Sfax airfield was repeatedly and success-
fully attacked by strong enemy air forces.
3. Sea Transport Situation:
Convoy PIERRE CLAUDE - BELLUNO entered Tunis. Convoy
NUORO, en route to Bizerta, was attacked without success by enemy
planes. Convoy LE BORGNE, consisting of 2 steamers and 1 tanker,
escorted by 1 destroyer, 1 torpedo boat and 2 German submarine-
chasers, is en route from Naples to Bizerta according to schedule.
War transports KT "7" and KT "9" have left Naples for Tunis. Nine
German and seven Italian naval landing craft are en route to Bi-
zerta.
U. Area Naval Group South;
Aegean Sea;
At 1600 on 30 Mar. , an enemy submarine shelled a factory
near Chruso in the southeastern part of Cassandra Huk. Four
cutters and a turpentine container were set on fire. Submarine
chase is underway. Convoy traffic is held up due to submarine
danger.
Group South has advised Naval Staff for information of its com-
ments to Vice Admiral Ruge concerning intensification of the
measures for the defense of the Corinth Canal. For copy see tele-
type 13U0.
Black Sea;
Enemy Situation;
Air reconnaissance produced no new information. Shipping
.off the east coast was slight.
Own Situation;
The operations of the 1st FT Boat Flotilla off Tuapse
during the night of 30 Mar. were unsuccessful. Italian FT boats
were unable to make a thrust against enemy traffic between Ghelen-
jik and Cape Myshakov because of bad weather. On the afternoon
of 30 Mar., submarine U "19" entered Constantza. Shortly after
midnight on 31 Mar,, submarine U "21*" torpedoed and set fire to
the tanker SOWJETSKAJA (8,228 GRT) in Gagry Bay.
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31 Mar. 19U3 CONFIDENTIAL
At noon, four aerial torpedoes were fired at the convoy DRESDEN
in the area of Eupatoriaj all missed their targets. One plane
was shot down. An escorting motor minesweeper received casual-
ties by strafing.
The 11th Anapa transport was completed according to plan and the
12th transport is underway.
The ferry traffic across the Strait of Kerch was carried out ac-
cording to plan. To the east were ferried: 833 soldiers and
I6ii0 tons of supplies; to the west: about ii500 persons, 550
motorized and hlh horse-drawn vehicles, 17U5 horses, etc.
If the weather continues warm, the traffic to Temriuk will begin
on 7 Apr,
EC. Situation East Asia.
Nothing special to report.
- 1*26 - CONFIDENTIAL
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